COMBINATION OF [1]  THE SCRIPTURE OF THE DAY AND [2]  THE FATE OF ONE PROPONENT OF THE BIBLE ALL SHOULD KNOW ABOUT 


[1]       SCRIPTURE OF THE DAY [VOL. 879A]

For yet a little while, and the wicked shall not be: yea, thou shalt diligently consider his place, and it shall not be.  11  But the meek shall inherit the earth; and shall delight themselves in the abundance of peace.   Psalms 37:10 – 11,  [authorized King James Bible; AV]

And this is re-stated in the New Testament at Matthew 5:5, [AV] “Blessed are the meek: for they shall inherit the earth.”  And Revelation 21:3 - 5, [AV] shows that all things will be made new and that the earth will be a paradise, “And I heard a great voice out of heaven saying, Behold, the tabernacle of God is with men, and he will dwell with them, and they shall be his people, and God himself shall be with them, and be their God.  4  And God shall wipe away all tears from their eyes; and there shall be no more death, neither sorrow, nor crying, neither shall there be any more pain: for the former things are passed away.  5  And he that sat upon the throne said, Behold, I make all things new. And he said unto me, Write: for these words are true and faithful.” 

TO LEARN MORE ABOUT RELIGION AND THE BIBLE, GO TO, 

1) WWW.JW.ORG

2) http://religioustruths.lefora.com/ 

3) http://religioustruths.boardhost.com/ 

4) http://religioustruths.forumsland.com/ 

5) http://religioustruthsbyiris.createmybb3.com/ 

6) http://religioustruths.forumotion.com/ 

To enjoy an online Bible study called “Follow the Christ” go to,http://www.network54.com/Forum/403209/thread/1417398076/last-1417398076/Digital+Book+On+18+Part+Follow+Christ+Bible+Study 

Your Friend in Christ Iris89 

Francis David said it long ago, "Neither the sword of popes...nor the image of death will halt the march of truth. "Francis David, 1579, written on the wall of his prison cell." Read the book, "What Does The Bible Really Teach" and the Bible today, and go to WWW.JW.ORG!

[2]   THE FATE OF ONE PROPONENT OF THE BIBLE ALL SHOULD KNOW ABOUT:

The Facts With Respect The Murder of William Tyndale:

First, the facts about what William Tyndale did and who did not like it and arranged to put his to death, Note who most opposed his translation, Archbishop Warham (Catholic) and of Bishop Cuthbert Tunstall (Catholic):



But in London Tyndale was firmly rebuffed when he sought the support of Bishop Cuthbert Tunstall, who was uneasy, like many highly placed churchmen, with the idea of the Bible in the vernacular. Tyndale, with the help of Humphrey Monmouth, a merchant of means, left England under a false name and landed at Hamburg in 1524. He had already begun work on the translation of the New Testament. He visited Luther at Wittenberg and in the following year completed his translation. The printing was begun with William Roye, another reformist Cambridge man, at Cologne. But Roye was indiscreet and the work was soon being talked about. The city magistrates, at the behest of the anti-Lutheran theologian Johannes Cochlaeus, ordered the printing to stop. Only a few sheets were saved before Tyndale fled to Worms; among them was that containing his Prologue, which was later enlarged and called A Pathway into the Holy Scripture.



The printing was successfully carried out at Worms. Copies of the New Testament in English arrived in Tyndale's country in 1526, and the work was given a very hostile reception by the Church [Catholic]. The reforming movement had insisted, since the time of John Wycliffe, that the scriptures should be available to everyone and not kept in the hands of the establishment so that they could make their own rules. But while the established Church could make no real case against a Bible in the vernacular, it could rest on its massive authority and mutter threateningly about tendentious comment - and Tyndale's New Testament carried a great deal of comment. Tunstall (predictably) and Archbishop Warham denounced it; so did Thomas More, who was against every manifestation of Luther's Reformation. Wolsey demanded Tyndale's arrest as a heretic.



Eventually an English spy in the Netherlands, Henry Phillips, betrayed Tyndale to the imperial authorities. He was arrested in Antwerp in 1535 and confined in the castle of Vilvorde, near Brussels. He was tried on a charge of heresy in 1536 and condemned to the stake in spite of Thomas Cromwell's attempt to intercede on his behalf. He was mercifully strangled before the fires were lighted. He left the manuscript of his translation of the Old Testament books Joshua to the Second Book of Chronicles. In the year of Tyndale's death his New Testament in English was actually printed in England and before long other scholars were hurrying the great work to completion. The climate of reform had helped the matter along and Henry VIII encouraged it.

www.hertford.ox.ac.uk/alumni/tyndale.htm



Second, what others had to say about William Tyndale:



Tyndale had spoken to the consciences of his hearers, and some of them were beginning to believe that his cause was the cause of the Gospel. ‘Truly,’ exclaimed the procurator-general, as did formerly the centurion near the cross; ‘truly this was a good, learned, and pious man.’ But the priests would not allow so costly a prey to be snatched from them. Tyndale was declared guilty of erroneous, captious, rash, ill-sounding, dangerous, scandalous, and heretical propositions, and was condemned to be solemnly degraded and then handed over to the secular power. They were eager to make him go through the ceremonial, even all the mummeries, used on such occasions: it was too good a case to allow of any curtailment. The reformer was dressed in his sacerdotal robes, the sacred vessels and the Bible were placed in his hands, and he was taken before the bishop. The latter, having been informed of the crime of the accused man, stripped him of the ornaments of his order, took away the Bible from the translator of the Bible; and after a barber had shaved the whole of his head, the bishop declared him deprived of the crown of the priesthood, and expelled, like an undutiful child, from the inheritance of the Lord.



The faint hope which some of Tyndale’s friends had entertained, on seeing the delay of justice, was soon destroyed. The imperial government prepared at last to complete the wishes of the priests. Friday, the 6th of October, 1536, was the day that terminated the miserable but glorious life of the reformer. The gates of the prison rolled back, a procession crossed the foss and the bridge, under which slept the waters of the Senne, passed the outward walls, and halted without the fortifications. Before leaving the castle, Tyndale, a grateful friend, had intrusted the jailer with a letter intended for Poyntz; the jailer took it himself to Antwerp not long after, but it has not come down to us. On arriving at the scene of punishment, the reformer found a numerous crowd assembled. The government had wished to show the people the punishment of a heretic, but they only witnessed the triumph of a martyr. Tyndale was calm. ‘I call God to record,’ he could say, ‘that I have never altered, against the voice of my conscience, one syllable of his Word. Nor would do this day, if all the pleasures, honors, and riches of the earth might be given me.’

The joy of hope filled his heart: yet one painful idea took possession

www.williamtyndale.com/0d...yndale.htm



Third, the attempts by the Catholic church to make him recant and this by the authority of the canons that came out of the Council of Lateran that is still in effect and would be used against Protestants, JWs, Jews, and Muslims if the church had the power to carry it out as shown by the recent legal skirmish in France:



When Tyndale heard of this escape, he knew what it indicated; but he was not overwhelmed, and almost at the foot of the scaffold, he bravely fought many a tough battle. The Louvain doctors undertook to make him abjure his faith, and represented to him that he was condemned by the Church. ‘The authority of Jesus Christ,’ answered Tyndale, ‘is independent of the authority of the Church.’ They called upon him to make submission to the successor of the Apostle Peter. ‘Holy Scripture,’ he said, ‘is the first of  the Apostles, and the ruler in the kingdom of Chrst.’ The Romish doctors ineffectually attacked him in his prison: he showed them that they were entangled in vain traditions and miserable superstitions, and overthrew all their pretences.



Most of the reformers, Luther, Zuingle, Calvin, Knox, and others have acquired that name by their preachings, their writings, their struggles, and their actions. It is not so with the principal reformer of England: all his activity was concentered in the Holy Scriptures. Tyndale was less prominent than the other instruments of God, who were awakened to upraise the Church. We might say, that knowing the weakness of man, he had retired and hidden himself to allow the Word from Heaven to act by itself. He had studied it, translated it, and sent it over the sea: it must now do its own work. Is it not written: The field is the World, and the seed is the Word? But there is another characteristic, or rather another fact, which distinguishes him from them, and this we have to describe.


While the new adversaries of Henry VIII., Pole and the papistical party, were agitating on the continent, Tyndale, the man whom the king had pursued so long without being able to catch, was in prison at Vilvorde, near Brussels. In vain was he girt around with the thick walls of that huge fortress. Tyndale was free. ‘There is the captivity and bondage,’ he could say, ‘whence Christ delivered us, redeemed and loosed us. His blood, his death, his patience in suffering rebukes and wrongs, his prayers and fastings, his meekness and fulfilling of the uttermost point of the law broke the bonds of Satan, wherein we were so strait bound.’ Thus Tyndale was as truly free at Vilvorde, as Paul had been at Rome. He felt pressed to accomplish a vow made many years before. ‘If God preserves my life,’ he had said, ‘I will cause a boy that driveth a plow to know more of the Scriptures than the pope.’ True Christianity shows itself by the attention it gives to Christ’s little ones. It was time for Tyndale to keep his promise. He occupied his prison hours in preparing for the humble dwellers in the Gloucestershire villages and the surrounding counties, an edition of the Bible in which he employed the language and orthography used in that part of England.



When near his end, he returned lovingly to the familiar speech of his childhood; he wrote in the dialect of the peasantry to save the souls of the peasants, and for the first time put titles to the chapters of the Scripture, in order to make the understanding of it easier to his humbler fellow-countrymen. Two other editions of the New Testament appeared during the first year of his captivity. He did more: he had translated the Old Testament according to the Hebrew text, and was going to see to the printing of it just when Philips betrayed him. The fear that this labor would be lost grieved him even more than his imprisonment: a friend undertook the work he could no longer do himself.



At that time there lived at Antwerp, as chaplain to the English merchants in that city, a young man from the county of Warwick, named Rogers, who had been educated at Cambridge, and was a little more than thirty years old. Rogers was learned, but submissive to the Romish traditions. Tyndale having made his acquaintance, asked him to help in translating the Holy Scriptures, and Rogers caught joyfully at the opportunity of employing his Greek and Hebrew. Close and constant contact with the Word of God gradually effected in him that great transformation, that total renewal of the man which is the object of redemption. ‘I have found the true light in the Gospel,’ he said one day to Tyndale; ‘I now see the filthiness of Rome, and I cast from my shoulders the heavy yoke it had imposed upon me.’ From that hour Tyndale received from



Rogers the help which he had formerly received from John Frith, that pious martyr, whose example Rogers was to follow by enduring, the first under Mary, the punishment of fire.

The Holy Scriptures have been written in English with the blood of martyrs — if we may so speak the blood of Frith, Tyndale, and Rogers: it is a crown of glory for that translation. At the moment of Tyndale’s perfidious arrest, Rogers had fortunately saved the manuscript of the Old Testament, and now resolved to delay the printing no longer. When the news of this………….. He has lain in my house three quarters of a year, and I know that the king has never a truer-hearted subject. When the pope gave his Majesty the title of Defender of the Faith, he prophesied like Caiaphas. The papists thought our prince should be a great maintainer of their abominations; but God has entered his grace into the right battle. The king should know that the death of this man will be one of the highest pleasures to the enemies of the Gospel. If it might please his Majesty to send for this man, it might, by the means thereof, be opened to the court and council of this country (Brabant) that they would be at another point with the bishop of Rome within a short space.’ [Excerpted from HISTORY OF THE REFORMATION IN THE TIME OF CALVIN by J.H. Merle d’Aubigne]



Fourth, who were the major religious players who worked to do in William Tyndale and what were their religious affiliations from the Catholic Encyclopedia:



Cuthbert Tunstall

Bishop of London, later of Durham, b. at Hackforth, Yorkshire, in 1474; d. at Lambeth Palace, 18 Nov., 1559. He studied both at Oxford and Cambridge, finally graduating LL.D. at Padua. Being an accomplished scholar both in theology and law, as well as in Greek and Hebrew, he soon won the friendship of Archbishop Warham, who on 25 Aug., 1511, made him his chancellor, and shortly after rector of Harrow-on-the-Hill. He became successively a canon of Lincoln (1514) and archdeacon of Chester (1515). He began his diplomatic career as ambassador at Brussels, in conjunction with Sir Thomas More, and there he lodged with Erasmus, becoming the intimate friend of both of them. Further preferments and embassies fell to his lot, till in 1522 he was appointed Bishop of London by papal provision. On 25 May, 1523, he became keeper of the privy seal; but neither the work this entailed nor fresh embassies prevented him from making a visitation of his diocese. A visit to Worms (1520-1) had opened his eyes to the dangers of the Lutheran movement and the evils arising from heretical literature. In the divorce question Tunstall acted as one of Queen Katherine's counsel, but he endeavoured to dissuade her from appealing to Rome. On 21 Feb., 1529-30, he was translated by the pope from the Diocese of London to the more important See of Durham, a step which involved the assumption of quasi-regal power and authority within the bishopric (see DURHAM, ANCIENT CATHOLIC DIOCESE OF). During the troubled years that followed, Tunstall was far from imitating the constancy of [St. John] Fisher and [St. Thomas] More, yet he ever held to Catholic doctrine and practices. He adopted a policy of passive obedience and acquiescence in many matters with which he could have had no sympathy. With regard to the suppression of the monasteries, the king's ministers so feared his influence that they prevented his attendance at Parliament.  [source, The Catholic Encyclopedia]



William Warham

Archbishop of Canterbury, born at Church Oakley, Hampshire, about 1450; died at Hackington, near Canterbury, 22 August, 1532. He was educated at Winchester School and New College, Oxford, of which he became a fellow in 1475. Having taken his doctorate of laws he left Oxford in 1488, to become an advocate in the ecclesiastical courts in London, but two years later he returned to Oxford as principal of the school of civil law. His ability caused him to be employed o several foreign embassies, and his success obtained for him much ecclesiastical preferment. He became precentor of Wells (1493), rector of Barley (1495), archdeacon of Huntingdon (1497), and rector of Cottenham (1500). On 13 February, 1494, he had been appointed to the important legal office of Master of the Rolls. While absent on one of his frequent missions abroad he was elected Bishop of London (October, 1501), but was not consecrated till 25 September, 1502. In the interval he had resigned the office of Master of the Rolls, and had been appointed to the more important post of Keeper of the Great Seal. So great was his reputation for learning and ability that fresh honours followed rapidly. On 29 November, 1503, Pope Julius II nominated him as Archbishop of Canterbury, and on 21 January, 1504, the king made him Lord Chancellor of England. He received the pallium at Lambeth on Candelmas Day and was enthroned at Canterbury on 9 March. He took a leading part in all important national business, and his powers as an orator were in much demand on great occasions of state. His university of Oxford chose him as Chancellor in 1506. [source, The Catholic Encyclopedia]



Now you all have the evidence and can clearly see who is twisting historical facts and Biblical truths with long and distorted post and it is not I, but one doing the insidious work of a church bent on regaining almost total power.



LEARN MORE ABOUT THE BIBLE AND RELIGION – BOTH TRUE AND FALSE – AT WWW.JW.ORG

COMBINATION OF [1]  THE SCRIPTURE OF THE DAY AND [2]   PROPHETIC EVENTS SIGNS THAT WE ARE LIVING IN THE LAST DAYS


[1]       SCRIPTURE OF THE DAY [VOL. 881A]

Flee fornication. Every sin that a man doeth is without the body; but he that committeth fornication sinneth against his own body.  19  What? know ye not that your body is the temple of the Holy Ghost which is in you, which ye have of God, and ye are not your own?   1 Corinthians 6:18,  [authorized King James Bible; AV]

It is imperative that we run from fornication which is a sin against one’s own body.  This is clearly highlighted at Joshua 1:7 – 9, [AV] “Only be thou strong and very courageous, that thou mayest observe to do according to all the law, which Moses my servant commanded thee: turn not from it to the right hand or to the left, that thou mayest prosper whithersoever thou goest.  8  This book of the law shall not depart out of thy mouth; but thou shalt meditate therein day and night, that thou mayest observe to do according to all that is written therein: for then thou shalt make thy way prosperous, and then thou shalt have good success.  9  Have not I commanded thee? Be strong and of a good courage; be not afraid, neither be thou dismayed: for the LORD thy God is with thee whithersoever thou goest.” 

TO LEARN MORE ABOUT RELIGION AND THE BIBLE, GO TO, 

1) WWW.JW.ORG

2) http://religioustruths.lefora.com/ 

3) http://religioustruths.boardhost.com/ 

4) http://religioustruths.forumsland.com/ 

5) http://religioustruthsbyiris.createmybb3.com/ 

6) http://religioustruths.forumotion.com/ 

To enjoy an online Bible study called “Follow the Christ” go to,http://www.network54.com/Forum/403209/thread/1417398076/last-1417398076/Digital+Book+On+18+Part+Follow+Christ+Bible+Study 

Your Friend in Christ Iris89 

Francis David said it long ago, "Neither the sword of popes...nor the image of death will halt the march of truth. "Francis David, 1579, written on the wall of his prison cell." Read the book, "What Does The Bible Really Teach" and the Bible today, and go to WWW.JW.ORG!

[2]   PROPHETIC EVENTS SIGNS THAT WE ARE LIVING IN THE LAST DAYS

The events of September 11, 2001, were not specifically mentioned in the Bible, but are apart of the general signs of the last days or end time.  For this reason, all genuine Christians must be ever vigilant as governmental leaders offer little hope.  But, a reliable explanation of these distressing times or days is available in God’s word, the Bible, which serves as a guide for us to see where we are in the stream of time of Bible prophecy.  It shows us that we are in the end days of the present system of things, “1 ¶ This know also, that in the last days perilous times shall come.
2  For men shall be lovers of their own selves, covetous, boasters, proud, blasphemers, disobedient to parents, unthankful, unholy,
3  Without natural affection, trucebreakers, false accusers, incontinent, fierce, despisers of those that are good,
4  Traitors, heady, highminded, lovers of pleasures more than lovers of God;
5  Having a form of godliness, but denying the power thereof: from such turn away.
6  For of this sort are they which creep into houses, and lead captive silly women laden with sins, led away with divers lusts,
    7 Ever learning, and never able to come to the knowledge of the truth.” (2 Timothy 3:1 AV).

To get a better understanding of the time, Jesus gave to some questions raised by his disciples, three days before he died, the following answers.  The first question was, “ And as he sat upon the mount of Olives, the disciples came unto him privately, saying, Tell us, when shall these things be? and what shall be the sign of thy coming, and of the end of the world?” (Matthew 24:3 AV).  To this question, Jesus told of specific world events and situations that would clearly show that this ungodly system had entered its end days, “4 ¶ And Jesus answered and said unto them, Take heed that no man deceive you.
5  For many shall come in my name, saying, I am Christ; and shall deceive many.
6  And ye shall hear of wars and rumours of wars: see that ye be not troubled: for all these things must come to pass, but the end is not yet.
7  For nation shall rise against nation, and kingdom against kingdom: and there shall be famines, and pestilences, and earthquakes, in divers places.
8  All these are the beginning of sorrows.
9  Then shall they deliver you up to be afflicted, and shall kill you: and ye shall be hated of all nations for my name’s sake.
10  And then shall many be offended, and shall betray one another, and shall hate one another.
11  And many false prophets shall rise, and shall deceive many.
12  And because iniquity shall abound, the love of many shall wax cold.
    13 But he that shall endure unto the end, the same shall be saved.” (Matthew 24:4-13 AV).

In fact, there is now strong evidence that God’s Kingdom has started to rule in heaven.  We are informed, “ The LORD shall send the rod of thy strength out of Zion: rule thou in the midst of thine enemies.” (Psalms 110:2 AV), this scripture clearly shows that for a time Jesus would rule “in the midst of his enemies.”  His first act as a heavenly King was to throw Satan and his demon angles out of Heaven and down to earth, “ And the great dragon was cast out, that old serpent, called the Devil, and Satan, which deceiveth the whole world: he was cast out into the earth, and his angels were cast out with him.” (Revelation 12:9 AV).  Of course all the other angels in heaven would rejoice at this, but what would the consequences be for those on the earth?  He would of course come down to earth with great anger and conditions would grow progressively worse on earth, “10  And I heard a loud voice saying in heaven, Now is come salvation, and strength, and the kingdom of our God, and the power of his Christ: for the accuser of our brethren is cast down, which accused them before our God day and night.
11  And they overcame him by the blood of the Lamb, and by the word of their testimony; and they loved not their lives unto the death.
12 ¶ Therefore rejoice, ye heavens, and ye that dwell in them. Woe to the inhabiters of the earth and of the sea! for the devil is come down unto you, having great wrath, because he knoweth that he hath but a short time.” (Revelation 12:10-12 AV). 

Jesus (Jeshua or YHWH saves) when asked what the sign of his presence as ruler in heaven and of the conclusion of the system of things would be, replied, “ For nation shall rise against nation, and kingdom against kingdom: and there shall be famines, and pestilences, and earthquakes, in divers places.” (Matthew 24:7 AV).  Many other signs of the last days and how the greater number of the people will react are given in the Bible, for example, “3 ¶ Knowing this first, that there shall come in the last days scoffers, walking after their own lusts,
4  And saying, Where is the promise of his coming? for since the fathers fell asleep, all things continue as they were from the beginning of the creation.
5  For this they willingly are ignorant of, that by the word of God the heavens were of old, and the earth standing out of the water and in the water:
6  Whereby the world that then was, being overflowed with water, perished:
7  But the heavens and the earth, which are now, by the same word are kept in store, reserved unto fire against the day of judgment and perdition of ungodly men.
8 ¶ But, beloved, be not ignorant of this one thing, that one day is with the Lord as a thousand years, and a thousand years as one day.
9 ¶ The Lord is not slack concerning his promise, as some men count slackness; but is longsuffering to us-ward, not willing that any should perish, but that all should come to repentance.
10  But the day of the Lord will come as a thief in the night; in the which the heavens shall pass away with a great noise, and the elements shall melt with fervent heat, the earth also and the works that are therein shall be burned up.
11 ¶ Seeing then that all these things shall be dissolved, what manner of persons ought ye to be in all holy conversation and godliness,
12  Looking for and hasting unto the coming of the day of God, wherein the heavens being on fire shall be dissolved, and the elements shall melt with fervent heat?
13  Nevertheless we, according to his promise, look for new heavens and a new earth, wherein dwelleth righteousness.
14  Wherefore, beloved, seeing that ye look for such things, be diligent that ye may be found of him in peace, without spot, and blameless.” (2 Peter 3:13 Av); “34  Verily I say unto you, This generation shall not pass, till all these things be fulfilled.
35  Heaven and earth shall pass away, but my words shall not pass away.
36  But of that day and hour knoweth no man, no, not the angels of heaven, but my Father only.
37  But as the days of Noe were, so shall also the coming of the Son of man be.
38  For as in the days that were before the flood they were eating and drinking, marrying and giving in marriage, until the day that Noe entered into the ark,
39  And knew not until the flood came, and took them all away; so shall also the coming of the Son of man be.” (Matthew 24:34-39 AV), “1 ¶ This know also, that in the last days perilous times shall come.
2  For men shall be lovers of their own selves, covetous, boasters, proud, blasphemers, disobedient to parents, unthankful, unholy,
3  Without natural affection, trucebreakers, false accusers, incontinent, fierce, despisers of those that are good,
4  Traitors, heady, highminded, lovers of pleasures more than lovers of God;
5  Having a form of godliness, but denying the power thereof: from such turn away.
6  For of this sort are they which creep into houses, and lead captive silly women laden with sins, led away with divers lusts,
    7 Ever learning, and never able to come to the knowledge of the truth.” (2 Timothy 3:1-7 AV).

All these are in reality signs of the last days and hatred of fellow man, deviant sex, hedonism, greed (shown by the rise in crime and violence), etc., we are now seeing, not just in one country, but everywhere in the world.  The drug trade is now a major item; whereas, 25 years ago in was insignificant; AIDS is now becoming an ever increasing plague upon mankind, and as we all know the world is not a peaceful place as the events of September 11, 2001 really made known to all.   These are all features of the last days (end time) foretold in prophecy.  One historian, professor Hugh Thomas stated, “The twentieth century has been dominated by the machine gun, the tank, the B-52, the nuclear bomb and, finally the missile.  Ht has been marked by wars more bloody and destructive than those of any other age.”  This is in keeping with, “ And when ye shall hear of wars and rumours of wars, be ye not troubled: for such things must needs be; but the end shall not be yet.” (Mark 13:7 AV), and other scriptures.  Also, food shortages were prophecied, “6  And I heard a voice in the midst of the four beasts say, A measure of wheat for a penny, and three measures of barley for a penny; and see thou hurt not the oil and the wine.
7  And when he had opened the fourth seal, I heard the voice of the fourth beast say, Come and see.
    8 And I looked, and behold a pale horse: and his name that sat on him was Death, and Hell followed with him. And power was given unto them over the fourth part of the earth, to kill with sword, and with hunger, and with death, and with the beasts of the earth.” (Revelation 6:6-8 AV).  We have seen over 20 major famines in recent years in areas that include Bangladesh, Burundi, Cambodia, Ethiopis, Greece, India, Nigeria, Rwanda, Somalia, Sudan, etc.  With respect pestilences and earthquakes, “ And great earthquakes shall be in divers places, and famines, and pestilences; and fearful sights and great signs shall there be from heaven.” (Luke 21:11 AV) were predicted in the Bible as one of the signs of the last days.  Now AIDS looms as a reminder of this prophecy and the many earthquakes in various places which in the last 50 years have become much more numerous.

However, the most telling sign of the last days is that men will be lovers of money and greedy and materialistic “2  For men shall be lovers of their own selves, covetous, boasters, proud, blasphemers, disobedient to parents, unthankful, unholy,
3  Without natural affection, trucebreakers, false accusers, incontinent, fierce, despisers of those that are good,
4  Traitors, heady, highminded, lovers of pleasures more than lovers of God;
    5 Having a form of godliness, but denying the power thereof: from such turn away.” (2 Timothy 3:2-5 AV).  And children will be disobedient and have no natural affection for parents as also shown in 2 Timothy 3:2.

Last, Jesus foretold that the good news of the Kingdom we pray for “9 ¶ After this manner therefore pray ye: Our Father which art in heaven, Hallowed be thy name.
    9 Thy kingdom come. Thy will be done in earth, as it is in heaven.” (Matthew 6:9-10 AV).
This preaching of the good news of the kingdom was foretold by Jesus (Jeshua or YHWH saves) as follows, “ And this gospel of the kingdom shall be preached in all the world for a witness unto all nations; and then shall the end come.” (Matthew 24:14 AV)

LEARN MORE ABOUT THE BIBLE AND RELIGION – BOTH TRUE AND FALSE – AT WWW.JW.ORG

COMBINATION OF [1]  THE SCRIPTURE OF THE DAY AND [2]   BIBLE CONSIDERS SLAVE A PERSON, BUT MANY MEMBERS OF ISLAM DO NOT


[1]       SCRIPTURE OF THE DAY [VOL. 883A]

For bodily exercise profiteth little: but godliness is profitable unto all things, having promise of the life that now is, and of that which is to come.  9  This is a faithful saying and worthy of all acceptation.   1 Timothy 4:8 – 9, [authorized King James Bible; AV]

Yes bodily exercise is good, but exercising godliness brings rewards from our Creator, Almighty God (YHWH).  This is clearly shown by 1 Timothy 6:12, [AV] “Fight the good fight of faith, lay hold on eternal life, whereunto thou art also called, and hast professed a good profession before many witnesses. 

TO LEARN MORE ABOUT RELIGION AND THE BIBLE, GO TO, 

1) WWW.JW.ORG

2) http://religioustruths.lefora.com/ 

3) http://religioustruths.boardhost.com/ 

4) http://religioustruths.forumsland.com/ 

5) http://religioustruthsbyiris.createmybb3.com/ 

6) http://religioustruths.forumotion.com/ 

To enjoy an online Bible study called “Follow the Christ” go to,http://www.network54.com/Forum/403209/thread/1417398076/last-1417398076/Digital+Book+On+18+Part+Follow+Christ+Bible+Study 

Your Friend in Christ Iris89 

Francis David said it long ago, "Neither the sword of popes...nor the image of death will halt the march of truth. "Francis David, 1579, written on the wall of his prison cell." Read the book, "What Does The Bible Really Teach" and the Bible today, and go to WWW.JW.ORG!

[2]  BIBLE CONSIDERS SLAVE A PERSON, BUT MANY MEMBERS OF ISLAM DO NOT

Here is a short discussion between a person whose hastag is Linda who believes they are persons as do I, and an individual with the hastag  proliferobush who does not believe a slave is a person.

Re: linda_22003 Take A Look At This

by: prolifeprobush (56/F/Big Sky Country) 05/24/02 10:49 pm

Msg: 25336 of 25379



Posted as a reply to: Msg 25217 by linda_22003


OK already. I still do not think someone with zero civil rights and who can be owned by a human being is considered a person.

Obviously if you do not think someone with zero civil rights and who can be owned by a human being should be considered a person.  You should check out the facts on the matter which is seldom done on this BB.

Two excellent places to start is a good dictionary and the Bible.  In the Webster New Colligate Dictionary the definition for PERSON = an individual human being; esp : a human being as distinguished from an animal... (I see nothing here about ownership, do you?)

In the Bible, the ancient Greek word for slave is sometimes rendered into English as servant and sometimes as slave, See, in King James Bible, John 13:16 "Verily, verily, I say unto you, The servant is not greater than his lord; neither he that is sent greater than he that sent him." But  in "The New American Bible," by World Catholic Press, approved from Vatican on Sept. 18, 1970 by the Pope, it says, "Amen, amen, I say to you, no slave is greater than his master nor any messenger greater than the one who sent him."  However, in all reliable interlinear lexicons such as "The Emphatic Diaglott," "The Kingdom Interlinear Translation of the Greek Scriptures," and "The rotherham Diaglott-Interlinear" the ancient Greek word is consistently rendered slave. 

   

LEARN MORE ABOUT THE BIBLE AND RELIGION – BOTH TRUE AND FALSE – AT WWW.JW.ORG

COMBINATION OF [1]  THE SCRIPTURE OF THE DAY AND [2]  SELF-DEFENSE VS. INSULTS 


[1]       SCRIPTURE OF THE DAY [VOL. 885A]

And Jephthah vowed a vow unto the LORD, and said, If thou shalt without fail deliver the children of Ammon into mine hands,  31  Then it shall be, that whatsoever cometh forth of the doors of my house to meet me, when I return in peace from the children of Ammon, shall surely be the LORD’S, and I will offer it up for a burnt offering.   Judges 11:30 – 31,  [authorized King James Bible; AV]

He won the battle against Amon, and at Judges 11:35 - , [AV] “So Jephthah passed over unto the children of Ammon to fight against them; and the LORD delivered them into his hands.  33  And he smote them from Aroer, even till thou come to Minnith, even twenty cities, and unto the plain of the vineyards, with a very great slaughter. Thus the children of Ammon were subdued before the children of Israel.  34  And Jephthah came to Mizpeh unto his house, and, behold, his daughter came out to meet him with timbrels and with dances: and she was his only child; beside her he had neither son nor daughter.  35  And it came to pass, when he saw her, that he rent his clothes, and said, Alas, my daughter! thou hast brought me very low, and thou art one of them that trouble me: for I have opened my mouth unto the LORD, and I cannot go back.  36  And she said unto him, My father, if thou hast opened thy mouth unto the LORD, do to me according to that which hath proceeded out of thy mouth; forasmuch as the LORD hath taken vengeance for thee of thine enemies, even of the children of Ammon.”

Two months after this, his daughter was brought to Shiloh to serve Almighty God (YHWH) for the rest of her life in keeping with her father’s vows. 

TO LEARN MORE ABOUT RELIGION AND THE BIBLE, GO TO, 

1) WWW.JW.ORG

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3) http://religioustruths.boardhost.com/ 

4) http://religioustruths.forumsland.com/ 

5) http://religioustruthsbyiris.createmybb3.com/ 

6) http://religioustruths.forumotion.com/ 

To enjoy an online Bible study called “Follow the Christ” go to,http://www.network54.com/Forum/403209/thread/1417398076/last-1417398076/Digital+Book+On+18+Part+Follow+Christ+Bible+Study 

Your Friend in Christ Iris89 

Francis David said it long ago, "Neither the sword of popes...nor the image of death will halt the march of truth. "Francis David, 1579, written on the wall of his prison cell." Read the book, "What Does The Bible Really Teach" and the Bible today, and go to WWW.JW.ORG!

[2]   SELF-DEFENSE VS. INSULTS:

Self-defense, a Biblical view.  The Bibles’ view of self defense depends a lot on the circumstances surrounding the situation.  First, it shows we should seek peace at all times with our fellow man and not return insult for insult.  The Apostle Peter shows that we should seek peace with all and always be ready to give an answer to all, “But sanctify the Lord God in your hearts: and be ready always to give an answer to every man that asketh you a reason of the hope that is in you with meekness and fear: 16 ¶ Having a good conscience; that, whereas they speak evil of you, as of evildoers, they may be ashamed that falsely accuse your good conversation in Christ.  17  For it is better, if the will of God be so, that ye suffer for well doing, than for evil doing.” (1 Peter 3:15-17 AV)

And Jesus Christ (Yeshua) clearly showed he was no pacifist and the Bible shows he will lead God’s (Yahweh – JHWH) at the end-times; however, he stated, “ But I say unto you, Love your enemies, bless them that curse you, do good to them that hate you, and pray for them which despitefully use you, and persecute you;” (Matthew 5:44 AV).  Here he plainly shows we should love our enemies.  With respect insults, he showed, “ And unto him that smiteth thee on the one cheek offer also the other; and him that taketh away thy cloke forbid not to take thy coat also.” (Luke 6:29 AV); this clearly showed we must do all within our power to maintain peace with others including enduring insults and other abuses without reacting in a violent way.  In other words, we must always keep our temper in check and often this is quite difficult to do.

Often instead of a kind inquiring question or comment you will be confronted by individuals with harsh demands or words.  For example, when dealing with a person that ‘blows-up’ in a road rage incident over a wrong or perceived wrong, the individuals words are quite harsh and threatening and the natural tendency is to answer them in kind.  This, however, should not be done as the situation could easily escalate into a violent confrontation.  It is imperative that one take all steps to avoid a violent confrontation and failure to do so could lead to blood shed.  There are many other situations that can arise that can lead to similar confrontations.  The genuine follower will do all in his power to defuse such situations and this includes absorbing insults rather than also making them in retaliation as it takes too to make a fight.  If violence can not be avoided, one may need to use the necessary force to protect him/her self which will be dealt with later.

Another situation that may arise is that someone in authority will want you to fight for him/her or his cause.  Here the genuine Christian must remember he is a follower of Jesus Christ (Yeshua) and his father God.  Long ago when Jesus Christ (Yeshua) was on earth he was questioned on whether to pay tax by his enemies ot entrap him, but he answered, “But Jesus perceived their wickedness, and said, Why tempt ye me, ye hypocrites?  19  Shew me the tribute money. And they brought unto him a penny.  20  And he saith unto them, Whose is this image and superscription?  21  They say unto him, Caesar’s. Then saith he unto them, Render therefore unto Caesar the things which are Caesar’s; and unto God the things that are God’s.” (Matthew 22:18-21 AV).  Here he showed we should render the governments things to the government, but God’s things to God.  Since the lives of genuine Christians belong to God and not to man, we should give them in his service not mans.  Therefore, when governments and others seek to have us put our lives into dangerous situations for them; we must remember our lives belong to God and not to them.  We must, “ Let him eschew evil, and do good; let him seek peace, and ensue it.” (1 Peter 3:11 AV), “ Depart from evil, and do good; seek peace, and pursue it.” (Psalms 34:14 AV).  These scriptures clearly show it is our obligation if we are genuine Christians to seek peace and pursue it; therefore, we would not become a party or get involved with the wars of men and their other violence.  We should remain neutral, remembering our lives belong to God and not to man.  Of course this is up everyone’s conscience, and each must make his/her own decision whether to obey God or man, “ Then Peter and the other apostles answered and said, We ought to obey God rather than men.” (Acts 5:29 AV).

Clearly we are to make every effort to steer clear of situations that could result in violent confrontations as shown by Jesus Christ (Yeshua), “Ye have heard that it was said by them of old time, Thou shalt not kill; and whosoever shall kill shall be in danger of the judgment: 22  But I say unto you, That whosoever is angry with his brother without a cause shall be in danger of the judgment: and whosoever shall say to his brother, Raca, shall be in danger of the council: but whosoever shall say, Thou fool, shall be in danger of hell fire.  23  Therefore if thou bring thy gift to the altar, and there rememberest that thy brother hath ought against thee; 24  Leave there thy gift before the altar, and go thy way; first be reconciled to thy brother, and then come and offer thy gift.  25  Agree with thine adversary quickly, whiles thou art in the way with him; lest at any time the adversary deliver thee to the judge, and the judge deliver thee to the officer, and thou be cast into prison.” (Matthew 5:21-25 AV).  Some of the situations and possibilities that could lead to violent confrontations and bloodguilt have already been dealt with, and the scriptures are clear on the matter, “ Deliver me from bloodguiltiness, O God, thou God of my salvation: and my tongue shall sing aloud of thy righteousness.” (Psalms 51:14 AV).  We must work hard at maintaining a good consciousness, “ And herein do I exercise myself, to have always a conscience void of offence toward God, and toward men.” (Acts 24:16 AV).  We must maintain a good conscience no matter how the militaristic minds and violence prone minds of this world may criticize us as genuine Christians.  In his sermon on the mount Jesus Christ (Yeshua) clearly showed we should do on to others as we would want them to do onto us, the ‘Golder Rule;’ however, he went further and showed we should at all times love peace and pursue it, “Neither shalt thou swear by thy head, because thou canst not make one hair white or black.  37  But let your communication be, Yea, yea; Nay, nay: for whatsoever is more than these cometh of evil.  38 ¶ Ye have heard that it hath been said, An eye for an eye, and a tooth for a tooth: 39  But I say unto you, That ye resist not evil: but whosoever shall smite thee on thy right cheek, turn to him the other also.  40  And if any man will sue thee at the law, and take away thy coat, let him have thy cloke also.  41  And whosoever shall compel thee to go a mile, go with him twain.  42  Give to him that asketh thee, and from him that would borrow of thee turn not thou away.  43 ¶ Ye have heard that it hath been said, Thou shalt love thy neighbour, and hate thine enemy.  44  But I say unto you, Love your enemies, bless them that curse you, do good to them that hate you, and pray for them which despitefully use you, and persecute you; 45  That ye may be the children of your Father which is in heaven: for he maketh his sun to rise on the evil and on the good, and sendeth rain on the just and on the unjust.” (Matthew 5:36-41 AV).

Unfortunately, try as we might to avoid violent situations where we may need to defend ourselves, sometimes these situations may occur through no fault of our own.  The Bible does recognize very limited situations where killing of a fellow man may be justified and one will not incur bloodguilt.  In the case of a thief breaking in during the night whom the householder kills while defending his house, there results no bloodguilt upon the householder, “If a thief be found breaking up, and be smitten that he die, there shall no blood be shed for him.  3  If the sun be risen upon him, there shall be blood shed for him; for he should make full restitution; if he have nothing, then he shall be sold for his theft.” (Exodus 22:2-3 AV).  This scripture clearly shows the right to even kill a thief who comes at night since he can not be readily identified and also might be with weapon to kill the householder; however, if by day the thief could be easily identified and also whether he had a weapon and planned to use it.   Moffatt’s translation makes this even more clear, “If a thief is caught breaking into a house and struck so that he dies, the householder is not quilty; but if it was after dawn, the householder is guilty.”  Therefore if a householder delivers a fatal blow at night to a thief and it is reasonable under the circumstances no bloodguilt is incurred; whereas, killing the thief, unless he had a weapon and showed inclination to use it, during the day would be going too far and bloodguilt would be incurred. 

Clearly, genuine Christians must not take the law into their own hands, and return an injury to others.  However wen can postulate from Exodus 22:2-3 that if a householder was justified in striking a thief at night and would not incur bloodquilt, he/she would likewise have the right to defend his life or those of his/her loved ones and if this resulted in having to kill another who was actively intent on killing one or his loved ones and there was no other way of stopping him/her this would be reasonable under the circumstances.  Killing one just to save property is not reasonable as revealed at, “ For what is a man profited, if he shall gain the whole world, and lose his own soul? or what shall a man give in exchange for his soul?” (Matthew 16:26 AV), since what material item could be of equal value to a life?

LEARN MORE ABOUT THE BIBLE AND RELIGION – BOTH TRUE AND FALSE – AT WWW.JW.ORG

COMBINATION OF [1]  THE SCRIPTURE OF THE DAY AND [2]  THE RARE FRUIT OR VEGETABLE - Durio graveolens   


[1]       SCRIPTURE OF THE DAY [VOL. 887A]

Rejoice, O young man, in thy youth; and let thy heart cheer thee in the days of thy youth, and walk in the ways of thine heart, and in the sight of thine eyes: but know thou, that for all these things God will bring thee into judgment.  Ecclesiastes 11:9,  [authorized King James Bible; AV]

Yes rejoice just as shown at Deuteronomy 16:11, [AV] “And thou shalt rejoice before the LORD thy God, thou, and thy son, and thy daughter, and thy manservant, and thy maidservant, and the Levite that is within thy gates, and the stranger, and the fatherless, and the widow, that are among you, in the place which the LORD thy God hath chosen to place his name there.”   Remember Job 31:7, [AV] “If my step hath turned out of the way, and mine heart walked after mine eyes, and if any blot hath cleaved to mine hands;” but keep walking only in the way of the Lord. 

TO LEARN MORE ABOUT RELIGION AND THE BIBLE, GO TO, 

1) WWW.JW.ORG

2) http://religioustruths.lefora.com/ 

3) http://religioustruths.boardhost.com/ 

4) http://religioustruths.forumsland.com/ 

5) https://www.jw.org/en/bible-teachings/online-lessons/

6) http://religioustruthsbyiris.createmybb3.com/ 

7) http://religioustruths.forumotion.com/ 

To enjoy an online Bible study called “Follow the Christ” go to,http://www.network54.com/Forum/403209/thread/1417398076/last-1417398076/Digital+Book+On+18+Part+Follow+Christ+Bible+Study 

Your Friend in Christ Iris89 

Francis David said it long ago, "Neither the sword of popes...nor the image of death will halt the march of truth. "Francis David, 1579, written on the wall of his prison cell." Read the book, "What Does The Bible Really Teach" and the Bible today, and go to WWW.JW.ORG!

[2]   Here is a Commentary on Bountiful Trees and Vegetables God (YHWH) has provided for mankind, specifically the,  Durio graveolens, sometimes called red-fleshed durian,[5] orange-fleshed durian, or yellow durian,[6] is a species of tree in the Malvaceae family.[7] It is one of six species of durian named by Odoardo Beccari.[8] The specific epithet graveolens ('strong smelling' or 'rank')[9] is due to the odor, although most species of Durio (most notably Durio dulcis) have a strong scent, and the red-fleshed type of D. graveolens has very little scent.[10]

D. graveolens is an edible durian,[11][12] perhaps the most popular 'wild' species of durian, and it is sold commercially regionally.[13] However its sibling species Durio zibethinus is the typical species eaten and dominates sales worldwide. This species also should not be confused with the popular durian clones from Malaysia known as Red flesh (D164) and Red Prawn (D175), as both of those belong to Durio zibethinus.[14]
However, D. graveolens does have one registered variety, DQ2 nyekak (DK8).[14] The color of the fruit's flesh denotes other varieties: An orange-fleshed, a red-fleshed one. and yellow-fleshed. These varieties in fact may be different species, but currently it is not known for sure.[10][13] The yellow-fleshed kind is sometimes called durian simpor.[10][6][5]
Names
In Malay it is called durian burong/durian burung[5] (lit. 'bird durian'),[12] durian rimba (lit. 'jungle durian'),[12] durian kuning[5][15][10] (lit. 'yellow durian'),[4] durian merah (lit. 'red durian'),[5][13][10][11] or durian otak udang galah[15][10] (lit. 'crayfish brain durian').[6] In Iban it is durian isu.[6] The Bidayuh call it durian umot.[6] Among the Kenyah and Dayak peoples it is known as durian anggang (lit. 'hornbill durian'),[12] durian ajan, pesang,[12] tabela/ta-bela,[12] tabelak,[10][5] taula,[12][10] tuala, tuwala.[6] On Sumatra the Batak call it tinambela.[12][10][6] In Karo it is called meraan.[16] In Southern Thailand it is referred to as ???????-?????? (thure?yn-rakka).[6][10] In Aceh Tamiang Regency it can be called durian batu (lit. 'stone durian'), and elsewhere in Sumatra it known as durian adjan.[12][10] Other regional names include durian dalit[13][10][17] (but this can apply also to Durio oxleyanus[18]) alau, dujen, durian alau, durian daun dungoh, durian hutan[10] (lit. 'forest durian'), durian pipit, lai bengang, merang kunyit, pasang, and tongkai.[6]
Sometimes it is called durian sukang,[18] but this typically refers to D. oxleyanus more than to D. graveolens.[10]
It may also be called entulang, but it is not clear if this is a local name or a variety name.[11]
A natural hybrid of D. graveolens and D. zibethinus is called durian siunggong or durian suluk.[5][6][10] It has the texture and flavour of the popular D. zibethinus and the burnt caramel overtones of D. graveolens.[6][5]
After its initial description in 1889 by Beccari, in 1924 Reinier Cornelis Bakhuizen Van Den Brink reduced it to a synonym of D. conicus. John Wyatt-Smith combined it all under D. dulcis in 1953. André Joseph Guillaume Henri Kostermans and Wertit Soegeng-Reksodihardjo separated D. graveolens back to its own species in 1958.[19]
Distribution
Wild D. graveolens grows in Peninsular Malaysia[6][12][5][11] (states of Johor, Kedah, Kelantan, Malacca, Penang, Perak, Selangor, and Terengganu), Borneo,[6][12][5][11] Sumatra,[12][11][5][6] Palawan,[5] and Southern Thailand.[20] It is cultivated in Brunei,[5] Sarawak, Sabah,[6] and the Northern Territory of Australia.[11] In Brunei its popularity outshines D. zibethinus,[15] which is not cultivated in the country.[21]
It is occasionally grown outside the tropics. In Florida it has been seen to survive two consecutive nights at 0 °C (32 °F), albeit shrouded in cloth.[22]
Description
D. graveolens is a large tree, sharing many features with D. dulcis.[2] It inhabits the upper canopy, growing up to 50 metres (160 ft) tall.[6][12] The trunk is 85–100 centimetres (33–39 in) in diameter and can have no branches until about 25 metres (82 ft) high.[6] The trunk will be smooth or flaky, grey/mauve to ruddy brown with steep buttress roots.[6] The buttresses reach 3 metres (9.8 ft) and extend out 1.5 metres (4 ft 11 in).[12]
The oblong leaves are 10–26 centimetres (3.9–10.2 in) long without the petiole and 4–10 centimetres (1.6–3.9 in) wide.[2][6] They are perfectly rounded both ends, rigid, and slightly coriaceous.[6][2] On the top they are glabrous and crisp,[6] almost vernicose (varnished).[2] Underneath, the leaves are copper-brown and lepidote (scaly),[6] with large scales of up to 2 millimetres (0.079 in) of diameter, which are not very noticeable, at least when dry.[2] The leaf scales are peltate (shield-shaped), ciliate-radiated (fringed), and deeply-lobed in 3-5 parts.[2] In addition to the scales there are long strands of stellate hairs and other trichomes of varying size forming a soft tomentose (fuzzy) surface.[2] The leaf midrib is very prominent on the underside and forms a crease on top.[2] There are leaf stipules but they are caducous (drop early).[6] Leaves have 10-12 lateral veins per side (with some smaller ones intermixed) which are tiny and superficial above and more distinct, but still barely visible.[2] The petiole is very large, 15–18 millimetres (0.59–0.71 in) long, and tumescent (swollen) from the middle up.[2]
Flowers grow on the branches[2][23] on short cymes and a thin calyx.[6] The base is sac-like with 3-5 connate lobes.[6][23] It has white,[23] spatulate (spoon-shaped) petals that are 25–35 millimetres (0.98–1.38 in) long.[6] Inside are 5 separate bundles of staminodes and stamens,[6] fused for less than half of their length.[23] The anther has small clusters of 4-5 elongate pollen locules that open with longitudinal slits.[23] Ovaries are ovoid to globose and possess a yellow capitate (shaped like a pinhead) stigma and white to greenish style[6] about 48 millimetres (1.9 in).[24] The pollen is psilate (relatively smooth), spheroidal, and 54 micrometres (0.0021 in) in diameter.[24] It has three colporate (combined pore and colpus/furrow) apertures and is monad (solitary grains).[24]
The ovoid to globose fruits are up to 10–15 centimetres (3.9–5.9 in) in diameter,[2][6][11][25][23] and weigh about 757.5 grams (26.72 oz).[26] The greenish- to orange-yellow outside is densely covered with long (1 centimetre (0.39 in)) and thin angular-subulate spines which are straight or slightly curved, and prickly[2][6][11] yet slightly soft.[23] The fruit easily breaks into 5 fibrous-coriaceous valves (sections)[6][11][25] with 5–6 millimetres (0.20–0.24 in) thick walls.[2] Typically the fruit opens on the tree,[6][11] but some varieties do not until they are on the ground or harvested. There are 2 bulbous or chestnut-shaped seeds per section, each completely enveloped by fleshy aril.[2][11][23] These glossy brown seeds are 2 by 4 centimetres (0.79 in × 1.57 in).[6][11][25] The pungent aril is the part consumed as food,[2] though some sources note the odor is sometimes very mild.[11][23][12] It ranges in color from light yellow[2] to orange to lipstick red.[6][5][11][23]
Ecology
D. graveolens is a tropical plant species that needs high heat and humidity.[6] Typically it is found on clay-rich soils in wet lowland dipterocarp forests, frequently along riverbanks and swamps.[6] Because of its tolerance for wet habitats,[12] it is possibly resistant to infection by the oomycete Phytophthora palmivora.[11][15] It can also be found on hillsides and shale ridges up to 1,000 metres (3,300 ft) in elevation.[6]
It is pollinated by bats.[24] As it is one of the only species to naturally hybridize with D. zibethinus,[5][6][27] it is thought they two share a pollinator, likely the cave nectar bat (Eonycteris spelaea).[28][19] Pollen from both of these durian species has been found in cave nectar bat feces, and possibly in that of long-tongued fruit bat (Macroglossus sobrinus).[29]
After harvest, fruit can be set upon by fungi like Lasiodiplodia theobromae, Glomerella cingulata, Geotrichum candidum, Calonectria kyotensis, and occasionally Gliocephalotrichum bulbilium.[15] Secondary or opportunistic fungal infection can be from species such as Aspergillus niger and other Aspergillus spp., Candida sp., Gibberella intricans, and Penicillium sp.[15]
The fruit is fed on by Bornean orangutans (Pongo pygmaeus),[16] Prevost's squirrels (Callosciurus prevostii), Crab-eating macaques (Macaca fascicularis), Black hornbills (Anthracoceros malayanus), possibly viverrids[25] and Sun bears (Helarctos malayanus).[30] Black hornbills are also effective seed dispersers for the tree,[25] and this is referenced in a few of the regional names for the tree (see § Name, above).
Biochemistry
The fatty acids in the fruit are 30% saturated and 70% unsaturated.[4] The saturated fats include myristic acid (14.49%), arachidic acid (7.08%), pentadecanoic acid (3.61%), heptadecanoic acid (2.2%), decanoic acid (1.62%), and lauric acid (1.31%).[4] Unsaturated fats include oleic acid (22.18%), palmitoleic acid (13.55%), linolelaidic acid (12.39%), ?-linolenic acid (12.23%), linoleic acid (4.95%), elaidic acid (2.50%), and myristoleic acid (1.89%).[4]
Uses
The fruit's pulp is typically eaten raw and has the fragrance of roasted almonds[6][5][15] or burnt caramel.[6][5] The taste is described as sweet and cheesy[15] or similar to eating an avocado or pimento cheese.[10] Sometimes it is it is fermented into the condiment tempoyak.[13] The red-fleshed type is used with freshwater fish to make a type of sayur.[6]
The seeds can also be ground into flour (tepung biji durian dalit), which then can be used to make things like fish crackers.[17]
The tree is also harvested for lumber in Sarawak.[6] The Iban people there also bathe day-old infants (especially for preterm birth) in a tisane of mature bark, as they believe it strengthens the skin.[6]
References
    1.
    • "Durio graveolens". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2017. Retrieved 27 October 2017. This taxon has not yet been assessed for the IUCN Red List, but is in the Catalogue of Life: Durio graveolens Becc.
    • Beccari, Odoardo (1889). Malesia: raccolta di osservazioni botaniche intorno alle piante dell'arcipelago Indo-Malese e Papuano pubblicata da Odoardo Beccari, destinata principalmente a descrivere ed illustrare le piante da esso raccolte in quelle regioni durante i viaggi eseguiti dall'anno 1865 all'anno 1878 (PDF) (in Italian). 3. Florence & Rome, Italy: Tipografia del R. Instituto sordo-muti. pp. 242–3. ASIN B000MTM2A0. OCLC 880509632. Retrieved 29 October 2017.
    • Hoe, Voon Boon; Siong, Kueh Hong (March 1999). "The nutritional value of indigenous fruits and vegetables in Sarawak" (PDF). Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition. Clayton, Australia: John Wiley & Sons Inc. 8 (1): 24–31. doi:10.1046/j.1440-6047.1999.00046.x. ISSN 1440-6047. OCLC 5534067161. PMID 24393732. Retrieved 3 November 2017.
    • Nasaruddin, Mohd hanif; Noor, Noor Qhairul Izzreen Mohd; Mamat, Hasmadi (2013). "Komposisi Proksimat dan Komponen Asid Lemak Durian Kuning (Durio graveolens) Sabah" [Proximate and Fatty Acid Composition of Sabah Yellow Durian (Durio graveolens)] (PDF). Sains Malaysiana (in Malay). 42 (9): 1283–1288. ISSN 0126-6039. OCLC 857479186. Retrieved 28 November 2017.
    • O'Gara, E.; Guest, D. I.; Hassan, N. M. (2004). "Occurrence, Distribution and Utilisation of Durian Germplasm". In Drenth, A.; Guest, D. I. Diversity and Management of Phytophthora in Southeast Asia ACIAR Monograph No. 114 (PDF). Australian Centre for International Agricultural Research (ACIAR). pp. 187–193. ISBN 1-86320-405-9. Retrieved 9 November 2017.
    • Lim, Tong Kwee (29 September 2011). "Durio graveolens". Edible Medicinal and Non-Medicinal Plants (PDF). Dordrecht: Springer. pp. 552–555. doi:10.1007/978-90-481-8661-7_74. ISBN 978-90-481-8661-7. OCLC 988813302. Retrieved 30 October 2017.
    • "Durio graveolens". NCBI taxonomy. Bethesda, MD: National Center for Biotechnology Information. Retrieved 26 October 2017. Lineage( full ) cellular organisms; Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Streptophytina; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta; Euphyllophyta; Spermatophyta; Magnoliophyta; Mesangiospermae; eudicotyledons; Gunneridae; Pentapetalae; rosids; malvids; Malvales; Malvaceae; Helicteroideae; Durio
    • "Durio". The Plant List. 1.1. England: The Plant List. 23 March 2012. Retrieved 9 November 2017.
    • Griffith, Chuck (2005). "Dictionary of Botanical Epithets". Dictionary of Botanical Epithets. Retrieved 27 October 2017. graveolens graveolens graveolens strong smelling graveolens graveolent adj strong smelling; rank Ruta graveolens L.
    • Gasik, Lindsay (May 2013). "Durio graveolens". Year of the Durian. yearofthedurian.com. Retrieved 4 November 2017.
    • Lim, Tong Kwee; Luders, L. (July 1997). Boosting Durian Productivity (PDF). RIRDC Project DNT - 13A. Barton, ACT: Rural Industries Research Development Corporation (RIRDC). ISBN 9780724530151. ISSN 1440-6845. OCLC 38412745. Retrieved 10 November 2017.
    • Kostermans, André Joseph Guillaume Henri (December 1958). Dilmy, A.; Van Steens, C. G. G. J., eds. "The Genus Durio Adans. (Bombac.)" (PDF). Reinwardtia. Kebun Raya, Indonesia: Herbarium Bogoriense. 4 (3): 91–95. doi:10.14203/reinwardtia.v4i3.1008 (inactive 2017-11-29). ISSN 2337-8824. OCLC 4142407. Retrieved 10 November 2017.
    • "Wild durians of Borneo". Daily Express. Kota Kinabalu, Malaysia: Sabah Publishing House Sdn. Bhd. 5 February 2012. Retrieved 5 November 2017.
    • "Varieties Registered For National Crop List". Plant Variety Protection Malaysia. Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia: Department of Agriculture, Malaysia. pp. 15–6, 52. Retrieved 2 November 2017. D164 Durian Durio zibethinus Linn. D175 Durian Durio zibethinus Linn. DQ2 Durian Sarawak Durio graveolens Becc Nyekak (DK8)
    • Sivapalan, A.; Metussin, Rosidah; Harndan, Fuziah; Zain, Rokiah Mohd (December 1998). "Fungi associated with postharvest fruit rots of Durio graveolens and D. kutejensis in Brunei Darussalam" (PDF). Australasian Plant Pathology. Netherlands: Springer. 27 (4): 274–277. doi:10.1071/AP98033. ISSN 1448-6032. OCLC 204773204. Retrieved 21 November 2017.
    • Mackinnon, John (February 1974). "The behaviour and ecology of wild orang-utans (Pongo pygmaeus)" (PDF). Animal Behaviour. Elsevier Ltd. 22 (1): 3–74. doi:10.1016/S0003-3472(74)80054-0. ISSN 0003-3472. Retrieved 22 November 2017.
    • Yong, Yen Cze (2015). Aplikasi Tepung Biji Durian Dalit (Durio graveolens) Dalam Keropok Ikan [Application of Durian Dalit (Durio graveolens) Seed Flour in Fish Crackers] (in Malay). Kota Kinabalu: Universiti Malaysia Sabah. OCLC 973237888.
    • Ng, Murphy (19 December 2012). "Red and Orange Durians of Sabah". MySabah.com. Sabah, Malaysia. Retrieved 29 November 2017. Durian Dalit (Orange-flesh Durian), Species: Durio oxleyanus The husk of Durian Dalit is green color, with long and thick thorns outside. Durian Sukang (Red-flesh Durian), Species: Durio graveolens When ripe, the husk of Durian Sukang turns yellow, with short and sharp spines.
    • Brown, Michael J. (1997). Arora, R.K.; Ramanatha Rao, V.; Rao, A.N., eds. Durio, a Bibliographic Review (PDF). New Delhi, India: International Plant Genetic Resource Institute. p. 13. ASIN 9290433183. ISBN 9789290433187. OCLC 38754437. Retrieved 11 November 2017.
    • Hassler M. (2017). World Plants: Synonymic Checklists of the Vascular Plants of the World (version Aug 2017). In: Roskov Y., Abucay L., Orrell T., Nicolson D., Bailly N., Kirk P.M., Bourgoin T., DeWalt R.E., Decock W., De Wever A., Nieukerken E. van, Zarucchi J., Penev L., eds. (2017). Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life, 29th September 2017. Digital resource at http://www.catalogueoflife.org/col/details/species/id/f1346b818da012e2ae26db4395f60fa9 . Species 2000: Naturalis, Leiden, the Netherlands. ISSN 2405-8858.
    • Osman, M. B.; Mohamed, Z. A.; Idris, S.; Aman, R. (1995). Tropical fruit production and genetic resources in Southeast Asia: Identifying the priority fruit species (PDF). International Plant Genetic Resources Institute (IPGRI). ISBN 92-9043-249-7. OCLC 723476105. Archived from the original on 2008-09-30. Retrieved 10 November 2017. In Brunei Darussalam, D. zibethinus does not occur locally. The people in Brunei prefer the other species, such as D. graveolens, D. kutejensis and D. oxyleyanus. These species are quite commonly distributed in the country and together with other species like D. testudinarium and D. dulcis, represent rich genetic diversity.
    • Whitman, William F. (November 1990). Cockshutt, Nicholas, ed. "Ultra Tropicals vs. Freezing Point". Tropical Fruit World. Miami, FL: Fairchild Tropical Garden. 1 (5): 147–148. ISSN 1053-850X. OCLC 22610361.
    • Nyffeler, Reto; Baum, David A. (2001). "Systematics and character evolution in Durio s. lat. (Malvaceae/Helicteroideae/Durioneae or Bombacaceae-Durioneae)" (PDF). Organisms Diversity & Evolution. Springer Verlag. 1 (3): 165–178. doi:10.1078/1439-6092-00015. ISSN 1439-6092. OCLC 199110722. Retrieved 29 November 2017.
    • Stroo, A (March 2000). "Pollen morphological evolution in bat pollinated plants" (PDF). Plant Systematics and Evolution. Springer-Verlag. 222 (1–4): 225–242. doi:10.1007/BF00984104. ISSN 1615-6110. OCLC 197044000. Retrieved 10 November 2017.
    • Nakashima, Yoshihiro; Lagan, Peter; Kitayama, Kanehiro (March 2008). "A Study of Fruit–Frugivore Interactions in Two Species of Durian (Durio, Bombacaceae) in Sabah, Malaysia" (PDF). Biotropica. John Wiley & Sons. 40 (2): 255–258. doi:10.1111/j.1744-7429.2007.00335.x. ISSN 1744-7429. OCLC 5155811169. Retrieved 21 November 2017.
    • Yumoto, Takakazu (August 2000). "Bird-Pollination of Three Durio Species (Bombacaceae) in a Tropical Rainforest in Sarawak, Malaysia" (PDF). American Journal of Botany. Botanical Society of America, Inc. 87 (8): 1185. ISSN 1537-2197. Retrieved 14 November 2017. Wet masses of fruits recorded in Lambir Hills National Park were as follows: D. graveolens, 757. 5 g;... (T. Yumoto, unpublished data)
    • Hambali, GG; Yatazawa, M; Sunarto, AT (1989). Siemonsma, J.S.; Wulijarni-Soetjipto, N., eds. "Wild Durio Germplasm for improving fruit quality and performance of Durio zibethinus" (PDF). Plant Resources of South-East Asia Proceedings of the First PROSEA International Symposium May 22–25, 1989, Jakarta, Indonesia. Wageningen, Netherlands: Pudoc Wageningen: 261. ISBN 90-220-0999-8. OCLC 956468165. Retrieved 12 November 2017. Four hybrid seedlings were obtained in the crosses between D. zibethinus and D. graveolens, whereas no fruit set was observed in the crosses between D. zibethinus and D. oxleyanus, and between D. oxleyanus and D. graveolens.
    • Soepadmo, Engkik; Eow, BK (31 August 1977). Mabberley, DJ; Lan, Chang Kiaw, eds. "The Reproductive Biology of Durio zibethinus Murr" (pdf). The Gardens' bulletin, Singapore. Authority. 29: 25–33. ISSN 2382-5812. OCLC 918436212. Retrieved 12 November 2017.
    • Start, A.N.; Marshall, A.G. (1976). "Nectarivorous Bats as Pollinators of Trees in West Malaysia". In Burley, J.; Styles, B.T. Tropical Trees: Variation, Breeding and Conservation. Linnean Society Symposium Series. 2. London, UK: Academic Press. pp. 141–159. ISBN 012145150X. OCLC 476102040.
    • Fredriksson, Gabriella M.; Wich, Serge A.; Trisno (1 November 2006). "Frugivory in sun bears (Helarctos malayanus) is linked to El Niño-related fluctuations in fruiting phenology, East Kalimantan, Indonesia". Biological Journal of the Linnean Society. London, UK: The Linnean Society of London. 89 (3): 489–508. doi:10.1111/j.1095-8312.2006.00688.x. ISSN 1095-8312. Retrieved 6 November 2017. Durio graveolens Bombacaceae S fr Tr    ?[SOURCE - RETRIVED FROM  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Durio_graveolens  ON   3/18/2018]
Seeds for this tree can be obtained from Trade Winds, and here is their catalog description,   4376 - Durio graveolens - Red Fleshed Durian
A spectacular Durian species from southeast Asia, known for its bright red flesh. It is the most popular of the wild durian's, and is occasionally cultivated, though often found in local markets through its native range. The flesh has much less of an odor as compared to the common durian. Large, tropical tree, not frost hardy.   ?[SOURCE - RETRIVED FROM  https://mail.yahoo.com/d/folders/1/messages/42156  ON   3/17/2018]

Pictures of this tree and fruit can be viewed at    https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Durio_graveolens 

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