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COMBINATION OF THE SCRIPTURE OF THE DAY AND THE RARE FRUIT TREES AND VEGETABLES. With the Scripture of the Day first.
[1] SCRIPTURE OF THE DAY [VOL. 239A]
For I bear them record that they have a zeal of God, but not according to knowledge. Romans 20:2, [authorized King James Bible; AV]
Yes many may have a zeal, but not according to accurate knowledge anf of these, Jesus (Yeshua) said at Matthew 7:21 – 24, [AV] “Not every one that saith unto me, Lord, Lord, shall enter into the kingdom of heaven; but he that doeth the will of my Father which is in heaven. 22 Many will say to me in that day, Lord, Lord, have we not prophesied in thy name? and in thy name have cast out devils? and in thy name done many wonderful works? 23 And then will I profess unto them, I never knew you: depart from me, ye that work iniquity.” Clearly showing that a person’s zeal must be in line with reality, the truth. At one time the Apostle Paul was one of these having zeal but not according to accurate knowledge as he testified to at Galatians 1:14, [AV] “For ye have heard of my conversation in time past in the Jews’ religion, how that beyond measure I persecuted the church of God, and wasted it: 14 And profited in the Jews’ religion above many my equals in mine own nation, being more exceedingly zealous of the traditions of my fathers.”
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[2] THE RARE FRUIT TREES AND VEGETABLES
Here is a Commentary on Bountiful Trees and Vegetables God (YHWH) has provided for mankind, specifically the Marula bears small round shaped fruit; (green in colour when unripe) that ripens to a yellow colour and can be harvested by being collected from the ground from January to March. According to Matt Marten operations manager of MNP, an analysis of the ripe fruit in the 2004 season yielded the following results: Average weight of 19.6g, peel of 31.6 %, stone 33.7% and pulp of 34.7%. The pulp is used as a base for juices, jams, jellies, ciders and alcohol drinks. The peel of the fruit is believed to have more than 27 different kinds of flavours and contains ten newly-isolated volatile esters that may be able to be extracted for use in aromatherapy, homeopathic medicines and essential oils and the freeze dried pulp of the marula fruit can be used in a number of cosmetic applications. Other products are the marula tea and as flavourant for ice –creams, etc. The fruit pulp contains up to four times vitamin C than oranges. Even though this fruit is seasonal, it can be processed into pulp in large volumes and stored frozen for a period of over a year. [source - retrieved from on 4/25/2014]
Sclerocarya birrea, the marula, (Greek skl?rós, "hard", and káryon, "nut", in reference to the stone inside the fleshy fruit) is a medium-ized dioecious tree, indigenous to the miombo woodlands of Southern Africa, the Sudano-Sahelian range of West Africa, and Madagascar. The tree is a single stemmed tree with a wide spreading crown. It is characterised by a grey mottled bark. The tree grows up to 18 m tall mostly in low altitudes and open woodlands. The fruitsare used in the liqueur Amarula. The distribution of this species throughout Africa and Madagascar has followed the Bantu in their migrations, as it has been an important item in their diet since time immemorial.
The fruits which ripen between December and March have a light yellow skin, with white flesh, rich in vitamin C—about eight times the amount found in an orange—are succulent, tart with a strong and distinctive flavour.[2] Inside is a walnut-sized, thick-walled stone. These stones, when dry, expose the seeds by shedding 2 (sometimes 3) small circular plugs at one end. The seeds have a delicate nutty flavour and are much sought after, especially by small rodents who know to gnaw exactly where the plugs are located.
Relationships: Belongs to the same family Anacardiaceae as the mango, cashew, pistachio and sumac, and is closely related to the genus Poupartia from Madagascar.
Common names:
Tshivenda:mafula
English: jelly plum, cat thorn, morula, cider tree, marula, maroola nut/plum
Afrikaans: Maroela[3]
Bambara: nkuna, nkuntan
Portuguese (Mozambique): canhoeiro
Hausa: dania
Sotho: Morula[3]
Swahili: mng'ongo
Shona: mutsomo, mukwakwa, mushomo, muganu, mupfura; [fruits] pfura; [tree] mufura, mafuna, marula
Tswana: Morula[3]
Northern/Southern Ndebele: iganu, ikanyi, umganu, umkano
Swazi: [fruits] emaganu, [tree] umganu
Zulu: Umganu,[3] [fruits] amaganu, [seeds, tree] umganu
Other: Boran (Kenya) – didissa ; Kamba (Kenya) – muua; Kwangali – ufuongo; Lovedu – marula; Maasai (Kenya) – ol-mangwai; Meru (Kenya) – mura; Pedi [fruits] – lerula, marula; Pedi [tree] – morula, merula; Pokot (Kenya) – oruluo; Ronga (Mozambique) – ncanhi; Sebei (Kenya) – katetalum; Shangaan – nkanyi, inkanyi; Diga (Kenya) – mngongo; Tonga: tsua, tsula, umganu; Tugen (Kenya) – tololokwo; Dinka (Sudan) – Gummel; Nuer (Sudan) – Kamel, Omel; Moru (Sudan) – Kyele; Luo (Kenya) Ong'ono.
The Marula tree is protected in South Africa.[3]
Traditional Uses
While little known globally, the fruit is traditionally used for food in Africa, and has considerable socioeconomic importance.[4]
The seed kernels are high in protein and fat, with a subtle nutty flavour, and constitute an important emergency food. Marula oil, made from the seed kernel, is a delicious additive to meals in Africa. It contains antioxidants and oleic acid. The bark is used both as treatment and a prophylaxis for malaria. An infusion of the inner bark of the marula tree may be applied toscorpion stings and snake bites to alleviate pain. The leaves are chewed on to help indigestion and to treat heartburn. Marula oil, made from the seed kernel, can be used as a type of skin care oil. Products of fruits and the tree are useful in crafts and agriculture. Gums exudates from the stem are mixed with water and soot to make ink by certain tribes in the region. The bark also yields a red-brown dye used in colouring traditional craft ware. The fruit infusion is used to bathe tick-infested livestock. The fruit is regarded as a potent insecticide
Commercial Uses
On an industrial level the fruit of the marula tree is collected from the wild by members of rural communities on whose land the trees grow. This harvest and sale of fruit only occurs during two to three months but is an important income to poor rural people. The fruit is delivered to processing plants where fruit pulp, pips, kernels and kernel oil are extracted and stored for processing throughout the year.
The most important industrial product is Amarula which is probably still the second largest selling cream liquor in the world. Mirma, based in Phalaborwa, assembles and processes 4,000 tons a year of fruit. They produce a pulp from the skin and flesh which is refrigerated and shipped to Distel in the Cape Winelands. Here it is fermented, distilled, matured, blended and bottled before being internationally distributed.
Another fruit based product is a frozen marula puree, which is produced by Bronpro in Nelspruit. Bronpro supply puree to food manufacturers who use it as an ingredient in their products. The best known of these products is Marula Mania a juice blend produced by The Ceres Beverage Company under the Liquifruit label.
The third largest marula fruit based industry, is the production of marula oil as an ingredient for cosmetics. This tends to be scattered amongst many producers although PhytoTrade Africa is probably the leading "supplier" to the cosmetics industry through its integration of the production of many producers.
Popular culture
The alcoholic distilled beverage (maroela mampoer) made from the fruit is referenced in the stories of the South African writer Herman Charles Bosman.
The marula fruit is also eaten by various animals in Southern Africa. In the movie Animals Are Beautiful People by Jamie Uys, released in 1974, some scenes portray elephants, warthogs and monkeys becoming intoxicated from eating fermented marula fruit. Later research showed that these scenes, at least in large animals were improbable and, in all probability, staged. Elephants would need a huge amount of fermented marulas to have any effect on them, and other animals prefer the ripe fruit. The amount of water drunk by elephants each day would also dilute the effect of the fruit to such an extent that they would not be affected by it.[5] Reports of elephants becoming intoxicated from marula fruit, however, are persistent.[6]
References
1. Jump up^ "Entry for Sclerocarya birrea". JSTOR Global Plants. JSTOR. Retrieved 2014-01-12.
2. Jump up^ Wickens, G. E.; Food and Agriculture Organization (1995). "Potential Edible Nuts". Edible Nuts. Non-Wood Forest Products 5. Rome: Food and Agriculture Organization. ISBN 92-5-103748-5. OCLC 34529770. Retrieved 2008-11-10.
3. ^ Jump up to:a b c d e "Protected Trees". Department of Water Affairs and Forestry, Republic of South Africa. 3 May 2013.
4. Jump up^ National Research Council (2008-01-25). "Marula". Lost Crops of Africa: Volume III: Fruits. Lost Crops of Africa 3. Washington, D.C.: National Academies Press.ISBN 978-0-309-10596-5. OCLC 34344933. Retrieved 2008-07-17.
5. Jump up^ Morris, Steve; David Humphreys and Dan Reynolds (2006). "Myth, marula, and elephant: an assessment of voluntary ethanol intoxication of the African elephant (Loxodonta africana) following feeding on the fruit of the marula tree (Sclerocarya birrea)". Physiological and Biochemical Zoology 79 (2): 363–9. doi:10.1086/499983.PMID 16555195. Retrieved 2012-07-30.
6. Jump up^ Couper, Ross. "Elephants drunk on native fruit at South Africa's Singita Sabi Sand". Retrieved 25 April 2014. [source - retrieved from on 4/25/2014]
In Genesis 1:11-13, "And God said, Let the earth put forth grass, herbs yielding seed, and fruit-trees bearing fruit after their kind, wherein is the seed thereof, upon the earth: and it was so. 12 And the earth brought forth grass, herbs yielding seed after their kind, and trees bearing fruit, wherein is the seed thereof, after their kind: and God saw that it was good. 13 And there was evening and there was morning, a third day. (American Standard Version, ASV)[for more details, go to www.jw.org].
To view images of the tree and its fruit, go to,
Now to know the truth, go to:
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Francis David said it long ago, "Neither the sword of popes...nor the image of death will halt the march of truth."Francis David, 1579, written on the wall of his prison cell." Read the book, "What Does The Bible Really Teach" and the Bible today, and go to www.jw.org!
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COMBINATION OF [1] THE SCRIPTURE OF THE DAY AND [2] Islam Does Not Understand The Bible Who Really Is Their God
[1] SCRIPTURE OF THE DAY [VOL. 240A]
These things have I spoken unto you, that ye should not be offended. 2 They shall put you out of the synagogues: yea, the time cometh, that whosoever killeth you will think that he doeth God service. 3 And these things will they do unto you, because they have not known the Father, nor me. John 16:1 – 3, [authorized King James Bible; AV]
And at Matthew 11:6, [AV], Jesus (Yeshua) said, “And blessed is he, whosoever shall not be offended in me.” Yes, people were fearful of the Jewish leaders as shown at John 9:22, [AV] “But by what means he now seeth, we know not; or who hath opened his eyes, we know not: he is of age; ask him: he shall speak for himself. 22 These words spake his parents, because they feared the Jews: for the Jews had agreed already, that if any man did confess that he was Christ, he should be put out of the synagogue.” At this time the genuine followers of Jesus (Yeshua) were under severe persecution as revealed at Acts 12:1 – 2, [AV] “Now about that time Herod the king stretched forth his hands to vex certain of the church. 2 And he killed James the brother of John with the sword.” And Jesus (Yeshua) revealed he had been sent at John 8:18 – 19, [AV] “I am one that bear witness of myself, and the Father that sent me beareth witness of me. 19 Then said they unto him, Where is thy Father? Jesus answered, Ye neither know me, nor my Father: if ye had known me, ye should have known my Father also.”
TO LEARN MORE ABOUT RELIGION AND THE BIBLE, GO TO,
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2)
3)
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5)
6)
7)
To enjoy an online Bible study called “Follow the Christ” go to,
Your Friend in Christ Iris89
Francis David said it long ago, "Neither the sword of popes...nor the image of death will halt the march of truth. "Francis David, 1579, written on the wall of his prison cell." Read the book, "What Does The Bible Really Teach" and the Bible today, and go to WWW.JW.ORG!
[2] Islam Does Not Understand The Bible Who Really Is Their God
INTRODUCTION:
Members of Islam are so busy throwing figurative stones at the Bible that they fail to see that their holy book, the Quran, is nothing but a distorted knockoff of the Bible with Arabian tradition and some items from the Talmud, Babylon or eastern, thrown in. A strong hint of this fact is found at Sura 3:48, "And He will teach him the Book and the wisdom and the Tavrat and the Injeel." (The Holy? Qur'an, translated by M.H. Shakir and published by Tahrike Tarsile Qur'an, Inc.).
The figurative stone throwing my members of Islam such as the following untruth, "why did Christianity experience a Great Schism between Peter and Paul". As this shows, members of Islam have a great capacity for daydreaming and reaching illogical conclusions.
And their way of trying to avoid seeing reality with respect who their god really is. They falsely claim their god is the same true God (YHWH) of Abraham, and strangely one of the proofs they use is the claim that the name "Allah" isused for god (Ilah) in Arabic. Partially true, but one must ask why. Simple they have been worshipping to old middle eastern Moon god, "Allah," a heathen celestial puppet god of Satan the Devil for so long that they started to use his name as a general term for god (Ilah). It is like how all cellophane tape in the US took on the name Scotch tape when in reality, only the tape manufactured by the 3M company really is Scotch tape. Same goes for the name "allah." This was pointed out by Professor Carleton S. Coon in his book, Southern Arabia, when he states,
"The god Il or Ilah was originally a phase of the moon god, but early in Arabian history the name became a general term for god, and it was this name that the Hebrews used prominently in their personal names, such as Emanu-el, Israel, etc... " [source - Southern Arabia by Professor Carleton S. Coon]
So as we can see, the name got wrongly applied to mean god in general as shown by Professor Coon's statement, but as he noted it actually belongs to the Moon god; therefore, as can be seen, Muhammed in his time was clearly referring to the Moon god, "Allah," as it had yet to take on the general term usage. The significance is that Islam is just kidding themselves when they try to mislead by claiming it in any way refers to the true God (YHWH) of Abraham.
This point was clearly made by the well-known Middle East scholar H.A.R. Gibb, when he stated,
"the reason that Muhammad never had to explain who Allah was in the Quran is that his listeners had already heard about Allah long before Muhammad was ever born" [Mohammedanism: An Historical Survey, New York: Mentor Books, 1955, p.38]. But more on that later.
Now let's look at the first item, Sura 3:48 and the Isa - Jesus (Yeshua).
SURA 3:48 AND THE ISA [JESUS (YESHUA)]:
Getting back to Sura3:48 and the Isa [Jesus (Yeshua)] we will look at the meaning of some of the terms that might not be readily understood - Book, Tavrat, Injeel; and information on the Isa - Jesus (Yeshua).
Now what is the Book, simple, the Bible. Now what is the Tavrat, simple, the Torah - first five books of the Bible. Now what is the Injeel, simple, the Gospel - first four books of the New Testament. The Wikipedia Encyclopedia says this of Injeel, "The word Indjil usually denotes the New Testament." [source - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia on 03/102006].
The word Injeel occurs many places in the Quran, and the Wikipedia Encyclopedia says, "The word Injil occurs twelve times in the Quran(III, 2, 43, 58; V, 50, 51, 70, 72, 110; VII, 156; IX, 112; XLVIII, 29; LVII, 27 - exact place depends on version of the Qur'an) and refers to the revelation transmitted by Isa. The word also means the scripture possessed and read by the Christian contemporaries of Mohammed (V, 51; VII, 156), i.e., the four Gospels often extended in current usage to mean the whole of the New Testament. Although the Qu'ran refers to the message of Isa, the contents of the relevation contained in the Injeel transmitted by Isa is not known from the Qur'an. [source - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia on 03/102006].
Now who is the Isa? Let's turn to the Wikipedia encyclopedia,
"Isa (????Isa), often seen as Isa, son of Mary (`Isa ibn Maryam) is the Arabic name for Jesus, who is one of the Prophets of Islam. According to the Qur'an, he was one of God's most beloved prophets sent specifically to guide the Children of Israel (Beni Israel). Christian Arabs refer to Jesus as Yasu'al-Masih or Isa al-Masih (???? ?????? Yasu`a al-Masih). [source - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia on 03/102006].
Now the Quran on the Isa is as follows:
"In the Qur'an, stories about the life and teachings of Jesus are common. The Qur'an tells of his miraculous birth, his teachings, the miracles he performed by God's permission, and his life as a respected prophet of God. The Qur'an also states repeatedly that Jesus was only a human prophet sent by God and not part of God Himself.
Muslims believe that Isa was sent down as a prophet and to be the Messiah. Like Judaism, Islam holds that sin is an act and not a state of being and therefore it does not admit the idea of an Original Sin inherited to the descendants of Adam, so the Islamic meaning of Messiah is different than the Christian view of a 'Redeemer'. Islam does not accept any human sacrifice for sin. The Islamic understanding of forgiveness is that it is made on the basis of divine grace and repentance. According to the Islam, no sacrifice can add to divine grace nor replace the necessity of repentance.
The Qur'anic verse below explicitly calls Isa by the title Messiah. The verse says that Allah (God) sent word to Mary about it, and it also calls him the Word of God. However, Muslims strongly disagree with the mainstream Christian belief that Jesus was divine himself as part of the trinity (Son of God), regarding it as a blasphemous denial of tawhid (monotheism). Therefore, he is not considered the Son of God but only human. (See below for relevant Qur'anic verses.) [source - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia on 03/102006].
And the Quran at Sura 3:45 says, "When the angels said: O Marium, surely Allah gives you good news with a Word from Him (of one) whose name is the '. Messiah, Isa son of Marium, worthy of regard in this world and the hereafter and of those who are made near (to Allah)." ." (The Holy? Qur'an, translated by M.H. Shakir and published by Tahrike Tarsile Qur'an, Inc.).
Now the Basic Islamic Beliefs with respect the Isa, Jesus (Yeshua) are:
"Jesus (Isa in the Qur'an) was one of God's highest ranked and most beloved prophets. He was sent specifically to guide the Children of Israel. He was neither God nor the Son of God, but rather a human prophet, one of many prophets sent over history to guide mankind. Jesus' message to mankind was originally the same as all of the other prophets, from Adam to Muhammad, but has been distorted by those who claim to be its adherents. Jesus was born miraculously without a human biological father by the will of God. His mother, Mary ("Maryam" in Arabic), is among the most saintly, pious, chaste, and virtuous women ever. Jesus was able to perform miracles, but only by the will of God. Besides his miraculous birth, his first miracle was when, although only a few days old, Jesus spoke and defended his mother against accusations of adultery. The Qur'an mentions, among other miracles, that he raised the dead, restored sight to the blind, and cured leprosy. Jesus renounced all worldly possessions and lived a life of strict nonviolence, abstaining from eating animal flesh and from drinking alcohol. Jesus received a Gospel from God, called (in Arabic) the "Injeel", and corresponding to the New Testament. However, Muslims hold that the New Testament Christians have today has been changed and does not accurately represent the original. Some Muslims accept the Gospel of Barnabas as the most accurate testament of Jesus. The authenticity and date of this text is disputed in Islamic, Christian and secular academic circles. Jesus was neither killed nor crucified; but God made it appear so to his enemies. Some Muslim scholars (notably Ahmad Deedat) maintain that Jesus was indeed put up on the cross, but did not die on it, but was revived and then ascended bodily to heaven, while others say that it was actually Judas who was mistakenly crucified by the Romans. Jesus is alive in heaven and will return to the world in the flesh following Imam Mahdi to defeat the dajjal ("the deceiver", anti-Christ in Islamic belief), once the world has become filled with injustice. Islam does not admit the idea of an original sin transmitted to the descendants of Adam and in that sense neither is Jesus a Redeemer of mankind as many Christians believe he is."[source - [source - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia on 03/102006].
ISLAM LOVES TO THROW FIGURATIVE STONES BUT GOES INSANE WHEN ON RECEIVING END:
Members of Islam love to throw figurative stones, most of course are nothing but outright lies such as the following,
"why did Christianity experience a Great Schism between Peter and Paul." But overlook the most significant fact, there was no great schism, not even a little one, between Peter and Paul, i.e., what they false allege never happened. But then what can you expect from a group who has a Moon god, "Allah," as their supreme god whom they falsely claim is the true God (YHWH) of Abraham. When you base your religion on the 'big lie' you must continue to tell lies in support of it and to make false accusations against anyone who dares to bring out the truth in line with John 8:32, "And ye shall know the truth, and the truth shall make you free." (Authorized King James Bible; AV).
They even go so far as to call genuine (true) Christians and/or infer such when Devil inspired false doctrine is rejected, none Christians and/or imply such.
Of course they call good research when it rejects their beloved safety blanket false beliefs all types of names and make accusations against it. Here is a good example of this,
<<"If this whole quote is so true, then why did Christianity experience a Great Schism between Peter and Paul upon spreading Christianity, because of the different view points that they had regarding the teaching of Christ and the Almighty, above all things
If everyone were in such harmony and pizaazzz, then they wouldn't have broken the first lineage of the Church at this point.
Divinely inspirational, eh?! Why didn't they write down their own DIVINED words instead of allowing others to write those divined words for them? Something divined inspirational wouldn't have allowed for a second or third or fourth person to write it down many, many years later.
In addition, the way secretary transcribes things is by using a voice recorder. Stenotypist use long hand then retype it. They didn't have that back then. One Therefore, using your words, that divine inspiration had to written down by memory, but as you and I know, those men were quite old and they didn't write anything down themselves.. Those up under them had written it. One more thing, secretaries who are transcribing things, as they are taught, only write down the things that they figure to important...ya know, human reasoning of what is more important than the other stuff.">>
You will this member of Islam is alluding to something that never occurred, i.e., a schism between Peter and Paul. This same individual goes on to imply the first lineage of the church was broken at this point clearly showing he has no idea what he is talking about, but is just throwing figurative stones.
Then he goes on to deceive by questioning the divine inspiration of the Bible; yet his words remind one of the Devils deception at Genesis 3:1-5, "Now the serpent was more subtil than any beast of the field which the LORD God had made. And he said unto the woman, Yea, hath God said, Ye shall not eat of every tree of the garden?
2 And the woman said unto the serpent, We may eat of the fruit of the trees of the garden: 3 But of the fruit of the tree which is in the midst of the garden, God hath said, Ye shall not eat of it, neither shall ye touch it, lest ye die. 4 And the serpent said unto the woman, Ye shall not surely die: 5 For God doth know that in the day ye eat thereof, then your eyes shall be opened, and ye shall be as gods, knowing good and evil." (AV).
Now let's look at the reality with respect the Bible, the Bible is NOT the product of one committee or strongman. It has over 40 individual writers who wrote under divine inspiration/guidance putting the thoughts of God (YHWH) into the words of men much as transcribing secretaries today taking transcription and then later typing it out. In other words one real author, God (YHWH), and many scribes each of whom wrote in his own style over a period of approximately 1,600 years. All of what people call or consider inconsistencies are really not such, but most often just a problem of translation and/or understanding, i.e., lack of understanding of what the original writer writing in his own language and culture meant/said in his original writing. What is remarkable, is the writers over such a period of time all wrote in harmony when even most posters on threads on this forum can not even stay on track or subject over a period of a few days and/or weeks at most with the original subject of the thread. This fact of harmony over a period so great as to almost stagger the imagination shows that it had one guiding force or author who divinely inspired its writers as humans of their own volition can not keep on track over short periods of time.
To wit, the Bible is the ONLY book God (YHWH) ever inspired men to write as his scribes. In other words, God is its author and men only put his thoughts given to them by divine inspiration into their own words, the words of men. Not only that, all the other writers of later so called religious guidance books borrowed from it and made changes in accord with their strong man or so called prophet. Take the example of Joseph Smith who borrowed from it to write the Book of Mormon, but failed to give credit or source to the Bible and twisted some borrowed things into bizarre distortions. Other examples are of course the bizarre writings of David Koresh the Prophet of the Branch Dividians of Waco, Texas; and the Quran, etc.
Strange, they throw stones at the Bible, clearly they fail to realize what Muhammed wrote at Sura 3:48 clearly shows where he got his information, but modern day members of Islam do NOT want to know or accept this fact. This fact is clearly shown since Muslim scholars generally dispute that Injil refers to either the scripture possessed and read by the Christians nowadays or the four Gospels. The word Injil is used in the Qur'an, the Hadith, and early Muslim documents to refer specifically to the revelations made by God to Isa, and is used by both Muslims and some Arabic-speaking Christians today.[source - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia on 03102006].
Sounds like a child rejecting its own mother does it not. Yet, the indisputable fact is that the New Testament was Muhammed's source for data on the Isa - Jesus (Yeshua). Just a quick comparison between Luke 1:35 and Sura 3:47 clearly shows this. Let's look at the two and compare.
Luke 1:34-35, "Then said Mary unto the angel, How shall this be, seeing I know not a man? 35 And the angel answered and said unto her, The Holy Ghost shall come upon thee, and the power of the Highest shall overshadow thee: therefore also that holy thing which shall be born of thee shall be called the Son of God." (AV).
Sura 3:47, "She said: My Lord! when shall there be a son (born) to I me, and man has not touched me? He said: Even so, Allah creates what He pleases; when He has decreed a matter, He only says to it, Be, and it is."
Clearly Muhammed used Luke 1:34-35 for data to write his Sura3:47. (The Holy? Qur'an, translated by M.H. Shakir and published by Tahrike Tarsile Qur'an, Inc.).
"ALLAH" THE OLD MIDDLE EASTERN MOON GOD AND PRESENT GOD OF ISLAM:
Allah, the Moon god has long been the god of the middle east and with the rise of Muslim culture under Muhammed became the god of the new religion he started, and Middle East scholar H.A.R. Gibb, noted this fact when he stated,
"the reason that Muhammad never had to explain who Allah was in the Quran is that his listeners had already heard about Allah long before Muhammad was ever born" [Mohammedanism: An Historical Survey, New York: Mentor Books, 1955, p.38].
The word "Allah" comes from the compound Arabic word, al-ilah. Al is the definite article "the" and ilah is an Arabic word for "god." It is not a foreign word. It is not even the Syriac word for God. It is pure Arabic. [Arabic Lexicographical Miscellanies" by J. Blau in the Journal of Semitic Studies, Vol. XVII, #2, 1972, pp. 173-190].
Neither is Allah a Hebrew or Greek word for God as found in the Bible. Allah is a purely Arabic term used in reference to an Arabian deity. Hastings' Encyclopedia of Religion and Ethics I:326, T & T Clark, states:
'"Allah" is a proper name, applicable only to their [Arabs'] peculiar God. '
According to the Encyclopedia of Religion:
'"Allah" is a pre-Islamic name . . . corresponding to the Babylonian Bel' [Encyclopedia of Religion, I:117 Washington DC, Corpus Pub., 1979].
In fact the common symbol used in much of Islam, the Crescent Moon, like in the Green Crescent the Arab equivalent of the Red Cross, as used by the Ottomans, on most Mosques, etc. But here is what history and archaeology shows:
The symbol of the worship of the moon god in Arabian culture and elsewhere throughout the Middle East was the crescent moon.
Archaeologists have dug up numerous statues and hieroglyphic inscriptions in which a crescent moon was seated on top of the head of the deity to symbolize the worship of the moon god. In the same fashion as the sun is pictured above the Egyptian deity.
While the moon was generally worshiped as a female deity in the Ancient Near East, the Arabs viewed it as a male deity.[source - The Islamic Invasion by Dr. Robert Morey; Harvest Home Publishers, 1992. ISBN 0-89081-983-1]
Now there are strong indicators that the heathen god, Baal, was the god of very early antiquity that actually evolved into the present day Moon god "Allah," by way of an intermediary figure, the god "Hubal al'iah." In fact in his name you can actually see how the name for the pagan Moon god became.
One Encyclopedia said this,
"ALLAH...The term is a contraction of the Arabic al-ilah, "the God." Both the idea and the word existed in pre-Islamic Arabian tradition, in which some evidence of a primitive monotheism can also be found. Although they recognized other, lesser gods, the pre-Islamic Arabs recognized Allah as the supreme God."[source - Microsoft(r) Encarta(r) Online Encyclopedia 2000]
So we can now see one part of the timeline of the evolution of the old middle eastern Moon god, "Allah."
Let's consider the indicators of this evolution from the earliest of time. The data conclusively shows that as the timeline of the centuries unfolded the Ishmaelites forsook the God of their ancestors Abraham and Jacob, Yahweh or Jehovah (YHWH), for the worship of some false god. The false god whom they worshiped as the true God was quite possibly Baal. The data also shows that Hubal was the high god worshiped at Mecca, which is supportted by the view that he was the Allah of pre-Islamic times. He Allah or Hubal was the high god of the Makkans [residents of ancient Mecca]; although, they had many other gods and goddesses such as the daughter celestial goddesses of Allah who was the old middle eastern Moon god.
Allah was also known as Hubel, ""Among the gods worshiped by the Quraysh, the greatest was Hubal
...
Some additional details on this cleromantic deity, the most powerful of the pagan idols of Mecca, is supplied by the Meccan historian Azraqi ...
Amr ibn Luhayy brought with him (to Mecca) an idol called Hubal from the land of Hit in Mesopotamia. Hubal was one of the Quraysh's greatest idols so he set it up at the well inside the Kab'a and ordered the people to worship it. Thus a man coming back from a journey would visit it and circumambulate the House before going to his family, and would shave his hair before it ... "[Peters, Hajj: The Muslim Pilgrimage to Mecca and the Holy Places [Princeton University Press, NJ, 1994], pp. 24-25]
And, ""Khuza 'ah thus shared the guilt of Jurhum. They were also to blame in other respects: a chieftain of theirs, on his way back from a journey to SYRIA, had asked the MOABITES to give him ONE OF THEIR IDOLS. They gave him HUBAL, which he brought back to the Sanctuary, setting it up within the Ka'bah itself; and it became THE CHIEF IDOL OF MECCA." [Muhammad: His Life Based on the Earliest Sources, Inner Traditions International, LTD. One Park Street, Rochestor Vermont 05767, 1983, p. 5].
And this Hubel or Allah the Moon god is indicated to be known by others as the Biblically condemned god, 'Baal.' Commenting on 'Abd al-Muttalib's rediscovery of the well of Zamzam and its treasures, Lings writes:
"... So 'Abd al-Muttalib continued to dig without any actual move being made to stop him; and some of the people were already leaving the sanctuary when suddenly he struck the well's stone covering and uttered a cry of thanksgiving to God. The crowd reassembled and increased; and when he began to dig out the treasure which Jurhum had buried there, everyone claimed the right to share in it. 'Abd al-Muttalib agreed that lots should be cast for each object, as to whether it should be kept in the sanctuary or go to him personally or be divided amongst the tribe. This had become the recognised way of deciding an issue of doubt, and it was done by means of divining arrows inside the Ka'bah, in front of THE MOABITE IDOL HUBAL ..." (Lings, p. 11; bold and capital emphasis ours)
'Amr then asked them to give him an idol he could take to Arab lands where it could be worshipped, and they gave him one named Hubal. This he brought to Mecca and set on a pedestal and ordered the people to worship and venerate it. (The Life of the Prophet Muhammad (Al-Sira al-Nabawiyya), Volume I, translated by professor Trevor Le Gassick, reviewed by Dr. Ahmed Fareed" [Garnet Publishing Limited, 8 Southern Court, south Street Reading RG1 4QS, UK; The Center for Muslim Contribution to Civilization, 1998], p. 42]
Interestingly, Ibn Kathir shows that the god of Muhammad's family was Hubal, and that his grandfather even prayed to Allah by facing Hubal's idol! Ibn Ishaq stated, "It is claimed that when 'Abd al-Mutallib received such opposition from Quraysh over the digging of zamzam, he vowed that if ten sons were born to him who grew up and protected him, he would sacrifice one of them for God at the ka'ba."
In the Collier's CD-ROM Encyclopedia, we find the following information on Baal:
"Referred to as Aliyan (I Prevail), Baal triumphed over the champions he encountered in battle. He came to be distinguished by the name of the locality in which he was adored and by the special character or function attributed to him. Every major aspect of religious life could, moreover, develop the cult of its own Baal. In general, he was credited with being the male author of fertility in soil and flock, and offerings in kind were presented to him at proper festivals." [source - Collier's CD-ROM Encyclopedia]
This Baal was considered in earliest times to be the supreme god of the people we now know as Arabs, and cultures usually always maintain there supreme god even though he/she may change his form or even name. Therefore, this is a very strong indicator that in all probability he evolved into Hubal al'iah who later evolved into Allah, but always remaining the supreme god of the people of the area.
As noted,
"Archaeological, linguistic, and non-Arabic data support the view that there were among the Arabs, long before the emergence of Islam, worshipers of a supreme god known as Allah...leaves little doubt that the Meccans, despite their idolatry, recognized that Allah was Creator and Supreme Provider...Allah was recognized as a High God to whom the inhabitants of the desert and the townsfolk turned in all great difficulties. Two pagan bards, Nabighah and Labid, used the name "Allâh" in connection with the Supreme Deity, while the so-called Hanifs, in their search for an acceptable religion, rejected polytheism and sought freedom from sin by appeal to the will of Allah." [source - Collier's CD-ROM Encyclopedia].
As can be readily seen from the foregoing, it is very likely that Baal evolved into Allah in progressive steps which are indicated to be as follows,
Baal evolved into Hubal al'iah and Hubal al'iah into Allah the middle eastern Moon god.
How so, the Meccans at the time were pagan heathens and worshipped this heathen god from time im-memorable in his various evolutionary forms. Of course this is the way heathen beliefs usually progress, but let's look once more at Allah as the modern Moon god.
"Allah is found . . . in Arabic inscriptions prior to Islam" [Encyclopedia Britannica, I:643].
"The Arabs, before the time of Mohammed, accepted and worshipped, after a fashion, a supreme god called Allah" [Encyclopedia off Islam, I:302, Leiden: E.J. Brill, 1913, Houtsma].
"Allah was known to the pre-Islamic . . . Arabs; he was one of the Meccan deities" [Encyclopedia off Islam, I:406, ed. Gibb].
"Ilah . . . appears in pre-Islamic poetry . . . By frequency of usage, al-ilah was contracted to Allah, frequently attested to in pre-Islamic poetry" [Encyclopedia off Islam, III:1093, 1971].
"The name Allah goes back before Muhammad" [Encyclopedia of World Mythology and Legend, I:41, Anthony Mercatante, New York, The Facts on File, 1983].
"The origin of this (Allah) goes back to pre-Muslim times. Allah is not a common name meaning "God" (or a "god"), and the Muslim must use another word or form if he wishes to indicate any other than his own peculiar deity" [Encyclopedia of Religion and Ethics, I:326, Hastings].
To the testimony of the above standard reference works, we add those of such scholars as Henry Preserved Smith of Harvard University who has stated:
"Allah was already known by name to the Arabs" [The Bible and Islam: or, The Influence of the Old and New Testament on the Religion of Mohammed, New York, Charles Scribner's Sons, 1897, p. 102].
Dr. Kenneth Cragg, former editor of the prestigious scholarly journal Muslim World and an outstanding modern Western Islamic scholar, whose works are generally published by Oxford University, comments:
"The name Allah is also evident in archeological and literary remains of pre-Islamic Arabia" [The Call of the Minaret, New York: Oxford University Press, 1956, p. 31].
Dr. W. Montgomery Watt, who was Professor of Arabic and Islamic Studies at Edinburgh University and Visiting Professor of Islamic studies at College de France, Georgetown University, and the University of Toronto, has done extensive work on the pre-Islamic concept of Allah. He concludes:
"In recent years I have become increasingly convinced that for an adequate understanding of the career of Muhammad and the origins of Islam great importance must be attached to the existence in Mecca of belief in Allah as a "high god." In a sense this is a form of paganism, but it is so different from paganism as commonly understood that it deserves separate treatment" [William Montgomery Watt, Muhammad's Mecca, p. vii. Also see his article, "Belief in a High God in Pre-Islamic Mecca", Journal of Semitic Studies, Vol. 16, 1971, pp. 35-40].
Caesar Farah in his book on Islam concludes his discussion of the pre-Islamic meaning of Allah by saying:
"There is no reason, therefore, to accept the idea that Allah passed to the Muslims from the Christians and Jews" [Islam: Beliefs and Observations, New York, Barrons, 1987, p. 28].
According to Middle East scholar E.M. Wherry, whose translation of the Quran is still used today, in pre-Islamic times Allah-worship, as well as the worship of Ba-al, were both astral religions in that they involved the worship of the sun, the moon, and the stars [A Comprehensive Commentary on the Quran, Osnabruck: Otto Zeller Verlag, 1973, p. 36].
CONCLUSION:
Muhammad founded his religion on the slippery slopes of a heathen Moon god whom his later followers tried to say was the same as the true God (YHWH) of Abraham. And their argument is of course very transparent, and was shown false in the introduction as follows,
<" Simple they have been worshipping to old middle eastern Moon god, "Allah," a heathen celestial puppet god of Satan the Devil for so long that they started to use his name as a general term for god (Ilah). It is like how all cellophane tape in the US took on the name Scotch tape when in reality, only the tape manufactured by the 3M company really is Scotch tape. Same goes for the name "allah." This was pointed out by Professor Carleton S. Coon in his book, Southern Arabia, when he states,
"The god Il or Ilah was originally a phase of the moon god, but early in Arabian history the name became a general term for god, and it was this name that the Hebrews used prominently in their personal names, such as Emanu-el, Israel, etc... "> [source - Southern Arabia by Professor Carleton S. Coon]
He used the Bible as the data source that he used to write the Bible and attempt to wrap a heathen god into new wrappings and connect him to the Isa - Jesus (Yeshua). But of course wrapping heathen god(s) and celebrations and practices in no way transforms their real nature, heathen things belonging to the Devil.
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COMBINATION OF [1] THE SCRIPTURE OF THE DAY AND [2] Arab-American Says Shariah Law Belongs to the Middle Ages Not the Modern Age:
[1] SCRIPTURE OF THE DAY [VOL. 241A]
For when the Gentiles, which have not the law, do by nature the things contained in the law, these, having not the law, are a law unto themselves: 15 Which shew the work of the law written in their hearts, their conscience also bearing witness, and their thoughts the mean while accusing or else excusing one another;) Romans 2:14 – 15, [authorized King James Bible; AV]
Almighty God (YHWH) is the most high as testified to at Deuteronomy 26:19, [AV] “And to make thee high above all nations which he hath made, in praise, and in name, and in honour; and that thou mayest be an holy people unto the LORD thy God, as he hath spoken.” Yes, at this time He had only dealt with the nation of Israel per Psalms 147:20, [AV] “He hath not dealt so with any nation: and as for his judgments, they have not known them. Praise ye the LORD” And Acts 10:2, [AV] “A devout man, and one that feared God with all his house, which gave much alms to the people, and prayed to God alway.” This man said, at Acts 10:4, [AV] “ And when he looked on him, he was afraid, and said, What is it, Lord? And he said unto him, Thy prayers and thine alms are come up for a memorial before God.” Yes, per 1 Peter 3:16, [AV] seek, “Having a good conscience; that, whereas they speak evil of you, as of evildoers, they may be ashamed that falsely accuse your good conversation in Christ.”
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[2] Arab-American Says Shariah Law Belongs to the Middle Ages Not the Modern Age:
INTRODUCTION:
An outspoken Arab-American Doctor of Psychiatrist blames medieval Shariah Law for holding back many Muslim countries and declares it concepts, ever in the background, for preventing progress in the Muslim world in a major speech on Al-Jazeera. Doctor Wafa Sultan, a Syrian-American psychologist from Los Angeles, put the blame for lack of progress on a clash between two opposite eras.
CLASH OF MENTALITIES BETWEEN THAT OF MIDDLE AGES AND 21 ST. CENTURY:
Dr. Sultan clearly stated the clash we are witnessing is not a clash of religions, or a clash of civilizations; but a clash between two opposites, between two eras. It is a clash between a mentality that belongs to the Middle Ages and another mentality that belongs to the 21 st. century. It is a clash between civilization and backwardness, between the civilized and the primitive, between barbarity and rationality.
She made it clear that it is a clash between freedom and oppression, between democracy and dictatorship. In other words, it is a clash between human rights and rights of women, on the one hand, and the violation of these rights, on the other hand as witnessed recently in Nigeria and Iran.
It is a clash between those who treat women like beasts and use Shariah Law as the justification, and those who treat them like human beings.
At that, the Al-Jazeera host then asked: "I understand from your words that what is occurring today is a clash between the culture of the West, and the backwardness and the ignorance of many Muslims?"
Doctor Wafa Sultan answered, "Yes, that is exactly what I mean."
In saying this and directly inditing 7/8 th. Century Shariah Law as a thing belonging to the Middle Ages, Doctor. Wafa Sultan voiced truths that many Muslims well know: That their civilization is, in many places, in turmoil, falling further behind the world in science, education, industry, and innovation, while falling everr deeper and deeper into the grips of crackpot clerics, tin-pot dictators, violent mobs and such madman as the likes of Osama bin Laden and Saddam Hussein.
DEMOCRACY NOT THE CUREALL:
Doctor Wafa Sultan made the point that, whereas, President Bush of the US keeps talking about Iraq and the Arab world as if democracy alone is the cure and all that is needed is to get rid of a few bad apples; however, this is an over simplification. The real problem is much deeper-we are dealing with a civilization that is still highly tribalized and is struggling with modernity. Yes, President Bush of the US is right in thinking it is important to assist Iraq become a model where Arab Muslims could freely discuss their real problems, the ones identified by Doctor Wafa Sultan, and chart new courses. His failing or crime was thinking it would be easy.
She said, "I do not know how Iraq will end, but I sure know that we are not going to repeat the Iraq invasion elsewhere anytime soon." Yet the need for reform in this region still is desperate and cries out. Yes, nurturing internally generated Arab models for evolutionary reform, and one of the best is Dubai, the Arab Singapore.
DUBAI AN EVOLUTIONARY MODEL FOR REFORM:
While Dubai is NOT a democracy, and it is not without its warts; yet it is a bridge of decency that leads away from the failing civilization I have previously described, said Doctor Wafa Sultan. It has cast out most of the links to Middle Age thinking and Shariah Law, and leads the way to a much more optimistic, open and self confident society. Dubaians are building a future based on butter, not guns; private property, not caprice; services more than oil; and globally competitive companies, not terror networks. Dubai is about nurturing dignity through success not suicide. As a result, its people want to embrace the future, not blow it up or burn it down.
That is why Arab progressives are stunned by our behavior. As an Arab businessman friend said to me of the Dubai saga: "This deal has left a real bad taste in many mouths. I mean this was Dubai, for God's sake! You could not have a better friend and more of a symbol of globalization and openness. If they are a security danger to the US, then who is not?"
So whatever happens with the Iraq experiment, but especially if it fails and it well may, we need Dubai to succeed. Dubai is where we should want the Arab world to go and leave the Middle Ages and Shariah Law behind. Unfortunately, the US Congress basically just told Dubai to go to h**l.
CONCLUSION:
What is so crazy about the current (March 2006) Dubai ports issue is that Dubai is precisely the sort of decent, modernizing model we should be trying to nurture in the Arab-Muslim world. However, we really have never had an honest discussion about either the real problems out there, to wit, a mentality and a law that belongs to the Middle Ages; and a modern mentality that belongs to the 21 st. century. We are seeing a clash between civilization and backwardness, between barbarity and the rational.
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COMBINATION OF [1] THE SCRIPTURE OF THE DAY AND [2] Discourse on What God (YHWH) Considers Acceptable Worship:
[1] SCRIPTURE OF THE DAY [VOL. 242A]
And it came to pass, when men began to multiply on the face of the earth, and daughters were born unto them, 2 That the sons of God saw the daughters of men that they were fair; and they took them wives of all which they chose. Genesis 6:1, [authorized King James Bible; AV]
Almighty God (YHWH) AT Genesis 1:28, [AV] said, “And God blessed them, and God said unto them, Be fruitful, and multiply, and replenish the earth, and subdue it: and have dominion over the fish of the sea, and over the fowl of the air, and over every living thing that moveth upon the earth.” But some of the heavenly sons of the Creator saw that the daughters of humans were beautiful and per Jude 6, [AV] “And the angels which kept not their first estate, but left their own habitation, he hath reserved in everlasting chains under darkness unto the judgment of the great day.” And as James 1:14 – 15, [AV] states, “But every man is tempted, when he is drawn away of his own lust, and enticed. 15 Then when lust hath conceived, it bringeth forth sin: and sin, when it is finished, bringeth forth death.”
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[2] Discourse on What God (YHWH) Considers Acceptable Worship:
INTRODUCTION AND FOREWORD:
Obedient followers of Jesus (Yeshua) Christ are required to worship his Father (YHWH), and Zephaniah 2:10-11 shows how important this is, "This shall they have for their pride, because they have reproached and magnified themselves against the people of Jehovah of hosts. 11 Jehovah will be terrible unto them; for he will famish all the gods of the earth; and men shall worship him, every one for his place, even all the isles of the nations." (American Standard Version, ASV), clearly showing that God (YHWH) takes the matter of worship to him as extremely important. However, not all worship is acceptable to God (YHWH), as affirmed at Matthew 15:9, "But in vain do they worship me, Teaching as their doctrines the precepts of men" (ASV), here alluding to false doctrines and myths contrived by men.
This fact is clearly revealed at 1 Corinthians 10:20-21, "But I say, that the things which the Gentiles sacrifice, they sacrifice to demons, and not to God: and I would not that ye should have communion with demons. 21 Ye cannot drink the cupof the Lord, and the cup of demons: ye cannot partake of the table of the Lord, and of the table of demons." (American Standard Version; ASV). In fact, much worship must NOT be pleasing to Almighty God (YHWH) as the Bible clearly shows that most of humanity is following the broad path to destruction at Matthew 7:13-14, "Go in by the narrow gate; for broad and roomy is the road that leads to destruction, and many are going in by it. 14 But narrow is the gate and hard is the road that leads to life, and few are they that find it." (The New Testament by Charles B. Williams). Also, the Bible reveals that the flock of Jesus (Yeshua) would be small in number at Luke 12:32, "Fear not, little flock; for it is your Father's good pleasure to give you the kingdom." (ASV) showing that Jesus' (Yeshua's) footstep obedient followers would be small in number, yet great numbers claim to be Christian, and this fact clearly indicates that many must really be counterfeit Christians. How so?
Let's consider the fact that all writings and concepts should be judged with respect reliability strictly by whether they are in accordance with God's written word or contrary to it. True Christians should not waste time on profitless things, and at Titus 3:8, " This is a faithful saying, and these things I will that thou affirm constantly, that they which have believed in God might be careful to maintain good works. These things are good and profitable unto men." (Authorized King James Bible; AV). So let's keep focused on Biblical truths and not trivial of man which profits nothing. Remember, "Nothing becomes truth because the majority believe it is true, truth stands alone not dependant on numbers believing it." (Preacher Iris, 2003).
MANY UNKNOWINGLY WORSHIP FALSE GODS:
Many do not take the time to investigate whether their form of worship is acceptable to the Creator (YHWH) and end up worshipping false gods as revealed by Habakkuk 2:18, "What doth the graven thing avail, because the maker thereof hath graven it, a molten, and a false image? Because the forger thereof hath trusted in a thing of his own forging, to make dumb idols." (Douay-Rheims Catholic Bible; DRCB). Many for example participate in celebrations that are ostensibly Christian but when their roots are examined, they are found to be of pagan origin; whereas, footstep followers are only admonished to keep one celebration according to the Bible, as directed at 1 Corinthians 11:23-26, "For I received of the Lord that which also I delivered unto you, that the Lord Jesus in the night in which he was betrayed took bread; 24 and when he had given thanks, he brake it, and said, This is my body, which is for you: this do in remembrance of me. 25 In like manner also the cup, after supper, saying, This cup is the new covenant in my blood: this do, as often as ye drink `it', in remembrance of me. 26 For as often as ye eat this bread, and drink the cup, ye proclaim the Lord's death till he come." (ASV).
The fact that not even all professedly Christians are worshipping God (YHWH) in an acceptable way was made in the introduction, and the Bible amplifies this fact at Matthew 7:21-23, "Not every one that saith unto me, Lord, Lord, shall enter into the kingdom of heaven; but he that doeth the will of my Father who is in heaven." (ASV); And Titus 1:16 declares, "They profess to know God, but by their actions they disown Him; they are detestable, disobedient, and useless for anything good." (The New Testament by Charles B. Williams); And the point is made at Luke 6:46-49, "And why call ye me, Lord, Lord, and do not the things which I say? 47 Every one that cometh unto me, and heareth my words, and doeth them, I will show you to whom he is like: 48 he is like a man building a house, who digged and went deep, and laid a foundation upon the rock: and when a flood arose, the stream brake against that house, and could not shake it: because it had been well builded. 49 But he that heareth, and doeth not, is like a man that built a house upon the earth without a foundation; against which the stream brake, and straightway it fell in; and the ruin of that house was great." (ASV).
WHAT ARE THE IDENTIFYING FEATURES OF TRUE WORSHIP?
Feature one is that worship is given only to the Creator (YHWH), and this point is affirmed at Matthew 4:10, "Then saith Jesus unto him, Get thee hence, Satan: for it is written, Thou shalt worship the Lord thy God, and him only shalt thou serve." (ASV); And at Deuteronomy 5:9, "thou shalt not bow down thyself unto them, nor serve them; for I, Jehovah, thy God, am a jealous God, visiting the iniquity of the fathers upon the children, and upon the third and upon the fourth generation of them that hate me;" (ASV); And at 1 Corinthians 8:5-6, "For they that are after the flesh mind the things of the flesh; but they that are after the Spirit the things of the Spirit. 6 For the mind of the flesh is death; but the mind of the Spirit is life and peace:" (ASV); And at John 17:3, "And this is life eternal, that they should know thee the only true God, and him whom thou didst send, `even' Jesus Christ." (ASV).
Feature two is that we must have absolute faith in Jesus (Yeshua) Christ as our exclusive personal savior as affirmed at John 3:36, "He that believeth on the Son hath eternal life; but he that obeyeth not the Son shall not see life, but the wrath of God abideth on him." (ASV); And at Acts 4:12, "And in none other is there salvation: for neither is there any other name under heaven, that is given among men, wherein we must be saved." (ASV); and at 1 John 4:3, "and every spirit that confesseth not Jesus is not of God: and this is the `spirit' of the antichrist, whereof ye have heard that it cometh; and now it is in the world already." (ASV). This is all important since the Bible shows that Jesus (Yeshua) is the only mediator between God (YHWH) and men at 1 Timothy 2:5, ""For there is one God, one mediator also between God and men, himself man, Christ Jesus, 6 who gave himself a ransome for all; the testimony to be borne in its own times;" (ASV).
Feature three is that one must rely on God's (YHWH's) written word for our guidance, the Bible as shown at 2 Timothy 3:16-17, ""Every scripture inspired of God is also profitable for teaching, for reproof, for correction, for instruction which is in righteousness: 17 that the man of God may be complete, furnished completely unto every good work." (ASV); And affirmed at 2 Peter 1:19, "And we have the word of prophecy `made' more sure; whereunto ye do well that ye take heed, as unto a lamp shining in a dark place, until the day dawn, and the day-star arise in your hearts:" (ASV); And at John 17:17-19, "Sanctify them in the truth: thy word is truth. 18 As thou didst send me into the world, even so sent I them into the world. 19 And for their sakes I sanctify myself, that they themselves also may be sanctified in truth." (ASV); And at Matthew 4:4, "But he answered and said, It is written, Man shall not live by bread alone, but by every word that proceedeth out of the mouth of God." (ASV).
Feature four is his followers will have an accurate knowledge of his Father (YHWH) and be able to explain it as testified to at Colossians 1:9-10, "For this cause we also, since the day we heard `it', do not cease to pray and make request for you, that ye may be filled with the knowledge of his will in all spiritual wisdom and understanding,
10 to walk worthily of the Lord unto all pleasing, bearing fruit in every good work, and increasing in the knowledge of God;" (ASV); And at 1 Timothy 2:3-4, "This is good and acceptable in the sight of God our Saviour; 4 who would have all men to be saved, and come to the knowledge of the truth." (ASV); And at 1 Peter 3:15-16, "but sanctify in your hearts Christ as Lord: `being' ready always to give answer to every man that asketh you a reason concerning the hope that is in you, yet with meekness and fear:
16 having a good conscience; that, wherein ye are spoken against, they may be put to shame who revile your good manner of life in Christ." (ASV).
Feature five is to be active in letting others know the truth with respect the word of God (YHWH), in fact this is a command given at Matthew 24:14 by Jesus (Yeshua) himself, "And this gospel of the kingdom shall be preached in the whole world for a testimony unto all the nations; and then shall the end come." (ASV); And at Matthew 28:19-20, "Go ye therefore, and make disciples of all the nations, baptizing them into the name of the Father and of the Son and of the Holy Spirit: 20 teaching them to observe all things whatsoever I commanded you: and lo, I am with you always, even unto the end of the world." (ASV); And at Romans 10:10, "for with the heart man believeth unto righteousness; and with the mouth confession is made unto salvation." (ASV); And at Acts *:1-4, "And Saul was consenting unto his death. And there arose on that day a great persecution against the church which was in Jerusalem; and they were all scattered abroad throughout the regions of Judaea and Samaria, except the apostles.
2 And devout men buried Stephen, and made great lamentation over him. 3 But Saul laid waste the church, entering into every house, and dragging men and women committed them to prison. 4 They therefore that were scattered abroad, went about preaching the word." (ASV); And at 2 Timothy 4:2, "preach the word; be urgent in season, out of season; reprove, rebuke, exhort, with all longsuffering and teaching." (ASV).
Feature six is to keep oneself separate from the evil world as testified to at John 13:19, "If ye were of the world, the world would love its own: but because ye are not of the world, but I chose you out of the world, therefore the world hateth you." (ASV); And at james 1:27, "Pure religion and undefiled before our God and Father is this, to visit the fatherless and widows in their affliction, `and' to keep oneself unspotted from the world." (ASV); And at 1 John 2:15-16, "Love not the world, neither the things that are in the world. If any man love the world, the love of the Father is not in him.
16 For all that is in the world, the lust of the flesh and the lust of the eyes and the vain glory of life, is not of the Father, but is of the world." (ASV).
Feature seven is for all those claiming to be footstep followers of Christ to bring their lives into conformance to the ways of God (YHWH) as testified to at Romans 12:2, "And be not fashioned according to this world: but be ye transformed by the renewing of your mind, and ye may prove what is the good and acceptable and perfect will of God." (ASV); And at Colossians 3:5-10, "Put to death therefore your members which are upon the earth: fornication, uncleanness, passion, evil desire, and covetousness, which is idolatry; 6 for which things' sake cometh the wrath of God upon the sons of disobedience: 7 wherein ye also once walked, when ye lived in these things; 8 but now do ye also put them all away: anger, wrath, malice, railing, shameful speaking out of your mouth: 9 lie not one to another; seeing that ye have put off the old man with his doings, 10 and have put on the new man, that is being renewed unto knowledge after the image of him that created him:" (ASV).
Feature eight is for all worshipers to have Christian 'agage' love among themselves as shown at John 13:34-35, "A new commandment I give unto you, that ye love one another; even as I have loved you, that ye also love one another. 35 By this shall all men know that ye are my disciples, if ye have love one to another." (ASV); And at 1 John 4:20-21, "If a man say, I love God, and hateth his brother, he is a liar: for he that loveth not his brother whom he hath seen, cannot love God whom he hath not seen. 21 And this commandment have we from him, that he who loveth God love his brother also." (ASV).
ALL TRUE WORSHIPPERS OF GOD (YHWH) HAVE PRACTICED TRUE WORSHIP:
The need for all worshippers of the true God (YHWH) to worship him in truth was shown at Hebrews 11:4, "By faith Abel offered unto God a more excellent sacrifice than Cain, through which he had witness borne to him that he was righteous, God bearing witness in respect of his gifts: and through it he being dead yet speaketh." (ASV); And at Hebrews 11:7, "By faith Noah, being warned `of God' concerning things not seen as yet, moved with godly fear, prepared an ark to the saving of his house; through which he condemned the world, and became heir of the righteousness which is according to faith." (ASV); And at Hebrews 11:8-9, "By faith Abraham, when he was called, obeyed to go out unto a place which he was to receive for an inheritance; and he went out, not knowing whither he went. 9 By faith he became a sojourner in the land of promise, as in a `land' not his own, dwelling in tents, with Isaac and Jacob, the heirs with him of the same promise:" (ASV).
In fact God (YHWH) instructed the nation of Israel in correct worship as shown at Exodus 19:5-6, "Now therefore, if ye will obey my voice indeed, and keep my covenant, then ye shall be mine own possession from among all peoples: for all the earth is mine:
6 and ye shall be unto me a kingdom of priests, and a holy nation. These are the words which thou shalt speak unto the children of Israel." (ASV); And at Deuteronomy 10:12-13, "And now, Israel, what doth Jehovah thy God require of thee, but to fear Jehovah thy God, to walk in all his ways, and to love him, and to serve Jehovah thy God with all thy heart and with all thy soul, 13 to keep the commandments of Jehovah, and his statutes, which I command thee this day for thy good?" (ASV).
THE NATION OF THE JEWS REJECTS GOD'S (YHWH'S) SON:
Up until the rejection of his Son, Jesus (Yeshua) by the Jews, they had been his chosen people as affirmed at Matthew 21:42-45, "Jesus saith unto them, Did ye never read in the scriptures, The stone which the builders rejected, The same was made the head of the corner; This was from the Lord, And it is marvelous in our eyes? 43 Therefore say I unto you, The kingdom of God shall be taken away from you, and shall be given to a nation bringing forth the fruits thereof. 44 And he that falleth on this stone shall be broken to pieces: but on whomsoever it shall fall, it will scatter him as dust. 45 And when the chief priests and the Pharisees heard his parables, they perceived that he spake of them." (ASV); And at Matthew 23:37-38, "O Jerusalem, Jerusalem, that killeth the prophets, and stoneth them that are sent unto her! how often would I have gathered thy children together, even as a hen gathereth her chickens under her wings, and ye would not! 38 Behold, your house is left unto you desolate." (ASV); And at Acts 13:45-46, "But when the Jews saw the multitudes, they were filled with jealousy, and contradicted the things which were spoken by Paul, and blasphemed. 46 And Paul and Barnabas spake out boldly, and said, It was necessary that the word of God should first be spoken to you. Seeing ye thrust it from you, and judge yourselves unworthy of eternal life, lo, we turn to the Gentiles." (ASV).
TRUE CHRISTIANS REVEALED BY GOD (YHWH) BY HIS SON:
All true footstep followers of Christ were not developed by man, but by God's (YHWH's) own Son, Jesus (Yeshua) Christ as revealed at Hebrews 1:1-2, "God, having of old time spoken unto the fathers in the prophets by divers portions and in divers manners, 2 hath at the end of these days spoken unto us in `his' Son, whom he appointed heir of all things, through whom also he made the worlds;" (ASV); And at Hebrews 2:3-4, "how shall we escape, if we neglect so great a salvation? which having at the first been spoken through the Lord, was confirmed unto us by them that heard; 4 God also bearing witness with them, both by signs and wonders, and by manifold powers, and by gifts of the Holy Spirit, according to his own will." (ASV); And at John 1:14-17, "Now it was the Preparation of the passover: it was about the sixth hour. And he saith unto the Jews, Behold, your King! 15 They therefore cried out, Away with `him', away with `him', crucify him! Pilate saith unto them, Shall I crucify your King? The chief priests answered, We have no king but Caesar. 16 Then therefore he delivered him unto them to be crucified. 17 They took Jesus therefore: and he went out, bearing the cross for himself, unto the place called The place of a skull, which is called in Hebrew, Golgotha:" (ASV).
ONLY ONE TRUE CHRISTIAN FAITH:
Many say that there can be many 'paths' to salvation, but the Bible clearly shows that true worshipers of God (YHWH) are not scattered in many different paths or faiths at Ephesians 4:1-6, "I therefore, the prisoner in the Lord, beseech you to walk worthily of the calling wherewith ye were called, 2 with all lowliness and meekness, with longsuffering, forbearing one another in love; 3 giving diligence to keep the unity of the Spirit in the bond of peace. 4 `There is' one body, and one Spirit, even as also ye were called in one hope of your calling; 5 one Lord, one faith, one baptism, 6 one God and Father of all, who is over all, and through all, and in all." (ASV); And at 1 Corinthians 1:10-13, "Now I beseech you, brethren, through the name of our Lord Jesus Christ, that ye all speak the same thing and `that' there be no divisions among you; but `that' ye be perfected together in the same mind and in the same judgment. 11 For it hath been signified unto me concerning you, my brethren, by them `that are of the household' of Chloe, that there are contentions among you. 12 Now this I mean, that each one of you saith, I am of Paul; and I of Apollos: and I of Cephas; and I of Christ. 13 Is Christ divided? was Paul crucified for you? or were ye baptized into the name of Paul?" (ASV).
More is required than sincerely believing as shown at Romans 10:2-3, "For I bear them witness that they have a zeal for God, but not according to knowledge. 3 For being ignorant of God's righteousness, and seeking to establish their own, they did not subject themselves to the righteousness of God." (ASV); And at James 2:14 & 26, "What doth it profit, my brethren, if a man say he hath faith, but have not works? can that faith save him?" and "26 For as the body apart from the spirit is dead, even so faith apart from works is dead." (ASV).
All true Christians must stay spiritually alert so as not to fall into traps of Satan the Devil and thus fall away from true worship as shown at 2 Corinthians 13:5, "Try your own selves, whether ye are in the faith; prove your own selves. Or know ye not as to your own selves, that Jesus Christ is in you? unless indeed ye be reprobate." (ASV); And at head the warning at 1 Corinthians 10:12, "Wherefore let him that thinketh he standeth take heed lest he fall." (ASV).
Beware of false teachings concerning God (YHWH) that the Devil has introduced as shown at Genesis 3:4-6, "And the serpent said unto the woman, Ye shall not surely die: 5 for God doth know that in the day ye eat thereof, then your eyes shall be opened, and ye shall be as God, knowing good and evil. 6 And when the woman saw that the tree was good for food, and that it was a delight to the eyes, and that the tree was to be desired to make one wise, she took of the fruit thereof, and did eat; and she gave also unto her husband with her, and he did eat." (ASV).
DEPARTURE FROM TRUE WORSHIP STARTED AFTER THE FLOOD OF NOAH'S DAY:
Shortly after the Flood of Noah's day, the Devil started to lead people astray into false worship as shown at Genesis 10:8-10, "And Cush begat Nimrod: he began to be a mighty one in the earth. 9 He was a mighty hunter before Jehovah: wherefore it is said, Like Nimrod a mighty hunter before Jehovah. 10 And the beginning of his kingdom was Babel, and Erech, and Accad, and Calneh, in the land of Shinar." (ASV); And at Genesis 11:4 & 9, "And they said, Come, let us build us a city, and a tower, whose top `may reach' unto heaven, and let us make us a name; lest we be scattered abroad upon the face of the whole earth." And "Therefore was the name of it called Babel; because Jehovah did there confound the language of all the earth: and from thence did Jehovah scatter them abroad upon the face of all the earth." (ASV).
APOSTASY FROM TRUE CHRISTIAN BELIEF WAS FORETOLD IN ADVANCE:
The Apostle Paul gave a warning in advance that many would leave the true Christian faith and become apostate, and in fact this started to happen while he was still alive as recorded at Acts 20:29-30, "I know that after my departing grievous wolves shall enter in among you, not sparing the flock; 30 and from among your own selves shall men arise, speaking perverse things, to draw away the disciples after them." (ASV); And at 2 Peter 2:1, "But there arose false prophets also among the people, as among you also there shall be false teachers, who shall privily bring in destructive heresies, denying even the Master that bought them, bringing upon themselves swift destruction." (ASV); And at 1 Timothy 4:1-2, "But the Spirit saith expressly, that in later times some shall fall away from the faith, giving heed to seducing spirits and doctrines of demons, 2 through the hypocrisy of men that speak lies, branded in their own conscience as with a hot iron;" (ASV).
A good example of a myth that was adopted as a false doctrine is the Trinity; why is this false doctrine so pervasive and ingrained that few any longer question where it came from or its legitimacy or lack thereof? It is due to a quark of history that many are ignorant of. It came about because in 325 A.D. a pagan Worshipper of the Unconquered Sun, Emperor Constantine wanted religious unity within his empire and cared naught for Bible truth. He called all the known bishops of the so called Christian church to a church council which he himself, a pagan at the time of the council - he claimed to became a Christian on his death bed, and through political prowess got the bishops to agree to incorporate into so called Christianity the principle belief of the pagans in a three-in-one god doctrine in rough form that declared coequality and coeternity for all parts/manifestations of this false doctrine. A historian, Will Durant, had this to say about this, "Christianity did not destroy paganism; it adopted it." [see APPENDIX, ITEM 3 FOR DETAILS].
In fact, the clergy class bear heavy responsibility for false teachings as shown at Matthew 23:13-15 & 33, "But woe unto you, scribes and Pharisees, hypocrites! because ye shut the kingdom of heaven against men: for ye enter not in yourselves, neither suffer ye them that are entering in to enter. 14 Woe unto you, scribes and Pharisees, hypocrites! for ye devour widows' houses, even while for a pretence ye make long prayers: therefore ye shall receive greater condemnation. 15 Woe unto you, scribes and Pharisees, hypocrites! for ye compass sea and land to make one proselyte; and when he is become so, ye make him twofold more a son of hell than yourselves." (ASV); And at Ezekial 34:2-10, "Son of man, prophesy against the shepherds of Israel, prophesy, and say unto them, even to the shepherds, Thus saith the Lord Jehovah: Woe unto the shepherds of Israel that do feed themselves! should not the shepherds feed the sheep? 3 Ye eat the fat, and ye clothe you with the wool, ye kill the fatlings; but ye feed not the sheep. 4 The diseased have ye not strengthened, neither have ye healed that which was sick, neither have ye bound up that which was broken, neither have ye brought back that which was driven away, neither have ye sought that which was lost; but with force and with rigor have ye ruled over them. 5 And they were scattered, because there was no shepherd; and they became food to all the beasts of the field, and were scattered. 6 My sheep wandered through all the mountains, and upon every high hill: yea, my sheep were scattered upon all the face of the earth; and there was none that did search or seek `after them'. 7 Therefore, ye shepherds, hear the word of Jehovah: 8 As I live, saith the Lord Jehovah, surely forasmuch as my sheep became a prey, and my sheep became food to all the beasts of the field, because there was no shepherd, neither did my shepherds search for my sheep, but the shepherds fed themselves, and fed not my sheep; 9 therefore, ye shepherds, hear the word of Jehovah: 10 Thus saith the Lord Jehovah: Behold, I am against the shepherds; and I will require my sheep at their hand, and cause them to cease from feeding the sheep; neither shall the shepherds feed themselves any more; and I will deliver my sheep from their mouth, that they may not be food for them." (ASV).
The Bible also foretold that the majority of the people would want this type of false teaching by the religious leaders at 2 Timothy 4:3-4, "For the time will come when they will not endure the sound doctrine; but, having itching ears, will heap to themselves teachers after their own lusts; 4 and will turn away their ears from the truth, and turn aside unto fables." (ASV); And at Jeremiah 5:30-31, "A wonderful and horrible thing is come to pass in the land: 31 the prophets prophesy falsely, and the priests bear rule by their means; and my people love to have it so: and what will ye do in the end thereof?" (ASV); And at John 3:19, "And this is the judgment, that the light is come into the world, and men loved the darkness rather than the light; for their works were evil." (ASV).
Clearly, worship that relies on the traditions of men is vain and God (YHWH) dishonoring as shown quite forcefully by Matthew 15:3-9, "And he answered and said unto them, Why do ye also transgress the commandment of God because of your tradition? 4 For God said, Honor thy father and thy mother: and, He that speaketh evil of father or mother, let him die the death. 5 But ye say, whosoever shall say to his father or his mother, That wherewith thou mightest have been profited by me is given `to God'; 6 he shall not honor his father. And ye have made void the word of God because of your tradition. 7 Ye hypocrites, well did Isaiah prophesy of you, saying, 8 This people honoreth me with their lips; But their heart is far from me. 9 But in vain do they worship me, Teaching `as their' doctrines the precepts of men." (ASV); And at Colossians 2:8, "Take heed lest there shall be any one that maketh spoil of you through his philosophy and vain deceit, after the tradition of men, after the rudiments of the world, and not after Christ:" (ASV).
RELIGIOUS ACTIVITIES DONE SIMPLY TO BE SEEN OF MEN ARE NOT PLEASING TO GOD (YHWH):
Many practice religious activities to simply be seen by others such as charitable works in the name of religion and/or going to church or other religious building on Sunday or some other day to be seen by others, but this is detested by God (YHWH) as shown at Matthew 6:1-5, "Take heed that ye do not your righteousness before men, to be seen of them: else ye have no reward with your Father who is in heaven. 2 When therefore thou doest alms, sound not a trumpet before thee, as the hypocrites do in the synagogues and in the streets, that they may have glory of men. Verily I say unto you, They have received their reward. 3 But when thou doest alms, let not thy left hand know what thy right hand doeth: 4 that thine alms may be in secret: and thy Father who seeth in secret shall recompense thee. 5 And when ye pray, ye shall not be as the hypocrites: for they love to stand and pray in the synagogues and in the corners of the streets, that they may be seen of men. Verily I say unto you, They have received their reward." (ASV).
Also, many work to put up salient temples and churches to simply impress others in the community, but this is not required as God (YHWH) can be faithfully worshiped in any adequate facility which is available as shown by Acts &:48-49, "Howbeit the Most High dwelleth not in `houses' made with hands; as saith the prophet, 49 The heaven is my throne, And the earth the footstool of my feet: What manner of house will ye build me? saith the Lord: Or what is the place of my rest?" (ASV); And at John 4:20-24, "Our fathers worshipped in this mountain; and ye say, that in Jerusalem is the place where men ought to worship. 21 Jesus saith unto her, Woman, believe me, the hour cometh, when neither in this mountain, nor in Jerusalem, shall ye worship the Father. 22 Ye worship that which ye know not: we worship that which we know; for salvation is from the Jews. 23 But the hour cometh, and now is, when the true worshippers shall worship the Father in spirit and truth: for such doth the Father seek to be his worshippers. 24 God is a Spirit: and they that worship him must worship in spirit and truth." (ASV).
TRUE CHRISTIANS DO NOT JOIN WITH FALSE WORSHIPERS IN SPIRITUAL BROTHERHOOD:
It is imperative that true Christians do not join with others in spiritual brotherhood as they must not become defiled with false teachings and with those serving this system of things as shown at 2 Corinthians 6:14-16, "Be not unequally yoked with unbelievers: for what fellowship have righteousness and iniquity? or what communion hath light with darkness? 15 And what concord hath Christ with Belial? or what portion hath a believer with an unbeliever? 16 And what agreement hath a temple of God with idols? for we are a temple of the living God; even as God said, I will dwell in them, and walk in them; and I will be their God, and they shall be my people." (ASV); And at 1 Corinthians 10:21, "But as to Israel he saith, All the day long did I spread out my hands unto a disobedient and gainsaying people." (ASV).
NOW NEAR THE CULMINATION OF THE END TIMES IT IS URGENT TO FORSAKE FALSE RELIGION:
Now, with the Culmination of the End Times close at hand it is imperative to forsake false religion if an individual wants to have God's (YHWH's) approval as shown by Revelation 18:4, "And I heard another voice from heaven, saying, Come forth, my people, out of her, that ye have no fellowship with her sins, and that ye receive not of her plagues:" (ASV); And at 2 Corinthians 6:17, "Therefore: 'Come out of company with them, And separate from them,' the Lord has said, 'And stop touching what is unclean; Then I will welcome you," (The New Testament by Charles B. Williams).
To this end, it may be necessary to change ones religion from that of your parents and/or from that which you adopted later in life as shown by 1 Peter 1:18, "knowing that ye were redeemed, not with corruptible things, with silver or gold, from your vain manner of life handed down from your fathers;" (ASV); And at 2 Chronicles 29:6, "For our fathers have trespassed, and done that which was evil in the sight of Jehovah our God, and have forsaken him, and have turned away their faces from the habitation of Jehovah, and turned their backs." (ASV); And at Joshua 24:14, "Now therefore fear Jehovah, and serve him in sincerity and in truth; and put away the gods which your fathers served beyond the River, and in Egypt; and serve ye Jehovah." (ASV); And at Jeremiah 16:19, "O Jehovah, my strength, and my stronghold, and my refuge in the day of affliction, unto thee shall the nations come from the ends of the earth, and shall say, Our fathers have inherited nought but lies, `even' vanity and things wherein there is no profit." (ASV).
However, changing to the true religion may bring opposition from ones family and friends, and this was foretold at Matthew 10:34-36, "Think not that I came to send peace on the earth: I came not to send peace, but a sword. 35 For I came to set a man at variance against his father, and the daughter against her mother, and the daughter in law against her mother in law: 36 and a man's foes `shall be' they of his own household." (ASV); And at Luke 12:52-53, "for there shall be from henceforth five in one house divided, three against two, and two against three. 53 They shall be divided, father against son, and son against father; mother against daughter, and daughter against her mother; mother in law against her daughter in law, and daughter in law against her mother in law." (ASV).
WE MUST BE FAITHFUL TO GOD (YHWH) AND CHRIST FIRST ABOVE ALL ELSE:
The bible clearly shows that we must first of all be faithful to God (YHWH) and to his only begotten Son, Jesus (Yeshua) above all else at Matthew 10:37, "He that loveth father or mother more than me is not worthy of me; and he that loveth son or daughter more than me is not worthy of me." (ASV); And at Luke 18:29-30, "Pilate therefore went out unto them, and saith, What accusation bring ye against this man? 30 They answered and said unto him, If this man were not an evildoer, we should not have delivered him up unto thee." (ASV).
In fact real true love for family members can only be shown by setting the right example as testified to at 1 Corinthians 7:12-16, "But to the rest say I, not the Lord: If any brother hath an unbelieving wife, and she is content to dwell with him, let him not leave her. 13 And the woman that hath an unbelieving husband, and he is content to dwell with her, let her not leave her husband. 14 For the unbelieving husband is sanctified in the wife, and the unbelieving wife is sanctified in the brother: else were your children unclean; but now are they holy. 15 Yet if the unbelieving departeth, let him depart: the brother or the sister is not under bondage in such `cases': but God hath called us in peace. 16 For how knowest thou, O wife, whether thou shalt save thy husband? Or how knowest thou, O husband, whether thou shalt save thy wife?
" (ASV); And at 1 Peter 3:1-2, "In the same way you women must accept the authority of your husbands, so that if there are any of them who disbelieve the Gospel they may be won over, without a word being said, by observing the chaste and reverent behaviour of their wives." (the New English Bible; NEB).
APPENDIX:
(1) With respect terms translated as worship sometimes, here is detailed information that should be helpful to all. There is much confusion with respect the English words worship and obeisance due to one Koine Greek word being translated both ways thus obscuring the meaning being given by the original writer. The fact is the original Koine Greek word has been translated many different ways, and of course, they can not all be correct. Let's look at how this Koine Greek word is translated in several different Bibles of one pertinent scripture:
Here is the Authorized King James Bible:
Matthew 2:11, " And when they were come into the house, they saw the young child with Mary his mother, and fell down, and worshipped him: and when they had opened their treasures, they presented unto him gifts; gold, and frankincense, and myrrh."
Here is the Douay-Rheims Catholic Bible:
Matthew 2:11, " And entering into the house, they found the child with Mary his mother, and falling down they adored him: and opening their treasures, they offered him gifts; gold, frankincense, and myrrh."
Here is the Rothrham Bible:
Matthew 2:11, " and, coming into the house, they saw the child, with Mary its mother,-and, falling down, prostrated themselves unto it, and, opening their treasures, offered unto it gifts-gold and frankincense and myrrh;"
Here is the Young's Literal Translation Bible:
Matthew 2:11, " and having come to the house, they found the child with Mary his mother, and having fallen down they bowed to him, and having opened their treasures, they presented to him gifts, gold, and frankincense, and myrrh,"
Here is the RVA89 Spanish Bible I use:
Matthew 2:11, " Cuando entraron en la casa, vieron al niño con María su madre, y postrándose le adoraron. Entonces abrieron sus tesoros y le ofrecieron presentes de oro, incienso y mirra."
Here is the Darby Translation:
Matthew 2:11, " And having come into the house they saw the little child with Mary his mother, and falling down did him homage. And having opened their treasures, they offered to him gifts, gold, and frankincense, and myrrh.
Here is the Hebrew Name Version of the World English bible:
Matthew 2:11, " They came into the house and saw the young child with Miryam, his mother, and they fell down and worshiped him. Opening their treasures, they offered to him gifts: gold, frankincense, and myrrh.
Here is the Latin Vulgate:
Matthew 2:11, " et intrantes domum invenerunt puerum cum Maria matre eius et procidentes adoraverunt eum et apertis thesauris suis obtulerunt ei munera aurum tus et murram
The Kingdom Interlinear Translation of the Greek Scriptures:
Matthew 2:11, "And when they went into the house they saw the young child with Mary its mother, and falling down, they did obeisance to it. They also opened their treasures and presented it with gifts, gold and frank incense and myrrh."
The New English Bible; NEB:
Matthew 2:11, "Entering the house, they saw the child with Mary his mother, and bowed to the ground in homage to him; then they opened their treasures and offered him gifts: gold, frankincense, and myrrh."
The Good News for Modern Man, New Testament:
Matthew 2:11, "They went into the house and saw the child with his mother Mary. They knelt down and worshiped him; then they opened their bags and offered him presents: gold, frankincense, and myrrh."
LEARN MORE AT WWW.JW.ORG
SEE PART 2 OF Discourse on What God (YHWH) Considers Acceptable Worship: IN VOL 242A THAT WILL FOLLOW:
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COMBINATION OF [1] THE SCRIPTURE OF THE DAY AND [2] PART 2 - OF DISCOURSE ON WHAT GOD (YHWH) CONSIDERS ACCEPTABLE WORSHIP:
[1] SCRIPTURE OF THE DAY [VOL. 243A]
And out of the ground made the LORD God to grow every tree that is pleasant to the sight, and good for food; the tree of life also in the midst of the garden, and the tree of knowledge of good and evil. Genesis 2:9, [authorized King James Bible; AV]
Adam the first man, the first of Almighty God (YHWH) human creation on earth was given a command with respect the tree of knowledge of good and evil at Genesus 2:16 – 17, [AV] “And the LORD God commanded the man, saying, Of every tree of the garden thou mayest freely eat: 17 But of the tree of the knowledge of good and evil, thou shalt not eat of it: for in the day that thou eatest thereof thou shalt surely die.” But Adam failed to obey His Creator and ate of the fruit of the tree he was commanded not to do, and Genesus 3:22, [AV] says, “And the LORD God said, Behold, the man is become as one of us, to know good and evil: and now, lest he put forth his hand, and take also of the tree of life, and eat, and live for ever:” So he, per Genesus 3:24, [AV] “So he drove out the man; and he placed at the east of the garden of Eden Cherubims, and a flaming sword which turned every way, to keep the way of the tree of life.”
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[2] PART 2 - OF DISCOURSE ON WHAT GOD (YHWH) CONSIDERS ACCEPTABLE WORSHIP:
New International Version; NIV:
Matthew 2:11, "On coming to the house, they saw the child with his mother Mary, and they bowed down and worshiped him. Then they opened their treasures and presented him with gifts of gold and of incense and of myrrh.
Word for Word from The Vatican Manuscript #1209 in the Vatican Library:
Matthew 2:11, "and being come into the house, they saw the infant with Mary the mother of it, and falling down did homage to It, and opening the treasuries of them, they offered to it gifts, gold and frankincense and myrrh."
Diaglott:
Matthew 2:11, "And coming into the house, they saw the child with Mary his mother; and prostrating, they honored him. Then opening their caskets they offered, as presents to him, Godl, Frankincense, and Myrrh."
Now some authoritive information on translation I just obtained from a translator:
The New Thayers Greek-Lexicon of the New Testament, Joseph Henry Thayer, p.548:
"[proskuneo]......to fall upon the knees and touch the ground with the forehead as an expression of profound reverence....hence in the N.T. by kneeling or prostration to do homage(to one)or make obeisance, whether in order to express respect or to make supplication..."
*Regarding Mark 5:6 where in the KJV we read "But when he[the demon-possessed man]saw Jesus afar off, he ran and worshipped him." Ralph Earle in his Word Meanings In The New Testament writes: "Worshipped It is true that proskyneo...means "to make obeisance, do reverence to, worship. The pertinent question remains: Would the demon-possessed man be worshipping Jesus, even though he called Him "Son of the Most High God"(NASB, NIV, RSV)? Probably "fell on his knees in front of him"(NIV) is a safer translation."-p.37, Hendrickson Publishers, 4th printing, June 2000.
We see here that _context_ can determine what kind of PROSKYNEO it is that is being rendered.
So "to do obeisance" is an acceptable rendition for PROSKYNEO. There is nothing in the word itself, when used in respect to Jesus, that it meant the worship of that one as God Almighty. So that, while the New International Version says at Matthew 2:11:
"[the Magi] bowed down and worshipped him[the babe Jesus]," the Revised English Bible (1990)reads here: "they bowed low in homage to him."
Did the Magi do PROSKYNEO to the babe Jesus as to one born a King or as God Almighty? Surely it was the former. The word at Matthew 2:11 has the same sense of "worship" or "obeisance" that the Canaanites recieved from Abraham(Gen 23:7, 12.LXX),or that Esau recieved from his brother Jacob(Gen.33:3, 6, 7.LXX) and toward Daniel from King Nebuchadnezzar(Daniel 2:46,LXX). When we "bow down to," or do "worship"(PROSKYNEO) towards one that is not Jehovah God then that "worship" is different from that which we give to Him. But in the Bible the same word is used whether such "worship" is that directed toward God, or men, or angels(creatures). The New World Translation is no more inconsistent in it's treatment of this word than the Revised English Bible.
Whilst the REV has "bowed down"[PROSKYNEO] at Matthew 2:11 in respect of the Magi towards Jesus, it renders PROSKYNEO at John 4:23,24 as "worship" when Jesus tells the Samaritan woman that :
"God is spirit,and those who worship[PROSKYNEO] him must worship[PROSKYNEO] in spirit and truth."
At Revelation 3:9 Jesus says, according to the King James Version:
"Behold, I will make them of the synogogue of Satan....behold, I will make them to come down and worship[PROSKYNEO] before thy feet."
Did Jesus mean to contradict himself here when earlier he had said that only God should be worshipped? (Matthew 4:10.) Of course not. It is simply that PROSKYNEO can be, as has already been shown, to have the sense of "bowing down" as to a superior or the giving of honour, respect. Hence, most modern Bible versions i.e. NIV, TEV, REB do not so render PROSKYNEO here, Rev.3:9, as "worship".
Therefore, at this point, we should be able to see that it would _not_ be inconsistent to render PROSKYNEO at times as "to do obeisance," or at times "worship".
The English word "worship" to a reader or the Bible _might_ lead them to think that that in itself is 'proof' that Jesus is God for only God should be "worshipped". They might consider when coming across "worship" toward Jesus(in any translation that does so)as "adoration paid to God."-The New Universal Dictionary. That is the first definition given. But not the only one. This same dictionary also defines the English word "worship" as "the quality of being worthy; honour, respect, reverence...submissive respect." Hence, even though a translator would choose to always translate PROSKYNEO as "worship" this would be no proof that Jesus is God and hence, consequently, the converse would also be true: That to render PROSKYNEO as "obeisance" when given to Jesus would not be "remov[ing] every reference to Jesus' being worshiped." What this means is that we must not read too much into translations that choose to translate PROSKYNEO as "worship" in reference to Jesus as if that then shows that Jesus, the Son, must be God. The Greek word itself does not show this. Hence, the translator's theology has a rightful role to play in the choice of the English rendering of PROSKYNEO.
Some would object to the New World Translation's position here because they believe that Jesus is God. But it has first to be accepted that the word PROSKYNEO can be rendered the way the NWT, and indeed others, have so done. And that it is wholly incorrect to call it a "NWT adaptation" or an "inconsistency"! But the question remains:
Why has the NWT rendered it as "obeisance" when it is used in reference to Jesus?
It would be best here to let The Watchtower magazine of November 15th, 1970 answer. It says, partly:
" While some translators use the word "worship" in the majority of cases where proskyneo describes persons' actions toward Jesus, the evidence does not warrant one's reading too much into this rendering. Rather, the circumstances that evoked the obeisance correspond very closely with those producing obeisance to the earlier prophets and kings. (Compare Matthew 8:2; 9:18; 15:25; 20:20 with 1 Samuel 25:23, 24; 2 Samuel 14:4-7; 1 Kings 1:16; 2 Kings 4:36, 37.)
"The very expressions of those involved often reveal that, while they clearly recognized Jesus as God's representative, they rendered obeisance to him, not as to God or a deity, but as "God's Son," the foretold "Son of man," the Messiah with divine authority.- Matt. 14:32, 33; 28:5-10, 16-18; Luke 24:50-52; John 9:35, 38. While earlier prophets and also angels had accepted obeisance, Peter stopped Cornelius from rendering such to him. And the angel (or angels) of John's vision twice stopped John from doing so, referring to himself as a "fellow slave"and concluding with the exhortation to "worship God."-Acts 10:25, 26; Rev. 19:10; 22:8, 9.
"Evidently Christ's coming had brought in new relationships affecting standards of conduct toward others of God's servants. He taught his disciples that "one is your teacher, whereas all you are brothers . . . your Leader is one, the Christ." (Matt. 23:8-12) For it was in him that the prophetic figures and types found their fulfillment, even as the angel told John that "the bearing witness to Jesus is what inspires prophesying." (Rev. 19:10) Jesus was David's Lord, the greater than Solomon, the prophet greater than Moses. (Luke 20:41-43; Matt. 12:42; Acts 3:19-24) The obeisance rendered those men prefigured that due Christ. Peter therefore rightly refused to let Cornelius make too much of him. So, too, John, by virtue of having been declared righteous or justified by God as an anointed Christian, called to be a heavenly son of God and a member of his Son's kingdom, was in a different relationship to the angel(s) of the revelation than were the Israelites to whom angels earlier appeared. As the apostle Paul had written: "Do you not know that we shall judge angels?" (1 Cor. 6:3) The angel(s) evidently recognized this change of relationship when rejecting John's obeisance. On the other hand, Christ Jesus has been exalted by his Father to a position second only to God, so that "in the name of Jesus every knee should bend of those in heaven and those on earth and those under the ground, and every tongue should openly acknowledge that Jesus Christ is Lord to the glory of God the Father."- Phil. 2:9-11; compare Daniel 7:13, 14, 27."
One Catholic critic has recently stated:
"The point is that legitimate bibles use the word[proskyneo]consistently, and let the reader interpret its meaning - which can mean either our traditional use of the word today - being 'adoration' or simply just 'obeisance'. My point is that the NWT should not impose its theology by dicing up 'proskuneo' between obeisance and worship - one to apply to Jesus and other creatures and the other to God. Translate the Greek word consistently, and then try and explain passages that appear to go against your interpretation. The Watchtower does the exact opposite. It imposes its theology on 'proskuneo' to take the 'difficulty' out of the interpretation. To me, that is an abomination"
He said this after quoting the Jerusalem Bible in passages in Matthew where proskyneo is used toward Jesus. But if this gentleman had checked this up with another Catholic translation the New American Bible of 1986 he might have been more restrained in his comments toward the WTB&TS and the New World Translation. In actual fact the New American Bible is not as consistent as he probably would like. Though the NAB does translate proskyneo as "homage" at Matthew 2:2,8,11; 8:2; 9:18: 14:33; 15:25; 18:26; 20:20; 28:9 it does not do so at Matthew 28:17. Would this critic call the NAB here at this place "an abomination" because of failing to be "consistent" with the other places it translates the word as "homage"? The Revised English Bible has done exactly the same. Another Bible translation that was also not "consistent" at Matthew 28:17 because it rendered proskyneo differently than the other places cited above? See also Barclay's translation. But going back to the New American Translation. If one looks up in how it has translated proskneo at Mark 5:6; Luke 24:52; John 9:38 we can see that it does not measure up to this critic level of consistency for in those places in Mark and Luke it is rendered as "prostrated" and "homage" respectively yet in John 9:38 as "worship." So when the critic says "The point is that legitimate bibles use the word[proskyneo]consistently, and let the reader interpret its meaning" has he not charged the Catholic New American Bible as one that is not "legitimate"? Does he feel that same way toward the New American Bible as he does toward the New World Translation : "To me, that is an abomination." Yet the New American Bible has the nihil obstat and imprimatuer of the Catholic Church. Has he not called an "abomination" that which has the witness of his own Catholic Church that it is a faithful translation of the Holy Word? Of course, neither the New World Translation or any other Bible translation including the New American Bible "dices" up "'proskuneo' between "obeisance" and "worship." Any glance at a good Greek lexicon as can be seen above will make that charge a lie.(See also Hebrews 1:6)
From another source: [basically Hebrew translators and scholars]
Since Mitchell Gray asked the question about "obeisance" and Heb 1:6, I found a specific article on the subject and am posting it for consideration.
Mark Johnson
CERTAIN translations of Hebrews 1:6 say: "Let all the angels of God worship him [Jesus]." (King James Version; The Jerusalem Bible) The apostle Paul evidently quoted the Septuagint, which says at Psalm 97:7: "Worship Him [God] all ye His angels."-C. Thomson. (or, Deut. 32:43 in some Hebrew MSS)
The Greek word proskyneo, rendered "worship" at Hebrews 1:6, is used at Psalm 97:7 in the Septuagint for a Hebrew term, shachah, meaning "to bow down." This can be an acceptable act of respect for humans. (Genesis 23:7; 1 Samuel 24:8; 2 Kings 2:15) Or it can relate to worship of the true God or that wrongly directed to false gods.-Exodus 23:24; 24:1; 34:14; Deuteronomy 8:19. Usually proskyneo given to Jesus corresponds with obeisance to kings and others. (Compare Matthew 2:2, 8; 8:2; 9:18; 15:25; 20:20 with 1 Samuel 25:23, 24; 2 Samuel 14:4-7; 1 Kings 1:16; 2 Kings 4:36, 37.) Often it is clear that obeisance is rendered to Jesus not as God but as "God's Son" or the Messianic "Son of man."-Matthew 14:32, 33; Luke 24:50-52; John 9:35, 38. Hebrews 1:6 relates to Jesus' position under God. (Philippians 2:9-11) Here some versions render proskyneo "pay . . . homage" (The New English Bible), "do obeisance to" (New World Translation), or "bow before" (An American Translation). If one prefers the rendering "worship," such worship is relative, for Jesus told Satan: "It is Jehovah your God you must worship [form of proskyneo], and it is to him alone you must render sacred service."-Matthew 4:8-10. Though Psalm 97:7, which speaks about worshiping God, was applied to Christ at Hebrews 1:6, Paul had shown in context that the resurrected Jesus is "the reflection of [God's] glory and the exact representation of his very being." (Hebrews 1:1-3) So any "worship" the angels give God's Son is relative and is directed through him to Jehovah.
Now what exactly does the Koine Greek word proskyneo mean in English:
The act of bowing, kneeling, prostrating the body, or making some other gesture to betoken submission; or simply the paying of respect. It adequately translates the Hebrew hish·ta·chawah' and the Greek pro·sky·ne'o in many cases.
Hish·ta·chawah' means, basically, "bow down." (Ge 18:2) Such bowing might be done as an act of respect or deference toward another human, as to a king (1Sa 24:8; 2Sa 24:20; Ps 45:11), the high priest (1Sa 2:36), a prophet (2Ki 2:15), or other person of authority (Ge 37:9, 10; 42:6; Ru 2:8-10), to an elder relative (Ge 33:1-6; 48:11, 12; Ex 18:7; 1Ki 2:19), or even to strangers as an expression of courteous regard (Ge 19:1, 2). Abraham bowed down to the Canaanite sons of Heth from whom he sought to buy a burial place. (Ge 23:7) Isaac's blessing on Jacob called for national groups and Jacob's own "brothers" to bow down to him. (Ge 27:29; compare 49:8.) When men started to bow down before David's son Absalom, he grabbed them and kissed them, evidently to further his political ambitions by making a show of putting himself on a level with them. (2Sa 15:5, 6) Mordecai refused to prostrate himself before Haman, not because he viewed the practice as wrong in itself, but doubtless because this high Persian official was an accursed Amalekite by descent.-Es 3:1-6.
From the above examples it is clear that this Hebrew term of itself does not necessarily have a religious sense or signify worship. Nevertheless, in a large number of cases it is used in connection with worship, either of the true God (Ex 24:1; Ps 95:6; Isa 27:13; 66:23) or of false gods. (De 4:19; 8:19; 11:16) Persons might bow down in prayer to God (Ex 34:8; Job 1:20, 21) and often prostrated themselves upon receiving some revelation from God or some expression or evidence of his favor, thereby showing their gratitude, reverence, and humble submission to his will.-Ge 24:23-26, 50-52; Ex 4:31; 12:27, 28; 2Ch 7:3; 20:14-19; compare 1Co 14:25; Re 19:1-4.
Bowing down to humans as an act of respect was admissible, but bowing to anyone other than God (YHWH) as a deity was prohibited by God. (Ex 23:24; 34:14) Similarly, the worshipful bowing down to religious images or to any created thing was positively condemned. (Ex 20:4, 5; Le 26:1; De 4:15-19; Isa 2:8, 9, 20, 21) Thus, in the Hebrew Scriptures, when certain of God (YHWH)'s servants prostrated themselves before angels, they only did so to show they recognized that these were God's representatives, not to render obeisance to them as deities.-Jos 5:13-15; Ge 18:1-3.
Obeisance in the Christian Greek Scriptures. The Greek pro·sky·ne'o corresponds closely to the Hebrew hish·ta·chawah' as to conveying the thought of both obeisance to creatures and worship to God or a deity. The manner of expressing the obeisance is perhaps not so prominent in pro·sky·ne'o as in hish·ta·chawah', where the Hebrew term graphically conveys the thought of prostration or bowing down. Scholars derive the Greek term from the verb ky·ne'o, "kiss." The usage of the word in the Christian Greek Scriptures (as also in the Greek Septuagint translation of the Hebrew Scriptures) shows that persons to whose actions the term is applied prostrated themselves or bowed down.-Mt 2:11; 18:26; 28:9.
As with the Hebrew term, the context must be considered to determine whether pro·sky·ne'o refers to obeisance solely in the form of deep respect or obeisance in the form of religious worship. Where reference is directly to God (Joh 4:20-24; 1Co 14:25; Re 4:10) or to false gods and their idols (Ac 7:43; Re 9:20), it is evident that the obeisance goes beyond that acceptably or customarily rendered to men and enters the field of worship. So, too, where the object of the obeisance is left unstated, its being directed to God is understood. (Joh 12:20; Ac 8:27; 24:11; Heb 11:21; Re 11:1) On the other hand, the action of those of "the synagogue of Satan" who are made to "come and do obeisance" before the feet of Christians is clearly not worship.-Re 3:9.
Obeisance to a human king is found in Jesus' illustration at Matthew 18:26. It is evident that this was the kind of obeisance that the astrologers rendered to the child Jesus, "born king of the Jews," that Herod professed interest in expressing, and that the soldiers mockingly rendered to Jesus before his impalement. They clearly did not view Jesus as God or as a deity. (Mt 2:2, 8; Mr 15:19) While some translators use the word "worship" in the majority of cases where pro·sky·ne'o describes persons' actions toward Jesus, the evidence does not warrant one's reading too much into this rendering. Rather, the circumstances that evoked the obeisance correspond very closely to those producing obeisance to the earlier prophets and kings. (Compare Mt 8:2; 9:18; 15:25; 20:20 with 1Sa 25:23, 24; 2Sa 14:4-7; 1Ki 1:16; 2Ki 4:36, 37.) The very expressions of those involved often reveal that, while they clearly recognized Jesus as God's representative, they rendered obeisance to him, not as to God or a deity, but as "God's Son," the foretold "Son of man," the Messiah with divine authority. On many occasions their obeisance expressed a gratitude for divine revelation or evidence of favor like that expressed in earlier times.-Mt 14:32, 33; 28:5-10, 16-18; Lu 24:50-52; Joh 9:35, 38.
While earlier prophets and also angels had accepted obeisance, Peter stopped Cornelius from rendering such to him, and the angel or angels of John's vision twice stopped John from doing so, referring to himself as "a fellow slave" and concluding with the exhortation to "worship God [toi The·oi' pro·sky'ne·son]." (Ac 10:25, 26; Re 19:10; 22:8, 9) Evidently Christ's coming had brought in new relationships affecting standards of conduct toward others of God's servants. He taught his disciples that "one is your teacher, whereas all you are brothers . . . your Leader is one, the Christ" (Mt 23:8-12), for it was in him that the prophetic figures and types found their fulfillment, even as the angel told John that "the bearing witness to Jesus is what inspires prophesying." (Re 19:10) Jesus was David's Lord, the greater than Solomon, the prophet greater than Moses. (Lu 20:41-43; Mt 12:42; Ac 3:19-24) The obeisance rendered those men prefigured that due Christ. Peter therefore rightly refused to let Cornelius make too much of him.
So, too, John, by virtue of having been declared righteous or justified by God as an anointed Christian, called to be a heavenly son of God and a member of the Kingdom, was in a different relationship to the angel(s) of Revelation than were the Israelites to the angels that had earlier appeared to them. The angel(s) evidently recognized this change of relationship when rejecting John's obeisance.-Compare 1Co 6:3; see DECLARE RIGHTEOUS.
Obeisance to the glorified Jesus Christ. On the other hand, Christ Jesus has been exalted by his Father to a position second only to God, so that "in the name of Jesus every knee should bend of those in heaven and those on earth and those under the ground, and every tongue should openly acknowledge that Jesus Christ is Lord to the glory of God the Father." (Php 2:9-11; compare Da 7:13, 14, 27.) Hebrews 1:6 also shows that even the angels render obeisance to the resurrected Jesus Christ. Many translations of this text here render pro·sky·ne'o as "worship," while some render it by such expressions as "bow before" (AT; Yg) and 'pay homage' (NE). No matter what English term is used, the original Greek remains the same and the understanding of what it is that the angels render to Christ must accord with the rest of the Scriptures. Jesus himself emphatically stated to Satan that "it is God (YHWH) your God you must worship [form of pro·sky·ne'o], and it is to him alone you must render sacred service." (Mt 4:8-10; Lu 4:7, Similarly, the angel(s) told John to "worship God" (Re 19:10; 22:9), and this injunction came after Jesus' resurrection and exaltation, showing that matters had not changed in this regard. True, Psalm 97, which the apostle evidently quotes at Hebrews 1:6, refers to God (YHWH) God as the object of the 'bowing down,' and still this text was applied to Christ Jesus. (Ps 97:1, 7) However, the apostle previously had shown that the resurrected Christ is "the reflection of [God's] glory and the exact representation of his very being." (Heb 1:1-3) Hence, if what we understand as "worship" is apparently directed to the Son by angels, it is in reality being directed through him to God (YHWH) God, the Sovereign Ruler, "the One who made the heaven and the earth and sea and fountains of waters." (Re 14:7; 4:10, 11; 7:11, 12; 11:16, 17; compare 1Ch 29:20; Re 5:13, 14; 21:22.) On the other hand, the renderings "bow before" and 'pay homage' (instead of "worship") are in no way out of harmony with the original language, either the Hebrew of Psalm 97:7 or the Greek of Hebrews 1:6, for such translations convey the basic sense of both hish·ta·chawah' and pro·sky·ne'o.
(2) The bible reveals that many worship false gods without knowing it due to failure to check what they are really worshiping. See:
1 Corinthians 10:20, "No; but I say that what the Gentiles sacrifice, 'they sacrifice to devils and not to God'; and I would not have you become associates of devils." (The Confracternity Edition of The New Testament)
Habakkuk 2:18, "What doth the graven thing avail, because the maker thereof hath graven it, a molten, and a false image? Because the forger thereof hath trusted in a thing of his own forging, to make dumb idols." (DRCB).
(3) Let's see what most mainstream religions through the ages have in common be they so called Christian or pagan? Absolutely, history shows that one mainstream religion evolved into another one while maintaining many of the beliefs of the one before it, but simply changing the name of the God(s). No where is this more self evident than with respect to the doctrine of the Trinity. In has been with us since at least the time of ancient Sumeria as shown by The historian H. W. F. Saggs explains that the Babylonian triad consisted of three gods of roughly equal rank. Their "inter-relationship is of the essence of their natures." Is this positive proof that the Christian trinity descended from the ancient Sumerian, Assyrian, and Babylonian triads? (*1). No. However, Hislop furthers the comparison: "In the unity of that One, Only God of the Babylonians there were three persons, and to symbolize that doctrine of the trinity they employed...the equilateral triangle, just as it is well known the Romish Church does at this day." (*2).
Yes, the concept of a trinity has been a prevailing belief for a very, very long time perhaps longer than most Christians would imagine. While worshipping innumerable minor deities, triads of gods appeared in all the ancient cultures of Sumer, Babylonia, Egypt, India, Greece and finally Rome. The "mysteries" of the first universal civilization, Babylonia, were transported down in time. The names of the gods changed. The details of ancient incomprehensible religions changed, but the essential ideas were the same. The Sumerians worshipped Anu (the Father), Enlil (the god of earth) and Enki (the lord of wisdom). The Egyptians worshipped Amun who was really three gods in one: Re was his face; Ptah his body and Amun his hidden identity "combined as three embodiments or aspects of one supreme and triune deity." (*4 - page 201).
Now with respect the next evolution of mainstream religion, the Egyptian, Egypt's history is nearly as old as Sumeria's. In his Egyptian Myths, George Hart shows how Egypt also believed in a "transcendental, above creation, and preexisting" one, the god Amun. Amun was really three gods in one. Re was his face; Ptah his body; and Amun his hidden identity (*3). The well-known historian Will Durant concurs: "In later days Ra [sic], Amon [sic], and Ptah were combined as three embodiments or aspects of one supreme and triune deity." (*4). A hymn to Amun written in the 14th century BC distinguishes the Egyptian trinity: "All Gods are three: Amun, Re, Ptah: they have no equal. His name is hidden as Amun, he is Re before [men], and his body is Ptah." (*5). Certainly is not this positive indicator that the Christian trinity descended from the ancient Egyptian triads? However, Durant submits that "from Egypt came the idea of a divine trinity..." (*6). Laing agrees when he says that "it is probable that the worship of the Egyptian triad Isis, Serapis, and the child Horus helped to familiarize the ancients with the idea of a triune God and was not without influence in the formulation of the doctrine of the trinity as set forth in the Nicene and Athanasian creeds." (*7). And The Encyclopedia of Religions goes even farther when it states that as Christianity "came in contact with the triune gods of Egypt and the Near East, it developed a trinity of its own." (* .
The next evolution or more correctly one concurrent with the Egyptian but originating also from the early Sumeria was the Babylonian. A very important evolution of spread originated from the Babylonian trinity that ultimately spread to Rome by way of the Etrusans. The Etruscans were a group that all indicators indicate as having originated in Babylon. As they slowly passed through Greece and went on to Rome, they brought with them their trinity of Tinia, Uni, and Menerva (*9). This trinity was a "new idea to the Romans," and yet it became so "typical of Rome [that] it was imitated in the capitolia of Italy. . . (*7 - page 26)" Even the names of the Roman trinity: Jupiter, Juno, and Minerva, reflect the ancestry. Is this positive proof that the Christian trinity descended from the Etruscan and Roman triads? No, but an extremely significant indicator of this fact. However, Dr. Gordon Laing convincingly devotes his entire book Survivals of the Roman Gods to the comparison of Roman Paganism and the Roman Catholic Church. (*7). Pelikan adds to Laing's work when he states that the early church fathers used and cited the Roman Sibylline Oracles so much that these were called "Sibyllists" by the 2nd century critic Celsus. (*10). There was even a medieval hymn, "Dies irae" which prophesied the coming of the day of wrath on the "dual authority of David and the Sibyl." (*10 - page 64-65).
Now let's consider the ancient Grecian world; And in order to fully understand it, we need to digress to gaining an understanding of the origins of the word Trinity and the two types that existed in the ancient world and evolved into the Trinity of mainstream so called Christian religions. First, the word trinity comes from the kemetic language. It consist actually of two words: hemt (three) and neter (which carries the concepts of gods). Therefore, Trinity defines a concept of three gods.
Ths pantheon of Gods is composed of two categories of Gods. We have the creator and self-created Gods on one side and the creator gods that are non autogenic on the other. The creator Gods that are self-created are those who form the first group of trinities. The gods that are not self-created then form the second group of trinities. The Gods of the second trinity exist only in the context of a group of Gods composed of a God-father, a Goddess-mother, and a God-son. They are somehow considered very close to the human nature. The original second group of trinities came from a story known as the holy drama, and is composed by a God-father called Wsr (Osiris) and a goddess-mother Aishat (Isthar or Isis) and the God-son Heru (Horus). It is the second group of trinities that taught humanity the concept of a family, giving a man and woman the idea of a spiritual union with the goal of procreation. We should observe that the importance of the trinities is such that they became a serious problem for the monotheistic religions that are stubbornly talking about the creation of the world by one single god while they are still maintaining the concept of a trinity.
The ancient Trinities of the Greek's were composed of the God-son Perseus, born from Zeus and Danae; Hercules born from Zeus and Alcmene; Apollo born from Zeus and Leto; Dionysos born from Zeus and Semele; Minos born from Zeus and Europe; Aesculapius born from Apollo and Coronis. (*11).
It if from an evolutionary merging of ancient Greek trinities and Roman trinities that in themselves partially evolved from the Greek, but with a precedence being taken by the Etruscans' of their trinity of Tinia, Uni, and Menerva. (*9). This trinity as previously mentioned, became the ancient Roman Trinity of Jupiter, Juno, and Minerva, which was campaigned by the mainstream religions of the empire of that era. Even the names of the gods in this Trinity reflect from whence it came. (*7). This one is of extreme importance to us of the modern era as it evolved into the Trinity of the mainstream so called Christian religions of today. This Trinity consisted of Jesus born from Yahweh and Mary. However, this new concept of trinities that is presented by the new Christian authorities only comes to add on the contradictions that were undermining the psychological stability of the human of the modern society. The Trinity of the modern time that the religions want us to accept is composed of a God-father, a God-son and a mother that is purely human and considered virgin. (*11).
However since the mother, the Virgin Mary, she is a human, she cannot be classified as a Goddess, and that will not complete the concept of trinity. In this evolution, the religious authorities had to use a little creativity to overcome this; the concept of personalizing the power or force of the supreme God (YHWH), Yahweh. To do this, something new had to enter the equation. What was this?
Whereas, the Gods of the first trinities stayed really far away from the philosophical and political arguments of the society, but the leaders used that fact to kind of drown them in the collective memory of the society. The world has been created in stages. The Gods of the first trinity are recognized by the fact that the first two of them have created the four elements (fire, air, water and matter) and the third God has used them to fashion and create everything that exists. The gods of the first trinity do not intervene in our daily lives, but they guarantee the harmony of the universe. They some-how occupy a very important place in the spiritual essence of anything that exists. By recognizing their exist-ence, we are illuminating the universal conscious on the makers of this world that we are trying to redefine. (*11).
At this point, we need to pause and regress a little. One may ask, How do we know these trinities are not just misrepresentations of the real threeness of God? (After all there were "flood stories" in every culture too reminiscent of the Genesis account.) Assyrian clay tablets now available have most strikingly confirmed the narrative of Scripture which give us revealing insight into our questions (*12). Where did the idea of a three-in-one God originate? After the flood, Nimrod a descendent of Noah's son Ham settled in Asia: "And Cush begat Nimrod: he began to be a mighty one in the earth. He was a mighty hunter before the LORD and the beginning of his kingdom was Babel out of that land went forth Asshur [mar., "he went out into Assyria"] and builded Nineveh" (Genesis 10:8-11). "Mighty hunter" was the title given to the great conquering warrior-monarchs of the time. In rebellion of God's command to disburse and people the earth, Nimrod built the Tower of Babel, became very powerful and was even worshipped. We now know the ancient Babylonians worshipped the first person in the Godhead, the Great Invisible, also the Spirit of God incarnate in the human mother and also the Divine Son. Nimrod was this "Son," the first king of Babel, Babylon. And so in this the first notion of a triune God was born. (*7).
In the immediate centuries before the advent of Jesus Christ, we see Plato even in his deeply philosophical mode proposing a trinity of sorts. ("The Supreme Reality appears in the trinitarian form of the Good, the Intelligence, and the World-Soul"). Through all cultures, this perversion of the truth about God was handed down. (*7).
One God (YHWH), One culture, however, escaped this corruption of truth. From the line of Shem, Noah's other son, Abraham was called out of "Ur of the Chaldees" (Genesis 11:31; 12:1,2), the ancient Babylonian empire. His descendants were given the revelation of God by Moses from Mount Sinai. "Hear, O Israel: The LORD our God is one LORD" (Deuteronomy 6:4). No Hebrew scripture supports the idea of a trinity god. Some verses have been pressed into use by Trinitarians, but without success. For example, in the creation account, Genesis says, "God [elohim, plural.] created the heavens and the earth" (1:1). However, the plural does not have to do with number; it is "plentitude of might" (Pentateuch & Haftorahs, The Soncino Press). In any case, the verb "created" is singular, and would not indicate two gods, let alone three. Even the New Catholic Encyclopedia admits that the doctrine of the Trinity is not taught in the Old Testament (Vol. XIV, 306). And the world renown "International Standard Bible Encyclopedia" says, under the article on the Trinity in it, "The term 'Trinity' is NOT a biblical term....In point of fact, the doctrine of the Trinity is a purely revealed doctrine...As the doctrine of the Trinity is indiscoverable by reason, so it is incapable of proof from reason." (*14).
While he walked the earth, Jesus clearly acknowledged, "My Father is greater than I" (*15) and that it was his Father who sent him, "He that receiveth you receiveth me, and he that receiveth me receiveth him that sent me" (*16). He consistently acknowledged God as the source of power for his miracles and finally implored his Father, "yet not my will but thine be done." (*17) he be the one sent and also the Sender and why would he pray to himself that not his will but His other will be done? It seems the Trinitarians only answer, "It's a mystery"?
If the trinity is supposed to be an unexplainable "mystery," why do the apostles always talk about revealing mysteries to Christians? "I would not have you ignorant of this mystery [about Jewish blindness] (*1 the revelation of the mystery (*19) the mystery hidden God hath revealed (*20 1 Corinthians 2:7) Behold I show you a mystery (*21) "having made known the mystery of his will" (*22) "to make known the mystery of Christ" (*23) "make known what is the riches of the glory of this mystery among the Gentiles; which is Christ in you, the hope of glory" (*24), etc. So how did the Christian Church accept a mystery of a trinity? This will be shown in the next part.
HISTORY OF POLITICAL INTRIGUE AND DECEIT THAT EVOLVED THE TRINITY INTO SO CALLED CHRISTIANITY:
To understand how the Trinity wormed its way into so called Christianity we need to know the political and social climate of the first three centuries after the passing of Jesus (Yeshua) and his apostles, and why true faith deteriorated into compromise; and then total acceptance by the mainstream so called Christian groups, not withstanding its violation of the Word of God, the Holy Bible. Now let's look at that period and try an insert ourselves mentally into it.
In the early church the apostles needed to refute another rising belief system gnosticism. It considered matter to be evil and sought salvation through knowledge. Gnosticism also focused on the "mysteries" meant only for the intellectuals to understand. Christ, the gnostics said, entered Jesus at baptism and left just before he died on the cross. The Apostle John particularly addressed this budding heresy: "Many false prophets, have gone forth into the world, You gain knowledge of the inspired expression from God by this: Every inspired expression that confesses Jesus Christ as having come in the flesh originates with God, but every inspired expression that does not confess Jesus does not originate with God. Furthermore, this is the anti-christ's [inspired expression] which you have heard was coming, and now it is already in the world." (*25). Jesus' humanity was repulsive to gnostics. After the Apostles died, Christians responded to gnosticism by claiming not only did Jesus Christ come in the flesh as the Son of God.
By the third and fourth centuries, Christians were weary of Pagan persecution. The temptation was to compromise. Besides, the Pagan emperor Constantine needed Christians to salvage his shaky empire. Constantine embraced; howbeit only on his deathbed. However, he saw Christianity as a tool he could use to firm up his shaky empire. To this opportunity for political intrigue, and happy blend of politics and people was the chief triumvirate of Roman gods Jupiter, Juno and Minerva. Jupiter was the principal deity of Roman mythology and Juno was the next highest divinity. Minerva, the "offspring of the brain of Jupiter" was regarded as the "personification of divine thought, the plan of the material universe of which Jupiter was the creator and Juno the representative" (26). Many Pagan ideas, in fact, were incorporated into Christianity. "Christianity did not destroy paganism; it adopted it" (*26).
Roman Emperor Constantine needed to make his subjects feel secure if he were to maintain control of the empire; he wanted to rule a unified empire, be it pagan and/or Christian. But first he would have to find a way to end the dispute over the divinity of Jesus-was he a man or God? So he ordered his Christian bishops to meet at Nicaea in 325 A.D. to settle the matter once and for all. To do this, "he made himself the head of the church, and thus the problems of the church became his responsibilities. As a whole the Western Empire with its Roman influence, with some exceptions, had accepted Tertullian and his new theory of the Trinity in the early part of the previous century, but in the East the church adhered more closely to the older formula of baptism in the name of Jesus, or Jesus the Christ. Especially was this true with the Armenians, who specified that baptism "into the death of Christ" was that which alone was essential (*28) .
Now let's see how Constantine got the Trinity. As previously shown, The Roman Empire at this time was being torn apart by religious differences between pagans, mostly Sun God worshippers, and Christianity. Constantine the Emporer was a worshipper of the Unconquered Sun, but he was a very pragmatic individual and saw the need to bring religious unity to his empire. The central doctrine of the pagans was the dogma of a Trinity that they had received from earlier pagans in Babylon (Chaldea). In this, the pagan Emperor, Constantine, saw a possibility for unifying his empire if he could only lead the majority of the Christians to accept a Trinity or a Duality. He knew however that he had to make them think it was their own idea. To this end, he, the Roman emperor Constantine summoned all bishops to Nicaea, about 300, but even though it was the emperor's direction, only a fraction actually attended.
This council went on for a very long time and the emperor worked behind the scene to get support for a Trinity or a Duality. This effort was not completely successful, but finally he got a majority and declared under imperial degree
that this hence forth would be the central doctrinal pillar of the Christian church, which by this time was apostate. Even with this declaration by the emperor himself not all bishops signed the creed. (*29).
So is was the political product of an apostate church, an apostate church that allowed a pagan Roman Emporer, Constantine, to tell it which dogma to accept at the Council of Nicea in 325 A.D., and then have it rammed down their throats as blessed dogma by another Roman Emporer, Theodosius, at the Council of Constantinople in 381 A.D. This in direct violation of God's (YHWH's) word found in the Bible " Ye adulterers and adulteresses, know ye not that the friendship of the world is enmity with God? whosoever therefore will be a friend of the world is the enemy of God." (James 4:4 AV), " If ye were of the world, the world would love his own: but because ye are not of the world, but I have chosen you out of the world, therefore the world hateth you." (John 15:19 AV).
Their solution was to create a creed making it illegal for anyone to believe Jesus was not the same as God by inventing the notion of a Trinity. This intellectual tower remained in full force for well over a thousand years, until the Reformation. (*29).
Contrary to popular belief, it was not Constantine's fourth century Council of Nicea in A.D. 325 that formalized the "Doctrine of the Trinity." The Athanasian Creed in the fifth century finally included the three, "the godhead of the Father, of the Son, and of the Holy Ghost...the glory equal, the majesty co-eternal So likewise the Father is God, the Son is God and the Holy Ghost is God; and yet they are not three Gods, but one God." Furthermore, this creed added that belief in the trinity "is necessary to everlasting salvation." Strong belief led to action. "Probably more Christians were slaughtered by Christians in these two years ([A.D.]342-3) than by all the persecutions of Christians by pagans in the history of Rome." (*30).
The fact is Christianity never conquered paganism--paganism conquered Christianity. (*31).
SUMMARY AND CONCLUSION OF DISCOURSE ON MAINSTREAM RELIGION:
The search for the origins of the Trinity begins with the earliest writings of man. Records of early Mesopotamian and Mediterranean civilizations show polytheistic religions, though many scholars assert that earliest man believed in one god. The 19th century scholar and Protestant minister, Alexander Hislop, devotes several chapters of his book The Two Babylons (*2) to showing how this original belief in one god was replaced by the triads of paganism which were eventually absorbed into Catholic Church dogmas. A more recent Egyptologist, Erick Hornung, refutes the original monotheism of Egypt: '[Monotheism is] a phenomenon restricted to the wisdom texts,' which were written between 2600 and 2530 BC (50-51); but there is no question that ancient man believed in 'one infinite and Almighty Creator, supreme over all' (*2); and in a multitude of gods at a later point. Nor is there any doubt that the most common grouping of gods was a triad. (*32).
As the apostles died, various writers undertook the task of defending Christianity against the persecutions evoked by the Church's expansion. (*10)
The most famous of these Apologists was Justin Martyr (c.107-166 AD). He was born a pagan, became a pagan philosopher, then a Christian. He believed that Christianity and Greek Philosophy were related. According to McGiffert, "Justin insisted that Christ came from God; he did not identify him with God. . . [He] conceiv[ed] of God as a transcendent being, who could not possibly come into contact with the world of men and things." (*10).
An exhaustive review of Scripture and history reveals the simple fact that the Trinity teaching was unknown to the early New Testament Christians. That the doctrine of the Trinity is a "borrowed doctrine" and foreign to the Scriptures is supported by many authorities. Under the article Trinity we read, "The term 'Trinity' is not a biblical term...In point of fact, the doctrine of the Trinity is a purely revealed doctrine...As the doctrine of the Trinity is indiscoverable by reason, so it is incapable of proof from reason" (*14).
As can readily be seen from the foregoing, even the concept of the Trinity came from the pagan world, and the Bible shows " In whom the god of this world hath blinded the minds of them which believe not, lest the light of the glorious gospel of Christ, who is the image of God, should shine unto them." (*33) is trying to keep out the glorious gospel of Christ. Satan the Devil is slipping false dogma in its place. Do not be trapped by him, reject false dogma of the Trinity.
REFERENCES:
*1 - Saggs,H. W. F. "The Greatness that was Babylon: A Sketch of the Ancient Civilization of the Tigris-Euphrates Valley." New York: New American Library. 1968.
*2 - Hislop, Alexander. "The Two Babylons: Or, the Papal Worship." 1853. 2nd American ed. Neptune: Loizeaux. 1959.
*3 - Hart, George. "Egyptian Myths." Austin: U of Texas. 1990.
*4 - Durant, Will. "Our Oriental Heritage". New York: Simon. 1935. Vol. 1 of The Story of Civilization.11 vols. 1935-75. (page 201)
*5 - Hornung, Erik. "Conceptions of God in Ancient Egypt: The One and the Many." Trans. John Baines. Ithaca: Cornell UP. 1982.
*6 - Durant, Will. "Caesar and Christ." New York: Simon. 1944. Vol. 3 of The Story of Civilization. 11 vols. 1935-75. (page 595)
*7 - Laing, Gordon Jennings. "Survivals of Roman Religion.". New York: Cooper Square Publishers. 1963.
*8 - The Encyclopedia of Religions.
*9 - Carter, Jesse Benedict. "The Religious Life of Ancient Rome: A Study in the Development of Religious Consciousness, from the Foundation of the City Until the Death of Gregory the Great." New York: Cooper Square Publishers. 1972. (page 16-19).
*10 - Pelikan, Jaroslav. "The Emergence of the Catholic Tradition" (100-600). Chicago: U of Chicago P. 1971. Vol. 1 of "The Christian Tradition: A History of the Development of Doctrine." 5 vols.
*11 -
*11 - Morodenibig, Naba Lamoussa. "Light From the Trinities."
*12 - Edersheim Bible History (page 59-62).
*13 - New Catholic Encyclopedia, (Vol. XIV, 306).
*14 - International Encyclopedia of the Bible," Vol. 5, (page 3012).
*15 - The New Chain-Reference Bible, 4 th. Ed. (King James Bible), (page 116 in NT, John 14:29)
*16 - The Holy Bible (King James Bible), American Bible Society, NY (page 10 in NT, Matthew 10:40).
*17 - The Holy Bible, The Douay Version of the OT-The Confraternity Edition of the NT, John C. Winton Co., Philadelphia, Pa., (page 109 in NT, St. Luke 22:42).
*18 - The Holy Bible, The Douay Version of the OT-The Confraternity Edition of the NT, John C. Winton Co., Philadelphia, Pa., (page 205 in NT, Romans 11:25).
*19 - The Holy Bible, The Douay Version of the OT-The Confraternity Edition of the NT, John C. Winton Co., Philadelphia, Pa., (page 210 in NT, Romans 16:25)
*20 - The Holy Bible, The Douay Version of the OT-The Confraternity Edition of the NT, John C. Winton Co., Philadelphia, Pa., (page 213 in NT, 1 Corinthians 2:7).
*21 - The Holy Bible, The Douay Version of the OT-The Confraternity Edition of the NT, John C. Winton Co., Philadelphia, Pa., (page 227 in NT,1 Corinthians 15:51).
*22 - The New Chain-Reference Bible, 4 th. Ed. (King James Bible), (page 202 in NT, Ephesians 1:9).
*23 - The New Chain-Reference Bible, 4 th. Ed. (King James Bible), (page 206 in NT, Ephesians 6:19).
*24 - The New Chain-Reference Bible, 4 th. Ed. (King James Bible), (page 210 in NT, Colossians 1:27).
*25 - New World Translation of the Holy Scriptures, 1984 revision, (pages 1517 and 1519, 1 John 7; also 1 John 4:1-3).
*26 - McClintock & Strong's Cyclopedia of Biblical, Theological, and Ecclesiastical Literature, Vol. 6
*27 - Lamson, Newton & Durant, Will, "Caesar and Christ," cited from Charles Redeker Caesar and Christ, W. Duran (page 595).
*28 - ENCYLOPEDIA BRITANNICA, 11th Edition, Vol. 3, (page 366).
*29 - Payne, Robert, "The Holy Fire: The Story of the Early Centuries of the Christian Churches in the Near East" (1957); BETHUNE-BAKER, J,F. "An Introduction to the Early History of Christian Doctrine". Methuen; 5th Ed., 1933 and ENCYLOPEDIA BRITANNICA, 11th Edition, Vol. 3, (page 366); David, Francis and Blandrata, Georgio, "De falsa et vera unius Dei Patris, Filii, et Spiritus Sancti cognitone" [Latin](The False and True Knowledge of the Unity of God the Father, Son, and Holy spirit), 1566 A.D.; Eklof, Todd F., "David's Francis Tower, Strength through Peace," (06-16-02); The New Encyclopedia Britannica: " Micropædia, Vol. X, p. 126. (1976); Parkes, James, "The Foundation of Judaism and Christianity," 1960; Durant, Will. "Caesar and Christ." New York: Simon. 1944. Vol. 3 of The Story of Civilization. 11 vols. 1935-75.
*30 - Durant, Will, "Age of Faith,"
*31 - Jonas, Hans, "The Gnostic religion: the message of the alien God and the beginnings of Christianity," 2nd ed., 1963.
*32 - Hagensick, Cher-El L, "The Origin of the Trinity: From Paganism to Constantine."
*33 - The Holy Bible (King James Bible), American Bible Society, NY (page 185, 2 Corinthians 4:4).
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COMBINATION OF THE SCRIPTURE OF THE DAY AND THE RARE FRUIT TREES AND VEGETABLES. With the Scripture of the Day first.
[1] SCRIPTURE OF THE DAY [VOL. 244A]
For this is the love of God, that we keep his commandments: and his commandments are not grievous. 1 John 5:3, [authorized King James Bible; AV]
Yes, John 14:23 – 24, [AV] “Jesus answered and said unto him, If a man love me, he will keep my words: and my Father will love him, and we will come unto him, and make our abode with him. 24 He that loveth me not keepeth not my sayings: and the word which ye hear is not mine, but the Father’s which sent me.” This same truth is stated at 2 John 6, [AV] “And this is love, that we walk after his commandments. This is the commandment, That, as ye have heard from the beginning, ye should walk in it.” And Deueronomy 5:28 - 29, [AV] “And the LORD heard the voice of your words, when ye spake unto me; and the LORD said unto me, I have heard the voice of the words of this people, which they have spoken unto thee: they have well said all that they have spoken. 29 O that there were such an heart in them, that they would fear me, and keep all my commandments always, that it might be well with them, and with their children for ever!” Almighty God (YHWH) requires of us, Micah 6:8, [AV] “He hath shewed thee, O man, what is good; and what doth the LORD require of thee, but to do justly, and to love mercy, and to walk humbly with thy God?”
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[2] THE RARE FRUIT TREES AND VEGETABLES:
Here is a Commentary on Bountiful Trees and Vegetables God (YHWH) has provided for mankind, specifically the Marula bears small round shaped fruit; (green in colour when unripe) that ripens to a yellow colour and can be harvested by being collected from the ground from January to March. According to Matt Marten operations manager of MNP, an analysis of the ripe fruit in the 2004 season yielded the following results: Average weight of 19.6g, peel of 31.6 %, stone 33.7% and pulp of 34.7%. The pulp is used as a base for juices, jams, jellies, ciders and alcohol drinks. The peel of the fruit is believed to have more than 27 different kinds of flavours and contains ten newly-isolated volatile esters that may be able to be extracted for use in aromatherapy, homeopathic medicines and essential oils and the freeze dried pulp of the marula fruit can be used in a number of cosmetic applications. Other products are the marula tea and as flavourant for ice –creams, etc. The fruit pulp contains up to four times vitamin C than oranges. Even though this fruit is seasonal, it can be processed into pulp in large volumes and stored frozen for a period of over a year. [source - retrieved from on 4/25/2014]
Sclerocarya birrea, the marula, (Greek skl?rós, "hard", and káryon, "nut", in reference to the stone inside the fleshy fruit) is a medium-ized dioecious tree, indigenous to the miombo woodlands of Southern Africa, the Sudano-Sahelian range of West Africa, and Madagascar. The tree is a single stemmed tree with a wide spreading crown. It is characterised by a grey mottled bark. The tree grows up to 18 m tall mostly in low altitudes and open woodlands. The fruitsare used in the liqueur Amarula. The distribution of this species throughout Africa and Madagascar has followed the Bantu in their migrations, as it has been an important item in their diet since time immemorial.
The fruits which ripen between December and March have a light yellow skin, with white flesh, rich in vitamin C—about eight times the amount found in an orange—are succulent, tart with a strong and distinctive flavour.[2] Inside is a walnut-sized, thick-walled stone. These stones, when dry, expose the seeds by shedding 2 (sometimes 3) small circular plugs at one end. The seeds have a delicate nutty flavour and are much sought after, especially by small rodents who know to gnaw exactly where the plugs are located.
Relationships: Belongs to the same family Anacardiaceae as the mango, cashew, pistachio and sumac, and is closely related to the genus Poupartia from Madagascar.
Common names:
Tshivenda:mafula
English: jelly plum, cat thorn, morula, cider tree, marula, maroola nut/plum
Afrikaans: Maroela[3]
Bambara: nkuna, nkuntan
Portuguese (Mozambique): canhoeiro
Hausa: dania
Sotho: Morula[3]
Swahili: mng'ongo
Shona: mutsomo, mukwakwa, mushomo, muganu, mupfura; [fruits] pfura; [tree] mufura, mafuna, marula
Tswana: Morula[3]
Northern/Southern Ndebele: iganu, ikanyi, umganu, umkano
Swazi: [fruits] emaganu, [tree] umganu
Zulu: Umganu,[3] [fruits] amaganu, [seeds, tree] umganu
Other: Boran (Kenya) – didissa ; Kamba (Kenya) – muua; Kwangali – ufuongo; Lovedu – marula; Maasai (Kenya) – ol-mangwai; Meru (Kenya) – mura; Pedi [fruits] – lerula, marula; Pedi [tree] – morula, merula; Pokot (Kenya) – oruluo; Ronga (Mozambique) – ncanhi; Sebei (Kenya) – katetalum; Shangaan – nkanyi, inkanyi; Diga (Kenya) – mngongo; Tonga: tsua, tsula, umganu; Tugen (Kenya) – tololokwo; Dinka (Sudan) – Gummel; Nuer (Sudan) – Kamel, Omel; Moru (Sudan) – Kyele; Luo (Kenya) Ong'ono.
The Marula tree is protected in South Africa.[3]
Traditional Uses
While little known globally, the fruit is traditionally used for food in Africa, and has considerable socioeconomic importance.[4]
The seed kernels are high in protein and fat, with a subtle nutty flavour, and constitute an important emergency food. Marula oil, made from the seed kernel, is a delicious additive to meals in Africa. It contains antioxidants and oleic acid. The bark is used both as treatment and a prophylaxis for malaria. An infusion of the inner bark of the marula tree may be applied toscorpion stings and snake bites to alleviate pain. The leaves are chewed on to help indigestion and to treat heartburn. Marula oil, made from the seed kernel, can be used as a type of skin care oil. Products of fruits and the tree are useful in crafts and agriculture. Gums exudates from the stem are mixed with water and soot to make ink by certain tribes in the region. The bark also yields a red-brown dye used in colouring traditional craft ware. The fruit infusion is used to bathe tick-infested livestock. The fruit is regarded as a potent insecticide
Commercial Uses
On an industrial level the fruit of the marula tree is collected from the wild by members of rural communities on whose land the trees grow. This harvest and sale of fruit only occurs during two to three months but is an important income to poor rural people. The fruit is delivered to processing plants where fruit pulp, pips, kernels and kernel oil are extracted and stored for processing throughout the year.
The most important industrial product is Amarula which is probably still the second largest selling cream liquor in the world. Mirma, based in Phalaborwa, assembles and processes 4,000 tons a year of fruit. They produce a pulp from the skin and flesh which is refrigerated and shipped to Distel in the Cape Winelands. Here it is fermented, distilled, matured, blended and bottled before being internationally distributed.
Another fruit based product is a frozen marula puree, which is produced by Bronpro in Nelspruit. Bronpro supply puree to food manufacturers who use it as an ingredient in their products. The best known of these products is Marula Mania a juice blend produced by The Ceres Beverage Company under the Liquifruit label.
The third largest marula fruit based industry, is the production of marula oil as an ingredient for cosmetics. This tends to be scattered amongst many producers although PhytoTrade Africa is probably the leading "supplier" to the cosmetics industry through its integration of the production of many producers.
Popular culture
The alcoholic distilled beverage (maroela mampoer) made from the fruit is referenced in the stories of the South African writer Herman Charles Bosman.
The marula fruit is also eaten by various animals in Southern Africa. In the movie Animals Are Beautiful People by Jamie Uys, released in 1974, some scenes portray elephants, warthogs and monkeys becoming intoxicated from eating fermented marula fruit. Later research showed that these scenes, at least in large animals were improbable and, in all probability, staged. Elephants would need a huge amount of fermented marulas to have any effect on them, and other animals prefer the ripe fruit. The amount of water drunk by elephants each day would also dilute the effect of the fruit to such an extent that they would not be affected by it.[5] Reports of elephants becoming intoxicated from marula fruit, however, are persistent.[6]
References
1. Jump up^ "Entry for Sclerocarya birrea". JSTOR Global Plants. JSTOR. Retrieved 2014-01-12.
2. Jump up^ Wickens, G. E.; Food and Agriculture Organization (1995). "Potential Edible Nuts". Edible Nuts. Non-Wood Forest Products 5. Rome: Food and Agriculture Organization. ISBN 92-5-103748-5. OCLC 34529770. Retrieved 2008-11-10.
3. ^ Jump up to:a b c d e "Protected Trees". Department of Water Affairs and Forestry, Republic of South Africa. 3 May 2013.
4. Jump up^ National Research Council (2008-01-25). "Marula". Lost Crops of Africa: Volume III: Fruits. Lost Crops of Africa 3. Washington, D.C.: National Academies Press.ISBN 978-0-309-10596-5. OCLC 34344933. Retrieved 2008-07-17.
5. Jump up^ Morris, Steve; David Humphreys and Dan Reynolds (2006). "Myth, marula, and elephant: an assessment of voluntary ethanol intoxication of the African elephant (Loxodonta africana) following feeding on the fruit of the marula tree (Sclerocarya birrea)". Physiological and Biochemical Zoology 79 (2): 363–9. doi:10.1086/499983.PMID 16555195. Retrieved 2012-07-30.
6. Jump up^ Couper, Ross. "Elephants drunk on native fruit at South Africa's Singita Sabi Sand". Retrieved 25 April 2014. [source - retrieved from on 4/25/2014]
In Genesis 1:11-13, "And God said, Let the earth put forth grass, herbs yielding seed, and fruit-trees bearing fruit after their kind, wherein is the seed thereof, upon the earth: and it was so. 12 And the earth brought forth grass, herbs yielding seed after their kind, and trees bearing fruit, wherein is the seed thereof, after their kind: and God saw that it was good. 13 And there was evening and there was morning, a third day. (American Standard Version, ASV)[for more details, go to www.jw.org].
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COMBINATION OF [1] THE SCRIPTURE OF THE DAY AND [2]
[1] SCRIPTURE OF THE DAY [VOL. 245A]
That the trial of your faith, being much more precious than of gold that perisheth, though it be tried with fire, might be found unto praise and honour and glory at the appearing of Jesus Christ: 1 Peter 1:7, [authorized King James Bible; AV]
Yes, He can take care of you as shown by how He cared for the Hebrews at Deuteronomy 8:16, [AV] “Who fed thee in the wilderness with manna, which thy fathers knew not, that he might humble thee, and that he might prove thee, to do thee good at thy latter end;” And as James 1:3, [AV] says, “3 Knowing this, that the trying of your faith worketh patience. 4 But let patience have her perfect work, that ye may be perfect and entire, wanting nothing.” Yes, each shall be tried as stated at Proverbs 17:3, [AV], “The fining pot is for silver, and the furnace for gold: but the LORD trieth the hearts.”
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[2] CHANGING ONE'S RELIGION IS NOT TREASON AGAINST THE STATE:
INTRODUCTION:
Worshippers of false god(s) believe in absurdities and do not know the difference between treason against a nation and basic human right to change one's religion if one finds something wrong with his/her present religion. Of course irrational reasoning and irrational acts by worshippers of false god(s) is nothing new. It was first recorded over three thousand years ago in 1 Kings 18:21-29, "And Elijah came unto all the people, and said, How long halt ye between two opinions? if the LORD be God, follow him: but if Baal, then follow him. And the people answered him not a word. 22 Then said Elijah unto the people, I, even I only, remain a prophet of the LORD; but Baal's prophets are four hundred and fifty men. 23 Let them therefore give us two bullocks; and let them choose one bullock for themselves, and cut it in pieces, and lay it on wood, and put no fire under: and I will dress the other bullock, and lay it on wood, and put no fire under: 24 And call ye on the name of your gods, and I will call on the name of the LORD: and the God that answereth by fire, let him be God. And all the people answered and said, It is well spoken. 25 And Elijah said unto the prophets of Baal, Choose you one bullock for yourselves, and dress it first; for ye are many; and call on the name of your gods, but put no fire under. 26 And they took the bullock which was given them, and they dressed it, and called on the name of Baal from morning even until noon, saying, O Baal, hear us. But there was no voice, nor any that answered. And they leaped upon the altar which was made. 27 And it came to pass at noon, that Elijah mocked them, and said, Cry aloud: for he is a god; either he is talking, or he is pursuing, or he is in a journey, or peradventure he sleepeth, and must be awaked. 28 And they cried aloud, and cut themselves after their manner with knives and lancets, till the blood gushed out upon them. 29 And it came to pass, when midday was past, and they prophesied until the time of the offering of the evening sacrifice, that there was neither voice, nor any to answer, nor any that regarded." (Authorized King James Bible; AV). Notice verses 28 and 29 as some of their descendants are still doing this today. Why? They worship the old middle eastern Moon god who in all likelihood is just the present day evolution of the false god Elijah had to deal with the followers of.
Today, worshippers of false gods still behave and think irrationally, here is a statement by one of them that clearly shows how they mix things up.
<<" Again.... if they Abandon Islam and join in a rebellion to destroy the government or join a GROUP that is working to destroy or cause instability in the government.. yes... they committed treason and should be executed accounting to Shariah. This is Shariah Law. Western powers like the USA also have the same punishment for those who do this.">>
FALSE GOD WORSHIPPERS DO NOT KNOW DIFFERENCE BETWEEN TREASON AND FREEDOM OF RELIGION:
Worshippers of false god(s) do not know the difference between someone committing treason against a government by telling its secrets to others and/or working to cause instability and one simply exercising one's basic human right to change his/her religion because he/she has found error of some kind in his/her present religion. The first, true treason that involves active plotting against the state would be actively prosecuted under the laws of any civilized country such as Canada, the European Union, the United States, India, etc. The second, the basic human right to change one's religion would be actively protected by any civilized country and in fact this basic human right is actively guaranteed under the First Amendment to the US Constitution. Let's look at an actual event recorded in the news that clearly shows worshippers of false god(s) seek to put others to death for exercising a basic human right, i.e., the right to abandon one's present religion and join another religion.
<<" KABUL, Afghanistan - An Afghan man facing a possible death penalty for converting from Islam to Christianity may be mentally unfit to stand trial, a state prosecutor said Wednesday.
Abdul Rahman, 41, has been charged with rejecting Islam, a crime under this country's Islamic laws. His trial started last week and he confessed to becoming a Christian 16 years ago. If convicted, he could be executed.
But prosecutor Sarinwal Zamari said questions have been raised about his mental fitness.
"We think he could be mad. He is not a normal person. He doesn't talk like a normal person," he told The Associated Press.
Moayuddin Baluch, a religious adviser to President Hamid Karzai, said Rahman would undergo a psychological examination.
"Doctors must examine him," he said. "If he is mentally unfit, definitely Islam has no claim to punish him. He must be forgiven. The case must be dropped."
It was not immediately clear when he would be examined or when the trial would resume. Authorities have barred attempts by the AP to see Rahman and he is not believed to have a lawyer.
A Western diplomat in Kabul and a human rights advocate - both of whom spoke on condition of anonymity because of the sensitivity of the matter - said the government was desperately searching for a way to drop the case because of the reaction it has caused.
The United States, Britain and other countries that have troops in Afghanistan have voiced concern about Rahman's fate.
The Bush administration Tuesday issued a subdued appeal to Kabul to let Rahman practice his faith in safety. German Roman Catholic Cardinal Karl Lehmann said the trial sent an "alarming signal" about freedom of worship in Afghanistan.
The case is believed to be the first of its kind in Afghanistan and highlights a struggle between religious conservatives and reformists over what shape Islam should take there four years after the ouster of the fundamentalist Taliban regime.">>
Even the government of Afghanistan knows that this is utter nonsense, but due to political pressure from worshippers of false god(s) is seeking a politically acceptable way of dismissing this attack against basic human rights. The governments of the United States, Britain and other countries that have troops in Afghanistan have voiced concern about Rahman's fate. Also, Amnesty International and many other freedom loving groups have done likewise.
What does this all prove? As starters, it proves worshippers of false god(s) are very afraid that all will desert these false god(s) if they find out the truth. Second, that worshippers of false god(s) do not give a darn about basic human rights and are against people having freedom, and seek to suppress it. That they mislabel actions to make innocent none inciting items to appear as treasonous when they definitely are not, i.e., one should be accorded the basic human right to worship the way he/she sees fit and to change the way he/she sees fit at anytime.
FALSE CHARGES THAT IN NO WAY FIT WITH REALITY:
Worshippers of false god(s) make the false claim that one exercising his/her basic human rights is committing treason and trying to destabilize legitimate government in Afghanistan. However, the truth of the matter is quite different.
The groups that are trying to destabilize the government in Afghanistan, the Taliban and Al-Quida whose leader is Osama bin Laden are in fact all worshippers of false old middle eastern Moon god, whereas, Abdul Rahman had ceased to be, so let's get a dose of reality here. No Christian, genuine (true) Christian and/or apostate (counterfeit) Christian has sought to destabilize the government of Afghanistan; the ones that have are the Taliban and members of Al-Quida, and these alone have committed treason against the state and should be punished accordingly. However, instead of trying to prosecute those truly guilty of treason, political screwballs, worshippers of false gods, have gone after an innocent man who just sought to practice his new religion and had in no way sought to destabilize the government of Afghanistan; what injustice.
This injustice, clearly shows that many do NOT want to accord basic human rights to others. As Amnesty International and others have said, one should be accorded the basic human right of being able to freely worship and to change his method of worship, religion, as one pleases without interference.
These deniers of basic human rights seek to make criminals out of none criminals, i.e., those seeking to exercise their basic human right to worship as they see fit and to change religion as they see fit. Now let's look at proof of this in the actual words of some who seek to deny basic human rights.
<<"Changing religion is NOT abandoning faith nor is it apostacy (treason) against the Islamic state. One can change their religion and not rebel against the state. in this case they are NOT subject to treason laws requiring the death penalty.
People aren't put to death for changing their religion. They are put to death for apostasy. Two different things in Islam. doof. Changing religions is not punishable... Apostasy is defined as treason after one abandons his or her religion, which is also punishable by death in the USA and other western societies.">>
As you can see, their double talk clearly shows that they regard changing religion as one who abandons his/her religion, i.e., changes his religion, and considers exercising this basic human right as punishable by death. This particular worshipper of the old middle eastern Moon god even extrapolated and said USA and other western societies did likewise which we all know is pure 'crapola.'
Another worshipper of the old middle eastern Moon god said the following 'crapola.'
<<" If you are good you will be rewarded, if you are mediocre you will be rewarded slowly, if you are dumb you will be fired, if you are found cheating on your government or espionaging on your government for some other government, you will be jailed for treason. God has the same formula. Sometime they do get mixed up like Jonathan Pollard was jailed for spying (forwarding US Naval Intelligence to Israel)while employed in US Navy, and had an access to some sensitive US Naval information, and Greenbergs were killed for the same, while a person committing the same crime is elected as President (sorry to give you a political flavour). Thousands and Thousands of people in US alone commit Robberies, Breaking laws, Bank Frauds, committing Rapes, DUIs, Murders, Child Pornography and other crimes, does not mean that US Law has a flaw in it, SO its not the law, but the people are to be blamed. Shariah Law, which is not enforced, although it was meant to, does not mean that it is unfair and based on injustice. You are committing a crime for taking a law which is 1426 years old, looking through it in a modernized way and through Christian eyes, infact these are two different crimes you are committing. Blackening millions of pages carrying false accusations and thus jumping to conclusions, certainly tells us that you do look at Islam with a myopic attitude. I also suggest you buy a key board with a radiator attached, which will not over-heat your keyboard, and cool things down.">>
Now any law, regardless of age, That seeks to deny basic human rights is not only severely flawed, but totally unjust and can serve no good. True crimes committed by people have no bearing on whether a law is good or bad, but this is NOT what is here being discussed; the Shariah Law itself is what in this case is denying basic human rights, plain and simple. It is not looking at anything with a myopic attitude as the Apologist writer of this anti-freedom message alleges, but looking squarely at the basic human right to worship as one sees fit and to change ones worship if he/she finds error in his previous way of worship. It is in no way 'jumping to conclusions' as this individual who seeks to obfuscate the real issue falsely alleges. It is strictly a statement of fact, Shirah Law is a farce since it seeks to deprive people of basic human rights, and any law that seeks to do that is just plain wrong.
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COMBINATION OF [1] THE SCRIPTURE OF THE DAY AND [2] Religious Freedom is a Simple Issue When Stripped Down To Bear Facts Less All the Obfuscation
[1] SCRIPTURE OF THE DAY [VOL. 246A]
But the end of all things is at hand: be ye therefore sober, and watch unto prayer. 1 Peter 4:7, [authorized King James Bible; AV]
In fact, Jesus (Yeshua) said at Matthew 24:32 – 34, [AV] “Now learn a parable of the fig tree; When his branch is yet tender, and putteth forth leaves, ye know that summer is nigh: 33 So likewise ye, when ye shall see all these things, know that it is near, even at the doors. 34 Verily I say unto you, This generation shall not pass, till all these things be fulfilled.” With this thought in mind, we should, Colosians 4:2, [AV] “Continue in prayer, and watch in the same with thanksgiving;”
TO LEARN MORE ABOUT RELIGION AND THE BIBLE, GO TO,
1)
2)
3)
4)
5)
6)
7)
To enjoy an online Bible study called “Follow the Christ” go to,
Your Friend in Christ Iris89
Francis David said it long ago, "Neither the sword of popes...nor the image of death will halt the march of truth. "Francis David, 1579, written on the wall of his prison cell." Read the book, "What Does The Bible Really Teach" and the Bible today, and go to WWW.JW.ORG!
[2] Religious Freedom is a Simple Issue When Stripped Down To Bear Facts Less All the Obfuscation
INTRODUCTION:
Ones depriving others of religious freedom seek to hide the fact is diversionary subjects and obfuscation. They label individuals seeking religious freedom and the free practice of their religion as traitors, dangerous to society, apostates, heretics, infidel, deserter, blasphemers, etc. During the Spanish Inquisition many Jews, none Catholic Christians, and Muslims were put to death just for being desirous of freedom to practice their religion, a basic inalienable human right. (1). This occurred in Europe during what was commonly known as the 'dark ages.'
You would think in a modern world that people would no longer be persecuted and murdered for practicing the basic human right of exercising a basic human right of freedom to worship as one pleases as long as he/she does not interfere with the rights of others. But this is NOT the case as many want to return to the 'dark ages.' Specifically the case of Abdul Rahman who has publicly declared that, "I am not a deserter and not an infidel." (2). And this in a country whose constitution incorporates the UN's Universal Declaration on Human Rights. That declaration's Article 18 specifically recognizes the right of all people to change their religion. Even to prepare a trial for a person who has committed this "crime" is a gross violation of that declaration, and of the new Afghan Constitution as well.(3)
So much for the rule of law and the wording of a law when the justice department wants to commit an injustice wording means nothing. But that is to be expected by religious groups that wish to revert to the 'dark ages.' However, this may seem strange, these self-same religious groups want others to give them their basic human rights even on trivial things in other lands where they are not in control; what hypocrisy. (4). It's the old story, give us our rights, but let us trample on the rights of others. Of course any group that does this is of course clearly shows they do NOT worship the true God (YHWH) of Abraham whose basic attribute is love per 1 John 4:8, "He that loveth not knoweth not God; for God is love." (5)
In other words, their thinking that crimes against basic human rights of others are okay, but not ones against their basic human rights; can you imagine such an arrogant and unloving attitude?
ORIGINAL 'DARK AGES' EVENTS:
The original 'dark ages' saw one so called Christian church, actually an apostate one, denying basic human rights to all except themselves with their devilish designs against the basic human right to worship as one sees fit. Let's look at some of the details in brief.
The most zealous of this group of deniers of basic human rights to others were the Dominicans and Franciscans, popish monks who implicitly obeyed the Church of Rome: these, therefore, the pope thought proper to invest with an exclusive right of presiding over the different courts of Inquisition. He gave them the most unlimited powers, as judges delegated by him, and immediately representing his person. They were permitted to excommunicate, or sentence to death all whom they thought proper, upon the most slight information of heresy. They were allowed to publish crusades against all whom they deemed heretics, and enter into leagues with sovereign princes, to join their crusades with their forces. (6).
This went from bad to worse, and in 1244 AD, their power was further increased by the emperor Frederic II, who declared himself the protector and friend of all the inquisitors, and published the cruel edicts, viz., 1. That all heretics who continue obstinate, should be burnt. 2. That all heretics who repented, should be imprisoned for life. (6).
This sadistic zeal in the emperor, for the inquisitors of the Roman Catholic persuasion, arose from a report which had been propagated throughout Europe, that he intended to renounce Christianity, and turn Mohammedan. The emperor therefore, attempted, by the height of bigotry, to contradict the report, and to show his attachment to popery by cruelty. (6).
The officers of the Inquisition were three inquisitors, or judges, a fiscal proctor, two secretaries, a magistrate, a messenger, a receiver, a jailer, an agent of confiscated possessions; several assessors, counsellors, executioners, physicians, surgeons, doorkeepers, familiars, and visitors, who are sworn to secrecy.(6).
The principal accusation against those who are subject to this tribunal is heresy, which comprises all that is spoken, or written, against any of the articles of the creed, or the traditions of the Roman Church. The inquisition likewise takes cognizance of such as are accused of being magicians, and of such who read the Bible in the common language, the Talmud of the Jews, or the Quran of the Mohammedans. (6).
Upon all occasions the inquisitors carry on their processes with the utmost severity, and punish those who offend them with the most unparalleled cruelty. A Protestant, a so called none Catholic Christian, has seldom any mercy shown him, and a Jew, who turns Christian, is far from being secure, and a Mohammedan did not even merit consideration before being burnt at the stake or otherwise murdered.(6).
A defense in the Inquisition was of little use to the prisoner, for a suspicion only is deemed sufficient cause of condemnation, and the greater his wealth the greater his danger. The principal part of the inquisitors' cruelties is owing to their rapacity: they destroy the life to possess the property; and, under the pretence of zeal, plunder each obnoxious individual. (6).
A prisoner in the Inquisition is never allowed to see the face of his accuser, or of the witnesses against him, but every method is taken by threats and tortures, to oblige him to accuse himself, and by that means corroborate their evidence. If the jurisdiction of the Inquisition is not fully allowed, vengeance is denounced against such as call it in question for if any of its officers are opposed, those who oppose them are almost certain to be sufferers for the temerity; the maxim of the Inquisition being to strike terror, and awe among those who are the objects of its power into obedience. High birth, distinguished rank, great dignity, or eminent employment, are no protection from its severity; and the lowest officers of the Inquisition can make the highest characters tremble.(6).
When the person impeached is condemned, he is either severely whipped, violently tortured, sent to the galleys, or sentenced to death; and in either case the effects are confiscated. After judgment, a procession is performed to the place of execution, which ceremony is called an auto 'da fe,' or act of faith. (6)
Now here is the account of one 'da fe' performed at Madrid, Spain, in the year 1682. The officers of the Inquisition, preceded by trumpets, kettledrums, and their banner, marched on the thirtieth of May, in cavalcade, to the palace of the great square, where they declared by proclamation, that, on the thirtieth of June, the sentence of the prisoners would be put in execution.
Of these prisoners, twenty men and women, with one renegade Mohammedan, were ordered to be burned; fifty Jews and Jewesses, having never before been imprisoned, and repenting of their crimes, were sentenced to a long confinement, and to wear a yellow cap. The whole court of Spain was present on this occasion. The grand inquisitor's chair was placed in a sort of tribunal far above that of the king.
Among those who were to suffer, was a young Jewess of exquisite beauty, and only seventeen years of age. Being on the same side of the scaffold where the queen was seated, she addressed her, in hopes of obtaining a pardon, in the following pathetic speech: "Great queen, will not your royal presence be of some service to me in my miserable condition? Have regard to my youth; and, oh! consider, that I am about to die for professing a religion imbibed from my earliest infancy!" Her majesty seemed greatly to pity her distress, but turned away her eyes, as she did not dare to speak a word in behalf of a person who had been declared a heretic. Then, Mass began, in the midst of which the priest came from the altar, placed himself near the scaffold, and seated himself in a chair prepared for that purpose, and proceeded with the business of the execution of all the poor innocents who should have been, of course, given the basic human right to worship as they pleased. (5)&(6)
THE NEW 'DARK AGES' EVENTS:
As strange as it may seem, one group that suffered immensely under the Inquisitions instead of learning anything from how they suffered from the Catholic Inquisitions now seeks to impose their own form of inquisition against individuals that only desire to be able to exercise their basic human right to worship as they please. They are attempting to make themselves into modern day inquisitors and return to the 'dark ages.' They obviously are desirous of having almost unlimited powers, as judges delegated by their religion which does not believe in basic human rights for others, but only for themselves. They want to be like the evil Roman Catholic Inquisitors of the original 'dark ages,' and to bring back the 'dark ages,' and to be permitted to excommunicate, or sentence to death all whom they thought proper, upon the most slight information of heresy, such as someone learning the truth about their religion and changing to another.
They cry to be granted basic human right of freedom of worship for themselves when even any nation denies it to them in even the slightest or most trivial way, but when it comes to the same right for others, they care not what the UN Declaration on Human Rights says as follows:
"Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR) of 10 December 1948.
Article 18 : Everyone has the right to freedom of thought, conscience and religion; this right includes freedom to change his religion or belief, and freedom, either alone or in community with others and in public or private, to manifest his religion or belief in teaching, practice, worship and observance.(7).
Nor do they care what the UN covenant on civil and political rights
Article 18 says,
"Everyone shall have the right to freedom of thought, conscience and religion. This right shall include freedom to have or to adopt a religion or belief of his choice, and freedom, either individually or in community with others and in public or private, to manifest his religion or belief in worship, observance, practice and teaching.
No one shall be subject to coercion which would impair his freedom to have or to adopt a religion or belief of his choice.
Freedom to manifest one's religion or beliefs may be subject only to such limitations as are prescribed by law and are necessary to protect public safety, order, health, or morals or the fundamental rights and freedoms of others.
The States Parties to the present Covenant undertake to have respect for the liberty of parents and, when applicable, legal guardians to ensure the religious and moral education of their children in conformity with their own convictions.(8).
Freedom of religion and belief is a guarantee by a government for freedom of belief for individuals and freedom of worship for individuals and groups. It is considered to be a fundamental human right. Freedom of religion must also include the freedom to practice no religion (irreligion) or the belief that there exists no deity (atheism).
The Universal Declaration of Human Rights adopted by the 58 Member States of the United Nations General Assembly on December 10, 1948, at the Palais de Chaillot in Paris, France defines freedom of religion and belief as follows:
"Everyone has the right to freedom of thought, conscience and religion; this right includes freedom to change his religion or belief, and freedom, either alone or in community with others and in public or private, to manifest his religion or belief in teaching, practice, worship, and observance."(9)
This attempt by these religious fanatics like the Roman Catholic fanatics in the original 'dark ages' is nothing but a barbaric desire to return the world to a new period of inquisitions, the new 'dark age.'(10).
As one Islamic source admitted, "This is how our Prophet is misused by countless similar examples recorded in core Islamic scriptures. In secondary or tertiary so-called Islamic sources, extremely objectionable words are mentioned in his name. Example: -. "If a woman offered one of her breasts to be cooked and the other to be roasted, she still will fall short of fulfilling her obligations to her husband. And besides that if she disobeys her husband even for a twinkling of an eye, she would be thrown in the lowest part of Hell, except she repents and turns back." - Tuffaha, Ahmad Zaky, Al-Mar'ah wal- Islam, Dar al-Kitab al-Lubnani, Beirut, first edition, 1985, p. 176. It is also quoted in Al-Musanaf by Abu Bakr Ahmad Ibn 'Abd Allah Ibn Mousa Al-Kanadi who lived 557H, vol. 1 part 2, p. 255. (Original reference is not checked).(11).
As we can readily see human history of injustice, hatred, and crimes against humanity as witnessed in the 'dark ages' under the Inquisition of the Roman Catholic Church is apparently now to be repeated under the new 'inquisition' and 'dark ages' of Islam as shown by the present case of Mr. Abdul Rahman. This is even noted my modern Muslim intellectuals that have no interest to returning to the barbaric times of the original 'dark ages.' One group, the Free Muslim Coalition, said, "It is strange that without taking the burden of the challenge Political Islam acts a copycat of the past, the original "dark ages,' and tries to impose Sharia without updating. Once updated, Sharia might be very similar to existing laws of secular democratic countries. Muslims are not alone regarding objection to few laws such as same-sex marriage or abortion; some non-Muslims share the same vision. It is indeed surprising that Political Islamists remain vague about explaining how to integrate "Islamic teaching" in universal legal matters. They never point out which Western Law is against Islamic teaching and why. Dr. Hisham Kamali showed the serious and huge work done in 7-8th centuries to build Islamic Jurisprudence. But at the end it does not meet justice to humanity in general and women rights in particular. It is like the huge fifty thousand pages research-paper of a medicine that has serious and malignant side effects."(11).
CONCLUSION:
As said in the introduction, You would think in a modern world that people would no longer be persecuted and murdered for practicing the basic human right of exercising a basic human right of freedom to worship as one pleases as long as he/she does not interfere with the rights of others. But this is NOT the case as many want to return to the 'dark ages.' Specifically the case of Abdul Rahman who has publicly declared that, "I am not a deserter and not an infidel." (2). And this in a country whose constitution incorporates the UN's Universal Declaration on Human Rights. That declaration's Article 18 specifically recognizes the right of all people to change their religion. Even to prepare a trial for a person who has committed this "crime" is a gross violation of that declaration, and of the new Afghan Constitution as well.(3)
With respect the basic human right to worship as one pleases, the U.S. Supreme Court declared, "If there is any fixed star in our constitutional constellation, it is that NO official, high or petty, can prescribe what shall be orthodox in politics, nationalism, religion or other matters of opinion or force citizens to confess by word or act their faith therein, If there are ANY circumstances which permit an exception, they do not now occur to us."(12).
And as Imam Shafi'i and Imam Abu Hanifa noted with respect Shariah Law, that it is indeed man-made law because more than six thousand laws cannot be made based on only few Qura'anic verses relating legal instruction, which are indeed contextual. As other sources of Sharia are not divine, those cannot contribute to so called "Allah's Law".(13).
As noted also Imam Shafi'i and Imam Abu Hanifa The very concept of Sharia as a tool of governance violates the Qura'an in Chapters Ahkwaf -9, Ahzab-45 & 48, Anam -48, 52, 66, 69 & 107, Araf -61, 62, 67, 68, 79 & 93, 188, Bakara 272, Gashiyah -21 & 22, Kwahf - 29 & 56, and Mayedah -92 & 99, Nisa 165, Kwaf 45, Yunus -108, As-Shura 48, Ra'ad 40 etc. In these verses, the Qura'an clearly declares that the only responsibility of Prophets was not to govern, but only to deliver God's message. Even the word "Poygamber" (Prophet) comes from the word "Poygam" (Message). Examples- "I send messengers only to deliver message", "Prophets' task is only to deliver", "Duty of My Prophets is nothing but to deliver the message", "You are not their administrator, you are only a messenger", "Do you want to force them?" etc.(13).
References:
(1) Foxes Book of Martyrs, Marie Gentert King, Editor, Author was John Foxe who was born in 1517.
(2) [a British Broadcasting Corp. web cast on 03/24/2006.
(3) Christian Science Monitor, 03/24/2006.
(4) European Parliament, Committee on Citizens Freedoms and Rights, Justice, and Home Affairs LIBE at
(5) Authorized King James Bible; AV
(6) FOXE's BOOK of MARTYRS Edited by William Byron Forbush, Author John Foxe who was born in 1517.
(7) European Parliament, Committee on Citizens Freedoms and Rights, Justice, and Home Affairs LIBE at
(8) United Nations
(9) From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia on 03/24/2006.
(10) The U.S. Commission on International Religious Freedom (USCIRF) ,
(11) Anti Terrorism Resources - Free Muslim coalition
(12) United States Supreme Court (1943) West Virginia State Board of Education v. Barnette, 319 US 624.
(13) Imam Shafi'i's and Imam Abu Hanifa's books as reported by Free Muslim Coalition Against Terrorism.
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COMBINATION OF [1] THE SCRIPTURE OF THE DAY AND [2] An intellectual Kshatriya-IIIV SUNDARAM Quest for Truth Always Meet Persecution from False Worshippers
[1] SCRIPTURE OF THE DAY [VOL. 247A]
The earth is the LORD’S, and the fulness thereof; the world, and they that dwell therein. 2 For he hath founded it upon the seas, and established it upon the floods. Psalms 24:1 – 2, [authorized King James Bible; AV]
Yes, Almighty God (YHWH) has the power to control the forces of nature, and this is shown by the plagues he brought on Egypt per Exodus 9:29, [AV] “So there was hail, and fire mingled with the hail, very grievous, such as there was none like it in all the land of Egypt since it became a nation.” And at Exodus 19:4, [AV] “Ye have seen what I did unto the Egyptians, and how I bare you on eagles’ wings, and brought you unto myself.” And as 1 Chronicles 29:11, [AV] shows, “Thine, O LORD, is the greatness, and the power, and the glory, and the victory, and the majesty: for all that is in the heaven and in the earth is thine; thine is the kingdom, O LORD, and thou art exalted as head above all.” Yes, He is all powerful, but merciful as shown at Psalms 136:6, [AV] “To him that stretched out the earth above the waters: for his mercy endureth for ever.”
TO LEARN MORE ABOUT RELIGION AND THE BIBLE, GO TO,
1)
2)
3)
4)
5)
6)
7)
To enjoy an online Bible study called “Follow the Christ” go to,
Your Friend in Christ Iris89
Francis David said it long ago, "Neither the sword of popes...nor the image of death will halt the march of truth. "Francis David, 1579, written on the wall of his prison cell." Read the book, "What Does The Bible Really Teach" and the Bible today, and go to WWW.JW.ORG!
[2] An intellectual Kshatriya-IIIV SUNDARAM Quest for Truth Always Meet Persecution from False Worshippers
INTRODUCTION:
Interestingly all who go on a quest for truth always meet persecution from false worshippers, but of course this was foretold at 2 Timothy 3:11-14, "Persecutions, afflictions, which came unto me at Antioch, at Iconium, at Lystra; what persecutions I endured: but out of them all the Lord delivered me. 12 Yea, and all that will live godly in Christ Jesus shall suffer persecution. 13 But evil men and seducers shall wax worse and worse, deceiving, and being deceived. 14 But continue thou in the things which thou hast learned and hast been assured of, knowing of whom thou hast learned them;" (Authorized King James Bible; AV). This is not only true today as proven by the case of Abdul Rahman who was put on trial for converting to Christianity in Afghanistan. This was also the case with Michael Servetus who was born in 1511 in the village of Villanueava de Sijena in Spain. He was exceptionally intelligent and by the age of 14, he had learned Greek, Latin, and Hebrew, and had an excellent knowledge of philosophy, mathematics, and theology. He too, was to receive extreme persecution when he went on a quest for truth and found that the prevailing doctrine of the day, the Trinity, was a false God (YHWH) dishonoring creedal doctrine.
Both of these men had one thing in common, a quest for truth, and both received persecution of an extreme nature. This however is to be expected as the bible says at John 15:20, "Remember the word that I said unto you, The servant is not greater than his lord. If they have persecuted me, they will also persecute you; if they have kept my saying, they will keep yours also." (AV).
REASON FOR PERSECUTION:
Many wonder why individuals on a quest for truth are persecuted by those in the world, but the reason is found at John 15:19-25, "If ye were of the world, the world would love his own: but because ye are not of the world, but I have chosen you out of the world, therefore the world hateth you. 20 Remember the word that I said unto you, The servant is not greater than his lord. If they have persecuted me, they will also persecute you; if they have kept my saying, they will keep yours also. 21 But all these things will they do unto you for my name's sake, because they know not him that sent me. 22 If I had not come and spoken unto them, they had not had sin: but now they have no cloke for their sin. 23 He that hateth me hateth my Father also.
24 If I had not done among them the works which none other man did, they had not had sin: but now have they both seen and hated both me and my Father. 25 But this cometh to pass, that the word might be fulfilled that is written in their law, They hated me without a cause." (AV).
In fact, the persecutors have been so deceived by the unseen ruler of this system that they actually feel they are doing right when they are NOT. 2 Corinthians 4:4 says, "In whom the god of this world hath blinded the minds of them which believe not, lest the light of the glorious gospel of Christ, who is the image of God, should shine unto them." (AV). This fact is echoed at John 16:1-3, "These things have I spoken unto you, that ye should not be offended. 2 They shall put you out of the synagogues: yea, the time cometh, that whosoever killeth you will think that he doeth God service. 3 And these things will they do unto you, because they have not known the Father, nor me." (AV). This persecution may take many forms including mob violence as shown by Luke 4:28-29, "And all they in the synagogue, when they heard these things, were filled with wrath, 29 And rose up, and thrust him out of the city, and led him unto the brow of the hill whereon their city was built, that they might cast him down headlong." (AV).
QUEST FOR TRUTH OF MICHAEL SERVETUS:
In Michael Servetus's day, the Roman Catholic strictly forbid the reading of the Bible much as religious fanatics in some countries such as Saudi Arabia do today; however Michael Servectus managed to obtain a copy of the Bible. After reading it once, he vowed to read it "a thousand times more." Now the Bible that he was reading was probably the Complutensian Polygot, a version that enabled him to read the scriptures in the original languages - Hebrew and Greek, as well as the Latin translation.
His reading of the Bible along with the moral degeneracy of the clergy in Spain, shook his faith in the Catholic religion. These doubts of his were reinforced when he attended the coronation of Charles V. The Pope, Clement VII, crowned him emperor of the Holy Roman Empire. The pope, seated on his portable throne received the king, who kissed his feet. Of this Servetus later wrote, "I have seen with my own eyes how the pope was carried on the shoulders of the princes, with all the pomp, being adored in the streets by the surrounding people." Servetus could not reconcile the pomp he witnessed with the simplicity of the Gospels.
Servetus' historical and Biblical studies led him to the conclusion that most of Christianity had become corrupted during the first three centuries of the Common Era. He quickly uncovered the fact that the Roman Emperor, Constantine, a worshipper of the Unconquered Sun, "Sol Invictus," and his successors had promoted false teachings for political advantage, the fusing of heathenism and Christianity in order to strengthen the empire by having unity of religion. This wrong course by the pagan Roman Emperors and also by some that claimed to be Christian eventually led to the adoption of the heathen pagan doctrine of the trinity as an official doctrine by most who called themselves Christian, i.e., apostate ones, that is.
MICHAEL SERVETUS EXPOSES THE FALSE DOCTRINE OF THE TRINITY:
Michael Servetus researched the subject of the trinity extensively and in-depth and at the age of 20, he published his book "On the Errors of the Trinity." This made him a principal target of the Inquisition. He saw things quite clearly and made the point that there is no mention of the trinity in the Bible and noted that we get to know the true God (YHWH) of Abraham through an open minded study of the Bible and NOT through our proud philosophical concepts, but through Christ. Likewise, he also came to the conclusion that the Holy Spirit is not a spirit person, but, rather, God's (YHWH's) active force or power in action.
This fact is clearly shown by Jesus (Yeshua) when he referred to what the helper would do, and used the masculine personal pronouns as shown at John 16:7- 8, "Nevertheless I tell you the truth; It is expedient for you that I go away: for if I go not away, the Comforter will not come unto you; but if I depart, I will send him unto you. 8 And when he is come, he will reprove the world of sin, and of righteousness, and of judgment." (AV). On the other hand, when the neuter Greek word for spirit (pneu'ma) is used, the neuter pronoun "it" is properly employed. This fact is conveniently over looked or hidden by most Trinitarian translators as admitted in the "New American Bible Catholic Bible," regarding John 14:17: "The Greek word for 'Spirit' is neuter, and while we use personal pronouns in English ('he,' 'his,' 'him'), most Greek MSS [manuscripts] employ 'it.'" So when the Bible uses masculine personal pronouns in connection with pa·ra'kle·tos at John 16:7, 8, it is conforming to rules of grammar, not expressing a doctrine.
In fact, the Hebrew word here rendered Holy Ghost, Holy Spirit, or Spirit which is translated from 'ru'ach' meaning "breath; wind; spirit." Thus the idea that the Holy Spirit is the third person of a Trinity, when in fact the Bible does not support the Holy Ghost or Spirit as being a being at all, is absurd. For example, "The Catholic Encyclopedia:" states, "Nowhere in the Old Testament do we find any clear indication of a Third Person." And Catholic theologian Fortman states, "The Jews never regarded the spirit as a person; nor is there any solid evidence that any Old Testament writer held this view. . . . The Holy Spirit is usually presented in the Synoptics [Gospels] and in Acts as a divine force or power." Whereas, "The New Catholic Encyclopedia" states, "The O[ld] T[estament] clearly does not envisage God's spirit as a person . . . God's spirit is simply God's power. If it is sometimes represented as being distinct from God, it is because the breath of Yahweh acts exteriorly." It also states, "The majority of N[ew] T[estament] texts reveal God's spirit as something, not someone; this is especially seen in the parallelism between the spirit and the power of God." And "A Catholic Dictionary," states, "On the whole, the New Testament, like the Old, speaks of the spirit as a divine energy or power."
Hence as can readily be seen, neither the Jews nor the early Christians viewed the Holy Spirit as part of a Trinity. That teaching came centuries later. As "A Catholic Dictionary," notes: "The third Person was asserted at a Council of Alexandria in 362 . . . and finally by the Council of Constantinople of 381." Interestingly this being approximately three and a half centuries after Holy Spirit filled the disciples at Pentecost! No, the Holy Spirit is not a person and it is not part of a Trinity. The Holy Spirit is God's active force that he uses to accomplish his will. It is not equal to God but is always at his disposition and subordinate to him as clearly shown by scripture and by historical reference, so Michael Servetus had it right.
THE STUDY OF THE BIBLE ALSO LED SERVETUS TO REJECT OTHER CHURCH DOCTRINES:
Michael Servetus in his quest for the truth rejected the use of images as unscriptural; therefore shortly after publishing his "On the Errors of the Trinity," he said with respect to both Catholic and Protestants, "I do not agree or disagree in everything with either one party or the other. Because all seem to me to have some truth and some error, but everyone recognizes the other's error and nobody discerns his own."
While on his quest for truth, he was forced to flee from persecutors. He even changed his name to Villanovanus and settled in Paris for awhile. There he obtained a degree in art and medicine and he did extensive research on the pulmonary circulation of blood, and wrote a book on his findings incorporating his findings on this and on Biblical truths, "The Restitution of Christianity." He also did extensive research on Geography and ethnography. He would use this information as part of his defense later at his trial in Geneva.
Of course he had formidable opposition, but seekers of the truth have always had many opponents per Luke 21:15, "For I will give you a mouth and wisdom, which all your adversaries shall not be able to gainsay nor resist." (AV). One of his many adversaries was John Calvin, who had established an authoritarian Protestant state in Geneva, and according to historian Will Durant (Catholic), Calvin's "dictatorship was one not of law or force but of will and character." John Calvin was as thorough as any pope in rejecting individualism of belief.
As it turned out, Calvin became Servetus' most implacable enemy. Although Calvin was a leader of the Protestant Reformation, he denounced Servetus to the Catholic Inquisition. Servetus barely succeeded in escaping from France, where he was burned in effigy.
However, he was recognized and imprisoned in Geneva, where Calvin's word was law. In prison, Calvin meted out cruel treatment to Servetus. Nevertheless, in his debate with Calvin, during his trial, Servetus offered to modify his views, provided that Calvin his opponent gave scriptural argument to convince him. However Calvin proved unable to do so. After the trial Servetus was condemned to be burned at the stake. Interestingly some historians claim that Servetus was the only religious dissenter who was both burned in effigy by the Catholics and burned alive by the Protestants.
CONCLUSION:
Although John Calvin eliminated his personal rival, he lost his own moral authority. The unjustified execution of Servetus outraged thinking people throughout Europe, much as the unjustified attempt to murder Abdul Rahman in Afghanistan by the fanatical religious hierarchy because in his quest for truth in religion he switched from Islam to Christianity. In fact, In an interview published Sunday in the Italian newspaper La Repubblica, Rahman said he was at peace and prepared to die for his beliefs.
"I have full awareness of what I have chosen. If I must die, I will die," Rahman said in response to questions that the Rome-based newspaper passed to him through a human rights worker.
Rahman's trial laid bare the tension surrounding the role of religion in society here after the fall of the Taliban and its hard-line policies. Islam continues to dominate daily life, and on many social matters, such as the drinking of alcohol, its teachings remain the rule.
Many Afghans say that Rahman must pay the ultimate price for his renunciation of Islam, and have vowed to kill him themselves if he is released. So we see the same warped mentality with against individuals on a quest for truth today as we saw in the Middle Ages against Michael Servetus. It clearly shows that individuals who seek to worship in spirit and truth will be per Matthew 10:22, "And ye shall be hated of all men for my name's sake: but he that endureth to the end shall be saved." (AV); And as Matthew 24:9-13 reveals, "Then shall they deliver you up to be afflicted, and shall kill you: and ye shall be hated of all nations for my name's sake. 10 And then shall many be offended, and shall betray one another, and shall hate one another. 11 And many false prophets shall rise, and shall deceive many. 12 And because iniquity shall abound, the love of many shall wax cold. 13 But he that shall endure unto the end, the same shall be saved." (AV).
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COMBINATION OF [1] THE SCRIPTURE OF THE DAY AND [2] CHARGES OF APOSTASY BY FALSE RELIGION AND Almighty God (YHWH) love per bible
[1] SCRIPTURE OF THE DAY [VOL. 248A]
Where wast thou when I laid the foundations of the earth? declare, if thou hast understanding. 5 Who hath laid the measures thereof, if thou knowest? or who hath stretched the line upon it? 6 Whereupon are the foundations thereof fastened? or who laid the corner stone thereof; Job 38:4 – 6, [authorized King James Bible; AV]
Here Almighty God (YHWH) is asking Job a series of questions to assist him in comprehending the reality that he did NOT know how the earth was founded, and Nehemiah 9:6, [AV] shows, “Thou, even thou, art LORD alone; thou hast made heaven, the heaven of heavens, with all their host, the earth, and all things that are therein, the seas, and all that is therein, and thou preservest them all; and the host of heaven worshippeth thee.” He went on with His questioning of Job at Psalms 104:5, [AV] “Who laid the foundations of the earth, that it should not be removed for ever.” And Hebrews 1:10, [AV], clearly states God did this, “And, Thou, Lord, in the beginning hast laid the foundation of the earth; and the heavens are the works of thine hands:”
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[2] CHARGES OF APOSTASY BY FALSE RELIGION AND Almighty God (YHWH) love per bible
INTRODUCTION AND DEFINITIONS:
Many false religions at different times in history up to the present time torture and sometimes put to death individuals whom they claim have committed apostasy. This is contrary to the love of the Creator who reserves all judgment for himself per Psalms 75:6 – 7, [New World Translation Revised; NWTR] , “) For exaltation does not come From the east or the west or the south. 7 For God is Judge. He puts one man down and exalts another.” And at Jeremiah 10:23, [authorized King James Bible; AV] , it states, “O LORD, I know that the way of man is not in himself: it is not in man that walketh to direct his steps.” This clearly shows that man is not to direct his own steps, but to look to the Creator to do so. At 1 John 4:7 – 8, [AV] it clearly shows, “Beloved, let us love one another: for love is of God; and every one that loveth is born of God, and knoweth God. 8 He that loveth not knoweth not God; for God is love.”
Now for the definition of Apostasy found in the Merriam-Webster Dictionary:
Apostasy – definition of apostasy [noun apos·ta·sy \ə-ˈpäs-tə-sē\]
Plural, apostasies
1: renunciation of a religious faith
2: abandonment of a previous loyalty
[sourc - retrieved from on 9/3/2016]
Hearsay was accepted as guilt of Apostasy in so called Christian churches of the west.
UNLOVING RELIGIONS WANT TO PUT TO DEATH ONES OF OTHER RELIGIONS OR BELIEFS WHO THEY CLAIM ARE GUILTY OF APOSTASY USURPING Almighty God (YHWH) RIGHTS TO JUDGE MANKIND:
GENOCIDE IN THE WEST UNDER THE CHARGE OF APOSTASY:
Many have been put to death under the charge of apostasy throughout history. In so called Christian west, the brutal murder and torture for apostasy was carried out by inquisitions, and one encyclopedia said the following:
“An inquisition was a process that developed to investigate alleged instances of crimes. Its use in ecclesiastical courts was not at first directed to matters of heresy, but a broad assortment of offenses such as clandestine marriage and bigamy.
French historian Jean-Baptiste Guiraud (1866–1953) defined Medieval Inquisition as "... a system of repressive means, some of temporal and some others of spiritual kind, concurrently issued by ecclesiastical and civil authorities in order to protect religious orthodoxy and social order, both threatened by theological and social doctrines of heresy".
Bishop of Lincoln, Robert Grosseteste, defined heresy as "an opinion chosen by human perception, created by human reason, founded on the Scriptures, contrary to the teachings of the Church, publicly avowed, and obstinately defended."[3]The fault was in the obstinate adherence rather than theological error, which could be corrected; and by referencing scripture Grosseteste excludes Jews, Muslims, and other non-Christians from the definition of heretic.
There were many different types of inquisitions depending on the location and methods; historians have generally classified them into the episcopal inquisition and the papal inquisition. All major medieval inquisitions were decentralized, and each tribunal worked independently. Authority rested with local officials based on guidelines from the Holy See, but there was no central top-down authority running the inquisitions, as would be the case in post-medieval inquisitions.
Early Medieval courts generally followed a process called accusatio, largely based on Germanic practices. In this procedure, an individual would make an accusation against someone to the court. However, if the suspect was judged innocent, the accusers faced legal penalties for bringing false charges. This provided a disincentive to make any accusation unless the accusers were sure it would stand. Later, a threshold requirement was the establishment of the accused'spublica fama, i.e., the fact that the person was widely believed to be guilty of the offense charged.
By the twelfth and early thirteenth centuries, there was a shift away from the accusatorial model toward the legal procedure used in the Roman Empire. Instead of an individual making accusations based on first-hand knowledge, judges now took on the prosecutorial role based on information collected. Under inquisitorial procedures, guilt or innocence was proved by the inquiry (inquisitio) of the judge into the details of a case.
The mechanism for dealing with heresy developed gradually. Bishops had always the authority to look into alleged heretical activity, but as it wasn't always clear what constituted heresy they conferred with their colleagues and sought advice from Rome. Legates were sent out, at first as advisors, later taking a greater role in the administration. Procedures began to be formalized by time of Pope Gregory IX.
Practices and procedures of episcopal inquisitions could vary from one diocese to another, depending on the resources available to individual bishops and their relative interest or disinterest. Convinced that Church teaching contained revealed truth, the first recourse of bishops was that of persuasio. Through discourse, debates, and preaching, they sought to present a better explanation of Church teaching. This approach often proved very successful.
In 1076 Pope Gregory VII excommunicated the residents of Cambrai because a mob had seized and burned a Cathar determined by the bishop to have been a heretic. A similar occurrence happened in 1114 during the bishops absence in Strassburg. In 1145 clergy at Leige managed to rescue victims from the crowd.
The first medieval inquisition, the episcopal inquisition, was established in the year 1184 by a papal bull of Pope Lucius IIIentitled Ad abolendam, "For the purpose of doing away with." It was a response to the growing Catharist movement in southern France. It was called "episcopal" because it was administered by local bishops, which in Latin is episcopus, and obliged bishops to visit their diocese twice a year in search of heretics.
One example of murder under the directions of a pope was the genocide of the Cathers who were declared guilty of apostasy. Here is an account from the Encyclopedia Britannica of one such genocide:
“In a decretal letter, Vergentis in senium (March 25, 1199), that he sent to Viterbo, a city within the Papal States, Innocent declared that heresy was treason against God. Consequently, in pursuing heretics, he applied the sanctions and employed the procedural norms used in ancient Roman treason trials. This began Innocent’s long campaign to eradicate heresy, which lasted until the end of his pontificate and culminated in theAlbigensian Crusade. Cathar (Albigensian) heretics had become prevalent in southern France. As early as 1199 the pope sent legates to deal with these heretics and their supporters, and in 1206 St. Dominic began to preach to the heretics with Innocent’s support. These efforts produced few results. Finally, in 1208, following the assassination of the papal legate, Innocent launched a Crusade against the heretics and gave the participants full Crusader indulgences and privileges. The war lasted until after Innocent’s death. Even after a political settlement brought the fighting to an end, the Cathar heresy flourished in the region until the beginning of the 14th century. Innocent’s Crusade was significant, despite the survival of Catharism, because with it the pope began the practice of using the Crusade to combat papal enemies wherever they were found. Later popes called for Crusades against disobedient Christian rulers and even cardinals of the church. [sourc - retrieved from on 9/3/2016]
Of course, this genocide was against the Law of the Creator given at Exodus 20:13, [AV] , “Thou shalt not kill.”
GENOCIDE IN THE EAST UNDER THE CHARGE OF APOSTASY:
Here we have an account of the greatest genocide in all of human history committed against a people due to their religion being considered an apostasy by another religion – Islam:
“With the invasion of India by Mahmud Ghazni about 1000 A.D., began the Muslim invasions into the Indian subcontinent and they lasted for several centuries. The Muslim invasions continued even when the Muslims were ruling India, like the invasion of the Mongols during the reign of the Khiljis or the invasion of the Mughals in the early sixteenth Century when the Lodis were ruling Delhi. [The last ( ) (//twitter.com/hinduwebsite) ( ) ]( sub_confirmation=1) Recommend this Follow Us notable invasion of the Muslims from outside was the invasion of Nadir Shah in 1739, during which he unleashed a great horror on the native population. During these seven hundred years of Muslim invasions and their conquest and rule of India, the Hindus were the greatest sufferers. It is difficult to estimate the number of Hindus who lost their lives during these campaigns, the number of Hindus who died because of the religious persecution perpetrated on the native population by the Muslim rulers, and the number of Hindus who were forcibly converted to Islam. According to Prof. K.S. Lal, the author of the Growth of Muslim population in India, the Hindu population decreased by 80 million between 1000 AD, the year Mahmud Ghazni invaded India and 1525 AD, a year before the battle of Panipat. One can safely add another 20 million Hindus to this list to account for the number that were killed during the Mughal rule or the rule of the Muslim rulers in the Deccan plateau. By all known accounts of world history, as pointed out by Koenard Elst in his book the Negationism in India, destruction of about 100 million Hindus is perhaps the biggest holocaust in the whole world history.” [SOURC - RETRIEVED FROM ON 9/3/2016]
COMMENT:
As can be seen, false religions of both the west and the east committed terrible crimes against humanity. Unfortunately, Islam of today is still murdering individuals for committing apostasy by leaving their false religion.
In fact one of their members actually posted to me the following attempt to cover up this reality.
“People aren’t put to death for changing their religion. They are put to death for apostasy. Two different things in Islam. doof. Changing religions is not punishable... Apostsy is defined as treason after one abandons his or her religion, [i.e., changing religion] which is also punishable by death in the USA and other western societies/” [source - Br.JimC, a member Islam]
Which shows they still want to punish with death, where they can, those who leave their false religion.
Now here are some of their rationales: Changing one's religion is in no way treason, but a basic human right. I was brought up in a mixed household, Roman Catholic and Other, and when I got about seven years of age I could clearly see both were wrong, so I left both of them. One has the absolute basic human right to get out of any religion that he/she finds to be in error, and the liking it to treason against a nation clearly shows warped Medieval backward thinking that has absolutely no place in 21 st. century. It is just backwardness and primitive rationality for suppression of free thought and freedom of religion.
Trying to draw a technical difference between changing one's religion and abandoning one's religion is just plain silly 'HOGwash' as both are exactly the same thing, just as is calling a car an automobile so we need to get real. This one statement that this poster made clearly shows the difference between barbarity of mental thought and the rationality of freedom of thought a basic human right as agreed to in the UN Charter. To imply that abandoning one's religion is treason is so utterly ridicules, and this can clearly be seen by reference to the First Amendment to the US Constitution. Also, changing and/or abandoning one's religion is not treason in any way as made clear in the US Code of Federal Regulations and in the Uniform Code of the US Military so get real.
This one statement,
“... Apostsy is defined as treason after one abandons his or her religion, which is also punishable by death in the USA”
Clearly shows that Shariah Law is a Farce since it, per the poster, Br. JimC, incorporates such injustice against basic human rights which are nowhere found in the law of any civilized modern nation nor in the UN Charter or the European Union charter. Just as Doctor Wafa Sultan, a Muslim, said when being interviewed by Al_Jazeera, "The clash we are witnessing is not a clash of religions, or a clash of civilizations. It is a clash between two opposites, between two eras. It is a clash between a mentality that belongs to the Middle Ages and another mentality that belongs to the 21 st. century. It is a clash between civilizations and backwardness, between the civilized and the primitive, between barbarity and rationality. It is a clash between freedom and oppression..." Is really proven true by this post of Br. JimC. It clearly confirms what I have been saying all along that Sarah Law is un-just, insane, and unloving, no more proof required as his, Br.JimC, statement provided all the proof necessary to prove these facts.
All should consider a law of human freedom written long before the unjust Shariah Law by a religious freedom loving king, Cyrus the Great:
The first Charter of Human Rights written 2500 years ago. I am Kourosh (Cyrus), great king,...Now that I put the crown of the kingdom of Iran, Babylon, and the nations of the four directions on the head with the help of Ahura, I announce that I will respect the traditions, customs and religions of the nations of my empire and never let any of my governors and subordinates look down on or insult them while I am alive. ...I will impose my monarchy on no nation. Each is free to accept it, and if any one of them rejects it, I never resolve on war to reign. While I am the king...I will never let anyone oppress others,... I will never let anyone take possession of movable and landed properties of the others by force or without compensation. While I am alive, I will prevent unpaid, forced labour. Today, I announce that everyone is free to choose a religion....No one could be penalised for his or her relatives' faults...Cyrus the Great:
CONCLLUSION:
A loving Almighty God (YHWH) is loving both the righteous and the unrighteous, but hoping the unrighteous will change their ways. Jesus (Yeshua) was sent by his Father, Almighty God (YHWH), to give His message to the lost sheep of Israel as recorded at Matthew 15:24 – 28, [AV], “But he answered and said, I am not sent but unto the lost sheep of the house of Israel. 25 Then came she and worshipped him, saying, Lord, help me. 26 But he answered and said, It is not meet to take the children’s bread, and to cast it to dogs. 27 And she said, Truth, Lord: yet the dogs eat of the crumbs which fall from their masters’ table. 28 Then Jesus answered and said unto her, O woman, great is thy faith: be it unto thee even as thou wilt. And her daughter was made whole from that very hour.” But, later His Father’s message was given to the gentiles as recorded at Acts 10:1 – 8, [AV] as follows, “There was a certain man in Caesarea called Cornelius, a centurion of the band called the Italian band, 2 A devout man, and one that feared God with all his house, which gave much alms to the people, and prayed to God alway. 3 He saw in a vision evidently about the ninth hour of the day an angel of God coming in to him, and saying unto him, Cornelius. 4 And when he looked on him, he was afraid, and said, What is it, Lord? And he said unto him, Thy prayers and thine alms are come up for a memorial before God. 5 And now send men to Joppa, and call for one Simon, whose surname is Peter: 6 He lodgeth with one Simon a tanner, whose house is by the sea side: he shall tell thee what thou oughtest to do. 7 And when the angel which spake unto Cornelius was departed, he called two of his household servants, and a devout soldier of them that waited on him continually; 8 And when he had declared all these things unto them, he sent them to Joppa.”
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