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Re: Almighty God’s (YHWH) Great Gift to Mankind, The Rare Fruit Trees
Hi Everyone:
Here is a Commentary on Bountiful Trees and Vegetables God (YHWH) has provided for mankind, specifically the Alupag, Dimocarpus didyma.
The rare Alupag bears longan-like fruits with noticeable warts on the skin. Flesh is very tasty, like the longan, with a fairly large seed. The fruit is appreciated in its native range, but generally put aside for its better known and highly selected relatives, the lychee and longan. [source - retrieved from on 5/23/2013]
Tree up to 30 m high; stem up to 1.25 m in diameter, stem fluted, outer bark sometimes scaly or flaky.
Leaves pinnate, 1-3-, mostly 2-jugate, spirally arranged; leaflets elliptic, 8-11 x 2.8-4.5 cm, stiff-coriaceous; midrib beneath prominent and rounded, usually brittle; lamina glaucous on undersurface.
Flowers whitish or creamish yellow, small, in terminal or axillary thyrses.
Fruits 2.5-3 x 2-2.5 cm, the surface with pyramidal warts, yellowish-brown; seed glossy black, covered partly with white aril.
The fruit is a lot like lychee its closest relative in taste and the way it is eaten – of very good flavor.
This subspecies is endemic to the Philippines (Luzon, Sibuyan, Samar, and Mindanao); a single herbarium specimen has been reported from SE New Guinea. The species occurs in S China, Vietnam, Cambodia, Thailand, Malay Peninsula, Borneo, Java, and widely cultivated in subtro
[source - retrieved from on 5/23/2013]
In Genesis 1:11-13, "And God said, Let the earth put forth grass, herbs yielding seed, and fruit-trees bearing fruit after their kind, wherein is the seed thereof, upon the earth: and it was so. 12 And the earth brought forth grass, herbs yielding seed after their kind, and trees bearing fruit, wherein is the seed thereof, after their kind: and God saw that it was good. 13 And there was evening and there was morning, a third day. (American Standard Version, ASV)[for more details, go to www.jw.org].
This tree and its fruit can be viewed along with other rare fruits at,
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Re: Almighty God’s (YHWH) Great Gift to Mankind, The Rare Fruit Trees
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Here is a Commentary on Bountiful Trees and Vegetables God (YHWH) has provided for mankind, specifically the Amazon Grape, Amazon Tree-grape or Uvilla; Pourouma cecropiifolia (syn. P. multifida) is a species of Pourouma, native to tropical South America, in the western Amazon Basin in northern Bolivia, western Brazil, southeastern Colombia, eastern Ecuador, eastern Peru, and southern Venezuela.[1]
It is a medium-sized evergreen tree growing to 20 m tall. The leaves are palmately compound, with 9–11 leaflets 10–20 cm long and 2.5–4 cm broad, on a 20 cm petiole. The flowers are white, produced 20 or more together in a 10 cm long inflorescence; it is dioecious, with male and female flowers on separate trees. The fruit is ovoid, 1–2 cm long, purple when ripe, grape-like except for its wintergreen smell; the skin is rough, inedible but easily peeled.[2][3]
Agriculture
The fruit is sweet and juicy, eaten fresh and made into jams. The tree grows quickly, and grows well in poor upland soils. It is vulnerable to floods. The fruit is susceptible to fungal attacks and does not keep well, which limits its commercial viability.[3]
References
1. ^ Germplasm Resources Information Network: Pourouma cecropiifolia
2. ^ Huxley, A., ed. (1992). New RHS Dictionary of Gardening. Macmillan ISBN 0-333-47494-5.
3. ^ a b "Pourouma cecropiifolia". Rainforest Conservation Fund. Archived from the original on 2007-02-28. Retrieved 2007-05-01. [source - retrieved from on 5/23/2013]
In Genesis 1:11-13, "And God said, Let the earth put forth grass, herbs yielding seed, and fruit-trees bearing fruit after their kind, wherein is the seed thereof, upon the earth: and it was so. 12 And the earth brought forth grass, herbs yielding seed after their kind, and trees bearing fruit, wherein is the seed thereof, after their kind: and God saw that it was good. 13 And there was evening and there was morning, a third day. (American Standard Version, ASV)[for more details, go to www.jw.org].
Place of Origin
Native to Central and tropical South America, in the nations of Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, Bolivia and Peru.
Places and Types of Utilization
In the Peruvian forest, the tree is cultivated in the Departments of Loreto, Ucayali, St Martin, Mother of God, Huánuco, the Amazon, Pasco and Junín. It is a sweet, juicy fruit good for eating and making into jams. The tree grows quickly, reaches up to twenty metres in height and grows well in poor...
Places and Types of Utilization
In the Peruvian forest, the tree is cultivated in the Departments of Loreto, Ucayali, St Martin, Mother of God, Huánuco, the Amazon, Pasco and Junín. It is a sweet, juicy fruit good for eating and making into jams. The tree grows quickly, reaches up to twenty metres in height and grows well in poor upland soils. It is vulnerable to floods. The fruit is susceptible to fungal attacks and doesn't keep well, which limits its commercial viability. [source - retrieved from on 5/23/2013]
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Re: Almighty God’s (YHWH) Great Gift to Mankind, The Rare Fruit Trees
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Here is a Commentary on Bountiful Trees and Vegetables God (YHWH) has provided for mankind, specifically the The "Beaumont Red" guava is commonly grown in Hawaii, and this behemoth -- for a guava -- can tip the scales at a pound. It can be identified by its bright yellow exterior and pink flesh, and it's nonacidic and nonmusky. Many guavas can be particularly seedy, so the "Pear" cultivar, named for its green skin and pearlike shape, is a welcome alternative with few seeds. Its orange-pink flesh is tasty too. The medium-sized "South African" guava has a yellow skin and pink flesh. According to a report by the U.S. Forest Service Pacific Southwest Research station, the common strawberry guava (Psidium cattleianum), an interloper from Brazil, is considered an invasive species in Hawaii because it crowds out natural plants and gives nasty insects an ideal place to breed. (source - retrieved from on 4/1/2013)
Introduction [The following covers research done at Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Design, North Carolina A&T State University, Greensboro, North Carolina, USA, by ?Xiaomei Liu, Guochen Yang]
Guava (Psidium guajava L), sometimes called the apple of tropics, is a very valuable tropical and subtropical fruit representing a staple food in many countries. It is a rich natural source of vitamin C as well as a good source of calcium, phosphorous, iron and pectin.1 It also contains many high-grade antioxidants such as, lycopene, carotenoids and polyphenols.2 These compounds are superstar chemicals that are believed to help reduce the incidence of degenerative diseases such as arthritis, arteriosclerosis, diabetes, cancer, heart disease, inflammation and brain dysfunction Antioxidants have also been reported to retard aging.3,4,5
Because of its widespread cultivation, guava production is facing major agronomic and horticultural problems including susceptibility to many pathogens, such as guava wilting, low fruit growth, short shelf life, high seed content, and stress sensitivity. Conventional breeding methods to improve woody species like guava are limited because these plants generally have long juvenile growth periods, experience self incompatibility, and are heterozygous. In addition, seed originated guava plantlets often do not maintain the genetic purity of the variety due to the segregation and recombination of characters during sexual reproduction, whereas high internal fungi, bacteria contamination and phenolic compounds exudation tend to limit in vitro cultures of the guava plant.6
Genetic engineering has been considered a promising production alternative since it shortens the breeding period. For this approach to gain wide acceptance an efficient micro-propagation and regeneration procedure to produce large numbers of rooted plants from unique plants is a prerequisite. Also, clonal propagation reduces plant-to-plant variation to ensure uniform populations of unique clones. Morphogenesis from explants derived from mature trees is of great commercial value because it facilitates direct cultivar improvement. However, there are several problems associated with in vitro cultures of these explants including browning or blackening of culture medium due to leaching of phenolics, microbial contamination, and in vitro tissue recalcitrance.7
The tendency of guava to exude phenolic compounds into the media makes the regeneration process particularly difficult. A number of approaches have been tried to get rid of phenolic compounds from guava tissue cultures. Brookdrijk,8 for example, used silver nitrate for sterilization and achieved a 70% success rate. Concepción et al.9 found that PVPP was better than citric acid and ascorbic acid for controlling exudation of phenolic compounds.
Pretreatment of guava explants in 0.2% ascorbic acid also has been found effective in helping to overcome the browning problem, achieving an establishment rate of 64.4%.10 Joshee et al.11 found that dark treatments were helpful for guava in vitro culture establishment. Zamir et al.12 investigated the effect of different surface sterilization agents and antioxidants on guava and found that mercuric chloride produced the maximum survival rate of 67%. However, because of the danger of environmental pollution mercury compounds are not recommended.
Other workers have shown advances in guava production through tissue culture. Yasseen et al.13 established a propagation culture system from germinated seedings. Rooted plantlets were acclimatized into a greenhouse. The levels and kinds of plant growth regulators included in the culture medium were found to largely determine the success of tissue culture. Cytokinin levels especially have been shown to be critical for multiplication of many tropical fruit trees. BA has been the most common cytokinin used for guava propagation.6,13,14,15,16 However, proliferation of elite, mature genotypes or commercial cultivars is much more difficult than tissues from juvenile sources. Successful propagation from mature guava trees has been limited. Amin and Jaiswal 14 reported plantlet formation from mature tissue of guava and the best shoots multiplication rate was achieved when using BA (4.5 mM) only, but the survival and response rate of shoot tip explants were low.
In this paper, we report a protocol for rapid clonal propagation of guava using in vitro shoot proliferation on nodal explants of adult trees from elite cultivar.
Materials and Methods
Establishment of nodal explants cultures
Apical shoots explants, about 5-7 cm, were collected from four 10 year-old, greenhouse-growing, elite mature guava cultivar Beaumont (Figure 1A). This cultivar was selected because it produced large, pink-fleshed fruits with few seeds. Shoots apices and nodal segments of new shoots were brought to the laboratory in water where the outer leaves were removed. The shoots were washed thoroughly under running tap water, and then samples of the explant materials were subjected to different surface sterilization applications (Table 1). The treated explants were either stirred or not stirred in 0.5% (w/v) PVP solution for 40 mins followed by a 15% bleach solution for 20 mins and then washed with sterile water for five times. Nodal sections were placed vertically in the G7 Magenta boxes (Magenta Corporation, Chicago, IL, USA.) containing 50 mL of Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium17 with 3% (v/v) sucrose, 8.88 ?M BA and 0.7% Difco-Bacto agar, with or without 250 mg/L PVP. The pH of the medium was adjusted to 5.7 before the addition of agar and autoclaved at 121°C for 20 min. Cultures were incubated at 25°C under a 16-h photoperiod provided by cool-white fluorescent lamps (80-100 ?mol m-2 s-1). The media was changed 2-3 times over the first 10 to 14 days of the study to control phenolic exudation and to establish the in vitro culture.
The number of explants developing new shoots was expressed in terms of percentages. Browning rate, contamination rate and clean cultures were recorded approximately 2 weeks after culture initiation. For each treatment, at least 20 explants were tested and each experiment was replicated three times. The results were quantified as a mean ± se of three independent experiments. The data were analyzed statistically using one factorial analysis of variance; significant differences between means were assessed using Duncan’s multiple range test at P=0.05.
References
?1. Singh G. Strategies for improved production in guava. In: Kishun R, Mishra AK, Singh G, Chandra R (eds) Proceeding of 1st international guava symposium. 2005; CISH, Lucknow, India, pp 26-39.
2. Jiménez-Escrig A, Rincón M, Pulido R, et al. Guava Fruit (Psidium guajava L.) as a New Source of Antioxidant Dietary Fiber. J Agric Food Chem 2001;49:5489-93.[CrossRef] [PubMed]
3. Feskanich D, Ziegler RG, Michaud DS, et al. Prospective study of fruit and vegetable consumption and risk of lung cancer among men and women. J Natl Cancer Inst 2000;92:1812-23.[CrossRef] [PubMed]
4. Gordon MH. Dietary antioxidants in disease prevention. Natural Product Rep 1996;265-73.[CrossRef] [PubMed]
5. Halliwell B. Antioxidants in human health and disease. Anu Nutr Rev 1996;16:33-50.[CrossRef] [PubMed]
6. Ali N, Mulwa RMS, Norton MA, et al. Micropropagation of guava (Psidium guajava L.). J Hort Sci Biotechnol 2003;78:739-41.
7. Rai MK, Jaiswal VS, Jaiswal U. Shoot multiplication and plant regeneration of guava (psidium guajava l.) from nodal explants of in vitro raised plantlets. J Fruit Ornam Plant Res 2009;17:29-38.
8. Broodrijk M. New sterilization method for the in vitro culture of guavas (Psidium guajava). Information Bulletin - Citrus and Subtropical Fruit Research Institute 1989.
9. Concepcion O, Napoles L, Perez AT, et al. The effect of three antioxidants on the in vitro culture of guava (Psidium guajava L.) shoot tips. Relationship between explant origin and phenolic compound content. Cultivos Tropicales 2005;26:33-9.
10. Mangal M, Sharma D, Sharma M, et al. In vitro plantlet regeneration in guava from nodal segments. Phytomorphology 2008;58:103-8.
11. Joshee N, Mutua M, Yadav AK, et al. In vitro shoot bud induction and plantlet regeneration in guava as influenced by genotype. Acta Hort 2004;632:279-85. [Abstract]
12. Zamir R, Shan ST, Ali N. et al. Studies on in vitro surface sterilization and antioxidants on guava shoot tips and nodal explants. Pakistan J Biotech 2004;1:12-6.
13. Yasseen MY, Barringer SA, Schnell RJ, et al. In vitro shoot proliferation of guava (Psidium guajava L.) from germinated seedlings. Plant Cell Rep 1995;14:525-8. [Abstract]
14. Amin MN, Jaiswal VS. Rapid clonal propagation of guava through in vitro shoot proliferation on nodal explants of mature trees. Plant Cell Tiss Org Cul 1987;9:235-43.[CrossRef] [Abstract]
15. Loh CS, Rao AN. Clonal propagation of guava (Psidium guajava L.) from seedlings and grafted plants and adventitious shoot formation in vitro. Scientia Hortic 1989;39:31-9.[CrossRef] [Abstract]
16. Papadatau P, Pontikis CA, Ephtimiadou E, et al. Rapid multiplication of guava seedlings by in vitro shoot tip culture. Scientia Hortic 1990;45:99-103.[CrossRef] [Abstract]
17. Murashige T, Skoog F. A revised medium for rapid growth and bioassays with tobacco tissue cultures. Physiol Plant 1962;15: 473-97.[CrossRef] [Abstract]
18. Liu X, Pijut PM. Plant regeneration from in vitro leaves of mature black cherry (Prunus serotina). Plant Cell Tiss Org Cult 2008;94:113-23.[CrossRef] [Abstract]
19. Bosela MJ, Michler CH. Media effects on black walnut (Juglans nigra L.) shoot culture growth in vitro: evaluation of multiple nutrient formulations and cytokinin types. In vitro Cell Dev Biol 2008;44:316-29.[CrossRef] [Abstract]
20. Amin MN, Jaiswal VS. In vitro propagation of guava (Psidium guajava L.): effects of sucrose, agar and pH on growth and proliferation of shoots. Bangladesh J Bot 1989;18:1-8.
21. Mederos S, Rodríguez Enríquez MJ. In vitro propagation of "golden times" roses, factors affecting shoot tips and axillary buds growth and morphogenesis. Acta Hort 1987;212:619-24. [Abstract]
22. Durand-Cresswell R, Nitsch C. Factors affecting the regeneration of Eucalyptus grandis by organ culture. Acta Hort 1977; 78:149-55.
23. McComb JA. Clonal propagation of woody plants using tissue culture, with special reference to apples. Proc Int Plant Propag Soc 1978;28:413-6.
24. Ahuja MR. Micropropagation of juvenile and mature beech and oak. In: Editors, D. A. Somers, B.G. Gengenbach, D.D. Biesboer, W.P. Hackett, C.E. Green Abstract of VI Intemational Congress of Plant Tissue and Cell Culture, 1986; August 3-8, Minnesota, USA, p11.
25. Abenavoli MR, Pennisi AM. The effect of PVP on chestnut callus formation. Acta Hort 1998;457:17-20.[Abstract]
26. Malik SK, Chaudhury R, Kalia RK. Rapid in vitro multiplication and conservation of Garcinia indica: a tropical medicinal tree species. Sci Hort 2005;106:539-53.[CrossRef] [Abstract]
27. Singh SK, Meghwal PR, Sharma HC, et al. Direct shoot organogenesis on explants from germinated seedlings of Psidium guajava L. cv. Allahabad Safeda. Sci Hort 2002;95:213-21.[CrossRef] [Abstract] (source - retrieved from on 4/1/2013)
In Genesis 1:11-13, "And God said, Let the earth put forth grass, herbs yielding seed, and fruit-trees bearing fruit after their kind, wherein is the seed thereof, upon the earth: and it was so. 12 And the earth brought forth grass, herbs yielding seed after their kind, and trees bearing fruit, wherein is the seed thereof, after their kind: and God saw that it was good. 13 And there was evening and there was morning, a third day. (American Standard Version, ASV)[for more details, go to www.jw.org].
View tree and fruit at,
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Francis David said it long ago, "Neither the sword of popes...nor the image of death will halt the march of truth."Francis David, 1579, written on the wall of his prison cell." Read the book, "What Does The Bible Really Teach" and the Bible today, and go to www.jw.org!
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Re: Almighty God’s (YHWH) Great Gift to Mankind, The Rare Fruit Trees
Almighty God’s (YHWH) Great Gift to Mankind, The Rare Fruit Trees and Herbs
Here is a Commentary on Bountiful Trees and Vegetables God (YHWH) has provided for mankind, specifically the BIGNAY, Antisdesma Bunius:
In Genesis 1:11-13, "And God said, Let the earth put forth grass, herbs yielding seed, and fruit-trees bearing fruit after their kind, wherein is the seed thereof, upon the earth: and it was so. 12 And the earth brought forth grass, herbs yielding seed after their kind, and trees bearing fruit, wherein is the seed thereof, after their kind: and God saw that it was good. 13 And there was evening and there was morning, a third day. (American Standard Version, ASV)
This is both a very interesting and a very rare fruit with probably less than 200 in the entire United States. It produces a small berry with a flavor and size of a small blueberry. Its growth habits vary very widely and it can be anything from a small bush to a towering tree of over 40 feet. In the Mounts Botanical Garden in West Palm Beach, just off of Military Trail, there is a towering specimen of over 40 feet that all should go look at.
The Bignay is native to southeastern Asia, Malaya and western Australia. There is a tremendous variety with respect quality of fruit. Some being of such poor flavor as to be hardly fit for human consumption and others with excellent fruit that almost everyone would highly enjoy. The tree previously mentioned as growing in the the Mounts Botanical Garden in West Palm Beach produces some excellent fruit. [Note: the the Mounts Botanical Garden in West Palm Beach is open to the public, free of charge 6 days a week between 9:00 a.m. and 5:00 p.m. Eastern Standard Time, and I would recommend a visit there when ever you happen to be in south Florida].
Interestingly the fruit sets best on female trees that have not been pollinated; however, seeds from such fruit will not germinate. Propagation in the USA is done with air layers, cuttings, or graftings; I know of NO male trees in the USA.
The fruit, although rather small, makes a good drink, excellent jellies and jams and is very rich in vitamin C. The fruit is subacid and quite flavorful and is green when not ripe and jet black when ripe, and borne is large clusters. Most Bignays are quite prolific and produce in south Florida at least two crops per year. The tree, especially in bush form, is very attractive and pleasing to look at.
I even know of one person growing one in a heated sunroom in St. Paul, Minnesota, but I would NOT recommend it as a house plant for the north.
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Re: Almighty God’s (YHWH) Great Gift to Mankind, The Rare Fruit Trees
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Here is a Commentary on Bountiful Trees and Vegetables God (YHWH) has provided for mankind, specifically the bilimbi, Averrhoa bilimbi, L., (Oxalidaceae), is closely allied to the carambola but quite different in appearance, manner of fruiting, flavor and uses. The only strictly English names are "cucumber tree" and "tree sorrel", bestowed by the British in colonial times. "Bilimbi" is the common name in India and has become widely used. In Malaya, it is called belimbing asam, belimbing buloh, b'ling, or billing-billing. In Indonesia, it is belimbing besu, balimbing, blimbing, or blimbing wuluh; in Thailand, it is taling pling, or kaling pring.
In Haiti, it is called blimblin; in Jamaica, bimbling plum; in Cuba, it is grosella china; in El Salvador and Nicaragua, mimbro; in Costa Rica, mimbro or tiriguro; in Venezuela, vinagrillo; in Surinam and Guyana, birambi; in Argentina, pepino de Indias. To the French it is carambolier bilimbi, or cornichon des Indes. Filipinos generally call it kamias but there are about a dozen other native names.
The tree is attractive, long-lived, reaches 16 to 33 ft (5-10 m) in height; has a short trunk soon dividing into a number of upright branches. The leaves, very similar to those of the Otaheite gooseberry and mainly clustered at the branch tips, are alternate, imparipirmate; 12 to 24 in (30-60 cm) long, with 11 to 37 alternate or subopposite leaflets, ovate or oblong, with rounded base and pointed tip; downy; medium-green on the upper surface, pale on the underside; 3/4 to 4 in (2-10 cm) long, 1/2 to 1 1/8 in (1.2-1.25 cm) wide.
Small, fragrant, 5-petalled flowers, yellowish-green or purplish marked with dark-purple, are borne in small, hairy panicles emerging directly from the trunk and oldest, thickest branches and some twigs, as do the clusters of curious fruits. The bilimbi is ellipsoid, obovoid or nearly cylindrical, faintly 5-sided, 1 1/2 to 4 in (4-10 cm) long; capped by a thin, star-shaped calyx at the stem-end and tipped with 5 hair-like floral remnants at the apex. The fruit is crisp when unripe, turns from bright-green to yellowish-green, ivory or nearly white when ripe and falls to the ground. The outer skin is glossy, very thin, soft and tender, and the flesh green, jelly-like, juicy and extremely acid. There may be a few (perhaps 6 or 7) flattened, disc-like seeds about 1/4 in (6 mm) wide, smooth and brown. [source - retrieved from on 01/01/2013]
In Genesis 1:11-13, "And God said, Let the earth put forth grass, herbs yielding seed, and fruit-trees bearing fruit after their kind, wherein is the seed thereof, upon the earth: and it was so. 12 And the earth brought forth grass, herbs yielding seed after their kind, and trees bearing fruit, wherein is the seed thereof, after their kind: and God saw that it was good. 13 And there was evening and there was morning, a third day. (American Standard Version, ASV)[for more details, go to www.jw.org].
Climate
The bilimbi is a tropical species, more sensitive to cold than the carambola, especially when very young. In Florida, it needs protection from cold and wind. Ideally, rainfall should be rather evenly distributed throughout most of the year but there should be a 2- to 3-month dry season. The bilimbi is not found in the wettest zones of Malaya. The tree makes slow growth in shady or semi-shady situations. It should be in full sun.
Soil
While the bilimbi does best in rich, moist, but well-drained soil, it grows and fruits quite well on sand or limestone.
Propagation
Most efforts at grafting and budding have not been rewarding, though Wester had success in shield-budding, utilizing non-petioled, ripe, brown budwood cut 1 1/2 to 2 in (3.8-5 cm) long. Air-layering has been practiced in Indonesia for many years. However, the tree is more widely grown from seed.
Bilimbi trees are vigorous and receive no special horticultural attention. It has been suggested that they would respond well to whatever cultural treatment gives good results with the carambola.
Season, Harvesting and Keeping Quality
In India as in Florida, the tree begins to flower about February and then blooms and fruits more or less continuously until December. The fruits are picked by hand, singly or in clusters. They need gentle handling because of the thin skin. They cannot be kept on hand for more than a few days.
Pests and Diseases
No pests or diseases have been reported specifically for the bilimbi.
Food Uses
The bilimbi is generally regarded as too acid for eating raw, but in Costa Rica, the green, uncooked fruits are prepared as a relish which is served with rice and beans. Sometimes it is an accompaniment for fish and meat. Ripe fruits are frequently added to curries in the Far East. They yield 44.2% juice having a pH of 4.47, and the juice is popular for making cooling beverages on the order of lemonade.
Mainly, the bilimbi is used in place of mango to make chutney, and it is much preserved. To reduce acidity, it may be first pricked and soaked in water overnight, or soaked in salted water for a shorter time; then it is boiled with much sugar to make a jam or an acid jelly. The latter, in Malaya, is added to stewed fruits that are oversweet. Half-ripe fruits are salted, set out in the sun, and pickled in brine and can be thus kept for 3 months. A quicker pickle is made by putting the fruits and salt into boiling water. This product can be kept only 4 to 5 days. [source - retrieved from on 01/01/2013]
Medicinal benefits in Bilimbi
* The leaves of bilimbi are used as a treatment for venereal disease.
* The leaf decoction is taken as a medicine to relieve from rectal inflammation.
* The fruit seems to be effective against coughs and thrush.
* It fights against cholestrol and is used as a tonic and laxative.
* The fruit is also known to control internal bleeding in the stomach.
* The leaves serve as a paste on itches, swelling, mumps or skin eruptions.
* Syrup made from Bilimbi is a cure for fever and inflammation.
* It is also used to stop rectal bleeding and alleviate internal hemorrhoids.
[source - retrieved from on 01/01/2013]
How this tree and other plants absorb water from the ground. Plants have developed an effective system to absorb, translocate, store, and utilize water. Plants contain a vast network of conduits, which consists of xylem and phloem tissues. These conducting tissues start in the roots and continue up through the trunks of trees, into the branches and then into every leaf. Phloem tissue is made of living elongated cells that are connected to one another and responsible for translocating nutrients and sugars (carbohydrates), which are produced by leaves for energy and growth. The xylem is also composed of elongated cells but once the cells are formed, they die. The walls of the xylem cells still remain intact and serve as an excellent peipline to transport water from the roots to the leaves.
The main driving force of water uptake and transport into a plant is transpiration of water from leaves through specialized openings called stomata. Heat from the sun causes the water to evaporate, setting this ‘water chain’ in motion. The evaporation creates a negative water vapor pressure. Water is pulled into the leaf to replace the water that has transpired from the leaf. This pulling of water, or tension, occurs in the xylem of the leaf. Since the xylem is a continuous water column that extends from the leaf to the roots, this negative water pressure extends into the roots and results in water uptake from the soil. [adapted from: ]
Clearly this clever water transport system shows a superior intelligence of the Creator (YHWH).
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Re: Almighty God’s (YHWH) Great Gift to Mankind, The Rare Fruit Trees
Hi Everyone:
Here is a Commentary on Bountiful Trees and Vegetables God (YHWH) has provided for mankind, specifically the bilimbi, Averrhoa bilimbi, L., (Oxalidaceae), is closely allied to the carambola but quite different in appearance, manner of fruiting, flavor and uses. The only strictly English names are "cucumber tree" and "tree sorrel", bestowed by the British in colonial times. "Bilimbi" is the common name in India and has become widely used. In Malaya, it is called belimbing asam, belimbing buloh, b'ling, or billing-billing. In Indonesia, it is belimbing besu, balimbing, blimbing, or blimbing wuluh; in Thailand, it is taling pling, or kaling pring.
In Haiti, it is called blimblin; in Jamaica, bimbling plum; in Cuba, it is grosella china; in El Salvador and Nicaragua, mimbro; in Costa Rica, mimbro or tiriguro; in Venezuela, vinagrillo; in Surinam and Guyana, birambi; in Argentina, pepino de Indias. To the French it is carambolier bilimbi, or cornichon des Indes. Filipinos generally call it kamias but there are about a dozen other native names.
The tree is attractive, long-lived, reaches 16 to 33 ft (5-10 m) in height; has a short trunk soon dividing into a number of upright branches. The leaves, very similar to those of the Otaheite gooseberry and mainly clustered at the branch tips, are alternate, imparipirmate; 12 to 24 in (30-60 cm) long, with 11 to 37 alternate or subopposite leaflets, ovate or oblong, with rounded base and pointed tip; downy; medium-green on the upper surface, pale on the underside; 3/4 to 4 in (2-10 cm) long, 1/2 to 1 1/8 in (1.2-1.25 cm) wide.
Small, fragrant, 5-petalled flowers, yellowish-green or purplish marked with dark-purple, are borne in small, hairy panicles emerging directly from the trunk and oldest, thickest branches and some twigs, as do the clusters of curious fruits. The bilimbi is ellipsoid, obovoid or nearly cylindrical, faintly 5-sided, 1 1/2 to 4 in (4-10 cm) long; capped by a thin, star-shaped calyx at the stem-end and tipped with 5 hair-like floral remnants at the apex. The fruit is crisp when unripe, turns from bright-green to yellowish-green, ivory or nearly white when ripe and falls to the ground. The outer skin is glossy, very thin, soft and tender, and the flesh green, jelly-like, juicy and extremely acid. There may be a few (perhaps 6 or 7) flattened, disc-like seeds about 1/4 in (6 mm) wide, smooth and brown. [source - retrieved from on 01/01/2013]
In Genesis 1:11-13, "And God said, Let the earth put forth grass, herbs yielding seed, and fruit-trees bearing fruit after their kind, wherein is the seed thereof, upon the earth: and it was so. 12 And the earth brought forth grass, herbs yielding seed after their kind, and trees bearing fruit, wherein is the seed thereof, after their kind: and God saw that it was good. 13 And there was evening and there was morning, a third day. (American Standard Version, ASV)[for more details, go to www.jw.org].
Climate
The bilimbi is a tropical species, more sensitive to cold than the carambola, especially when very young. In Florida, it needs protection from cold and wind. Ideally, rainfall should be rather evenly distributed throughout most of the year but there should be a 2- to 3-month dry season. The bilimbi is not found in the wettest zones of Malaya. The tree makes slow growth in shady or semi-shady situations. It should be in full sun.
Soil
While the bilimbi does best in rich, moist, but well-drained soil, it grows and fruits quite well on sand or limestone.
Propagation
Most efforts at grafting and budding have not been rewarding, though Wester had success in shield-budding, utilizing non-petioled, ripe, brown budwood cut 1 1/2 to 2 in (3.8-5 cm) long. Air-layering has been practiced in Indonesia for many years. However, the tree is more widely grown from seed.
Bilimbi trees are vigorous and receive no special horticultural attention. It has been suggested that they would respond well to whatever cultural treatment gives good results with the carambola.
Season, Harvesting and Keeping Quality
In India as in Florida, the tree begins to flower about February and then blooms and fruits more or less continuously until December. The fruits are picked by hand, singly or in clusters. They need gentle handling because of the thin skin. They cannot be kept on hand for more than a few days.
Pests and Diseases
No pests or diseases have been reported specifically for the bilimbi.
Food Uses
The bilimbi is generally regarded as too acid for eating raw, but in Costa Rica, the green, uncooked fruits are prepared as a relish which is served with rice and beans. Sometimes it is an accompaniment for fish and meat. Ripe fruits are frequently added to curries in the Far East. They yield 44.2% juice having a pH of 4.47, and the juice is popular for making cooling beverages on the order of lemonade.
Mainly, the bilimbi is used in place of mango to make chutney, and it is much preserved. To reduce acidity, it may be first pricked and soaked in water overnight, or soaked in salted water for a shorter time; then it is boiled with much sugar to make a jam or an acid jelly. The latter, in Malaya, is added to stewed fruits that are oversweet. Half-ripe fruits are salted, set out in the sun, and pickled in brine and can be thus kept for 3 months. A quicker pickle is made by putting the fruits and salt into boiling water. This product can be kept only 4 to 5 days. [source - retrieved from on 01/01/2013]
Medicinal benefits in Bilimbi
* The leaves of bilimbi are used as a treatment for venereal disease.
* The leaf decoction is taken as a medicine to relieve from rectal inflammation.
* The fruit seems to be effective against coughs and thrush.
* It fights against cholestrol and is used as a tonic and laxative.
* The fruit is also known to control internal bleeding in the stomach.
* The leaves serve as a paste on itches, swelling, mumps or skin eruptions.
* Syrup made from Bilimbi is a cure for fever and inflammation.
* It is also used to stop rectal bleeding and alleviate internal hemorrhoids.
[source - retrieved from on 01/01/2013]
How this tree and other plants absorb water from the ground. Plants have developed an effective system to absorb, translocate, store, and utilize water. Plants contain a vast network of conduits, which consists of xylem and phloem tissues. These conducting tissues start in the roots and continue up through the trunks of trees, into the branches and then into every leaf. Phloem tissue is made of living elongated cells that are connected to one another and responsible for translocating nutrients and sugars (carbohydrates), which are produced by leaves for energy and growth. The xylem is also composed of elongated cells but once the cells are formed, they die. The walls of the xylem cells still remain intact and serve as an excellent peipline to transport water from the roots to the leaves.
The main driving force of water uptake and transport into a plant is transpiration of water from leaves through specialized openings called stomata. Heat from the sun causes the water to evaporate, setting this ‘water chain’ in motion. The evaporation creates a negative water vapor pressure. Water is pulled into the leaf to replace the water that has transpired from the leaf. This pulling of water, or tension, occurs in the xylem of the leaf. Since the xylem is a continuous water column that extends from the leaf to the roots, this negative water pressure extends into the roots and results in water uptake from the soil. [adapted from: ]
Clearly this clever water transport system shows a superior intelligence of the Creator (YHWH).
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Francis David said it long ago, "Neither the sword of popes...nor the image of death will halt the march of truth."Francis David, 1579, written on the wall of his prison cell." Read the book, "What Does The Bible Really Teach" and the Bible today, and go to www.jw.org!
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Re: Almighty God’s (YHWH) Great Gift to Mankind, The Rare Fruit Trees
Hi Everyone:
Here is a Commentary on Bountiful Trees and Vegetables God (YHWH) has provided for mankind, specifically the Munyii, also known as the Bird Plum Tree, Berchemia Discolor. The tree is widespread and scattered in open woodlands or at lower altitudes, along river valleys, and in sandy soil in woodlands . It also grows on termite mounds. Sandy clay loams. It is often found on clays, and stream valley and riverine soils.
Fruit ripening occurs between January and March, towards the end of the long rains. The fruits can be eaten fresh and the pulp can be used for a drink. Both are quite nutritious as the fruit is very high in ascorbic acid and sugar.
The yellow-brown wood is one of the hardest in East and Central Africa. It makes excellent furniture, pestles, ladders, poles and is used in general construction. The roots produce a black colour, the wood brown, and the bark red.
The tree has also been featured on Zimbabwean Stamps (source - retrieved from on 4/1/2013)
Bird plum is a fruit from Africa. It wide spread from the Sudan to South Africa and growing in dry open woodland, semi-arid bushland and along riverbanks in Angola, Botswana, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Kenya, Madagascar, Malawi, Mozambique, Namibia, Somalia, South Africa, Swaziland, Tanzania, Uganda, Yemen, Republic of, Zambia and Zimbabwe
Bird plum grows naturally in various climates, from semi-arid areas to areas receiving rainfall in 4 years out of 5. It is found scattered in semi-desert grassland, open woodland or at lower altitudes along river valleys, especially on termite mounds. This tree tolerates drought but is damaged by frost or cold wind.
Description:
A shrub or a tree 3-20 m high, with erect spreading branches making a heavy rounded crown; bark rough, dark grey that flakes longitudinally;
A developing fruit of bird plum
Ripe bird plum fruits
Leaves, alternate or sub-opposite, entirely or obscurely crenate, shiny above, dull and glaucous below, broadly elliptic, ovate or obovate-elliptic-lanceolate, 2-9 x 2-5 cm, obtuse or acute at the apex, rounded or cuneate at the base; leaf stalks glabrous or pubescent, 1-1.8 cm long.
Flowers, small, solitary, thick, oblong or ellipsoid, 4-5 mm in diameter, greenish when young, turning yellowish after ripening.
Fruits are shaped like date, yellow, up to 20 x 8 mm; edible, sweet.
Seeds flat, 1-2 per fruit.
Utilization:
Bird plum fruits are eaten fresh. They taste like dates. These are also sold in markets.
The sugar content of the pulp is as high as 30%,. The vitamin C content is 65 mg/100 g. A beverage similar to tea is made from the leaves. Large quantities of the fruit are collected, dried and stored and later used by people in the low veld areas of South Africa.
Fruits are soaked in water over-night and the solution collected next day is very much liked by people. The fruit can also be boiled to be eaten with sorghum. In certain areas people use the leaves of this tree to make tea.
The seeds are also eaten. They taste like walnuts
The yellow-brown wood is one of the hardest in East and Central Africa. It makes excellent furniture, pestles, ladders, poles and is used in general construction.
The roots produce a black colour, the wood brown, and the bark red.
The species is multipurpose and is used for construction, furniture, bee forage, and fodder, ornamental, for resin and for shade. The powdered heartwood and the roots can be used to produce a black dye that is used by basket makers.
Cultivation:
Bird plum grows best on sandy clay loam soils in areas where the rainfall ranges 25 and 125 cm. It thrives best in open locations with plenty of sunlight.
New plants of bird plum can be raised from seed, root suckers and by coppicing. (source - retrieved from on 4/1/2013)
In Genesis 1:11-13, "And God said, Let the earth put forth grass, herbs yielding seed, and fruit-trees bearing fruit after their kind, wherein is the seed thereof, upon the earth: and it was so. 12 And the earth brought forth grass, herbs yielding seed after their kind, and trees bearing fruit, wherein is the seed thereof, after their kind: and God saw that it was good. 13 And there was evening and there was morning, a third day. (American Standard Version, ASV)[for more details, go to www.jw.org].
View plant and fruit at, ,+Berchemia+Discolor&hl=en&client=firefox&hs=mbh&rls=com.yahoo:en-US:official&tbm=isch&tbo=u&source=univ&sa=X&ei=oqBZUcCtItbi4AOiq4DICg&ved=0CDMQsAQ&biw=1280&bih=854
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Re: Almighty God’s (YHWH) Great Gift to Mankind, The Rare Fruit Trees
Hi Everyone:
Here is a Commentary on Bountiful Trees and Vegetables God (YHWH) has provided for mankind, specifically the bitter orange, Citrus x aurantium, also known as Seville orange, sour orange, bigarade orange, and marmalade orange, refers to a citrus tree (Citrus × aurantium) and its fruit. It is hybrid between Citrus maxima and Citrus reticulata. Many varieties of bitter orange are used for their essential oil, which is used in perfume, as a flavoring and as a solvent. The Seville orange variety is used in the production of marmalade.
Bitter orange is also employed in herbal medicine as a stimulant and appetite suppressant. The active ingredient, synephrine, has been linked to a number of deaths, and consumer groups advocate avoiding medicinal use of the fruit.
Varieties
* Citrus x aurantium subsp. amara is a spiny evergreen tree native to southern Vietnam, but widely cultivated. It is used as grafting stock for citrus trees, in marmalade, and in liqueur such as triple sec, Grand Marnier and Curaçao. It is also cultivated for the essential oil expressed from the fruit, and for neroli oil and orange flower water, which are distilled from the flowers.
* Seville orange (or bigarade) is a widely-known, particularly tart orange which is now grown throughout the Mediterranean region. It has a thick, dimpled skin, and is prized for making marmalade, being higher in pectin than the sweet orange, and therefore giving a better set and a higher yield. It is also used in compotes and for orange-flavored liqueurs. Once a year, oranges of this variety are collected from trees in Seville and shipped to Britain to be used in marmalade. However, the fruit is rarely consumed locally in Andalusia.
* Chinotto, from the myrtle-leaved orange tree, C. aurantium var. myrtifolia, is used for the namesake Italian soda beverage. This is sometimes considered a separate species.
* Daidai, C. aurantium var. daidai, is used in Chinese medicine and Japanese New Year celebrations. The aromatic flowers are added to tea.
* Wild Florida sour orange is found near small streams in generally secluded and wooded parts of Florida and the Bahamas. It was introduced to the area from Spain.[9]
* Bergamot orange is probably a bitter orange and limetta hybrid; it is cultivated in Italy for the production of bergamot oil, a component of many brands of perfume and tea, especially Earl Grey tea.
Uses
This orange is used as a rootstock in groves of sweet orange. The fruit and leaves make lather and can be used as soap. The hard white or light yellow wood is used in woodworking and made into baseball bats in Cuba.
Cooking
The unripe fruit, called narthangai, is commonly used in Southern Indian cuisine, especially in Tamil cuisine. It is pickled by cutting it into spirals and stuffing it with salt. The pickle is usually consumed with yoghurt rice thayir sadam. The fresh fruit is also used frequently in pachadis. The juice from the ripe fruit is also used as a marinade for meat in Nicaraguan, Cuban, Dominican and Haitian cooking, as it was in Peruvian Ceviche until the 1960s. The peel can be used in the production of bitters. In Mexico, it is a main ingredient of the cochinita pibil.
The Belgian Witbier (white beer) is made from wheat spiced with the peel of the bitter orange. The Finnish and Swedish use bitter orange peel in gingerbread (pepparkakor), some Christmas bread and in mämmi. It is also used in the Nordic mulled wine glögg. In Greece and Cyprus, the nerántzi or kitrómilon, respectively, is one of the most prized fruits used for spoon sweets, and the C. aurantium tree (nerantziá or kitromiliá) is a popular ornamental tree. Throughout Iran, the juice is popularly used as a salad dressing, souring agent in stews and pickles or as a marinade. The blossoms are collected fresh to make a prized sweet-smelling aromatic jam ("Bitter orange blossom jam" Morabba Bahar-Narendj), or added to brewing tea. In Turkey, juice of the ripe fruits can be used as salad dressing, especially in Çukurova region.
Herbal stimulant
The extract of bitter orange (and bitter orange peel) has been marketed as dietary supplement purported to act as a weight-loss aid and appetite suppressant. Bitter orange contains the tyramine metabolites N-methyltyramine, octopamine and synephrine, substances similar to epinephrine, which act on the ?1 adrenergic receptor to constrict blood vessels and increase blood pressure and heart rate. There is no evidence that bitter orange is effective in promoting weight loss.
Following bans on the herbal stimulant ephedra in the U.S., Canada, and elsewhere, bitter orange has been substituted into "ephedra-free" herbal weight-loss products by dietary supplement manufacturers. Like most dietary supplement ingredients, bitter orange has not undergone formal safety testing, but it is believed to cause the same spectrum of adverse events as ephedra. Case reports have linked bitter orange supplements to strokes, angina, and ischemic colitis.[ The U.S. National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine found that "there is currently little evidence that bitter orange is safer to use than ephedra. Bitter orange may have serious drug interactions with drugs such as statins in a similar way to grapefruit.[18]
Following an incident in which a healthy young man suffered a myocardial infarction (heart attack) linked to bitter orange, a case study found that dietary supplement manufacturers who replaced ephedra with its analogs from "bitter orange" had in effect found a loophole in the ephedra ban, substituting a similarly dangerous substance while labeling the products as "ephedra-free. (source - retrieved from on 1/26/2013)
In Genesis 1:11-13, "And God said, Let the earth put forth grass, herbs yielding seed, and fruit-trees bearing fruit after their kind, wherein is the seed thereof, upon the earth: and it was so. 12 And the earth brought forth grass, herbs yielding seed after their kind, and trees bearing fruit, wherein is the seed thereof, after their kind: and God saw that it was good. 13 And there was evening and there was morning, a third day. (American Standard Version, ASV)[for more details, go to www.jw.org].
To see pictures of various types of bitter oranges, go to,
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Francis David said it long ago, "Neither the sword of popes...nor the image of death will halt the march of truth."Francis David, 1579, written on the wall of his prison cell." Read the book, "What Does The Bible Really Teach" and the Bible today, and go to www.jw.org!
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Re: Almighty God’s (YHWH) Great Gift to Mankind, The Rare Fruit Trees
Hi Everyone:
Here is a Commentary on Bountiful Trees and Vegetables God (YHWH) has provided for mankind, specifically the Bixa orellana (Annatto)
Restrictions on the use of many synthetic colorants and the relative instability of most other carotenoids, are leading to the increasing use of bixin, especially in the dairy industry. World production, estimated at about 3,000 t of annatto seed in 1983 (Anand 1983), is now thought to have risen rapidly to over 10,000 t, about half of which comes from Brazil. Until recently, annatto (or urucum as it is known in Brazil) was little more than a back garden crop. However, high prices and the good yields have resulted in a few farmers planting it on a larger scale. Yields, after 4 years, can pass 2 t/ha with 0.9 to 6.9% (average about 2.5%) bixin covering the seeds in a sticky resin (Nicholson 1964, I. Guimaraes pers. commun.). Yields from seedling trees are very variable as the crop is cross pollinated. Variation in the exact composition of the colorants in the final extracted products limits marketability. Vegetative propagation is easy and should make rapid advances possible especially if the crop is selected for a combination of yield and bixin content. The relatively small market for colorants could quickly become saturated so there is interest in the potential of this rustic perennial crop as an alternative grain for growing on exhausted tropical soils. The high yield potential despite any scientific attempts at improvement, makes it a very promising crop. (source - retrieved from on 3/29/2013)
Achiote (Bixa orellana) is a shrub or small tree originating from the tropical region of the Americas. The name derives from the Nahuatl word for the shrub, ?chiotl [a?'t??iot??]. It is also known as Aploppas, and its original Tupi name urucu. It is cultivated there and in Southeast Asia, where it was introduced by the Spanish in the 17th century. It is best known as the source of the natural pigment annatto, produced from the fruit. The plant bears pink flowers and bright red spiny fruits which contain red seeds. The fruits dry and harden to brown capsules.
It is of particular commercial value in the United States because the Food and Drug Administration considers annatto colorants made from it to be "exempt of certification". It is used as a colorant and condiment for traditional dishes such as cochinita pibil, rice, chicken in achiote and caldo de olla. It is also used to add color to butter, cheese, popcorn, drinks, and breads. The main achiote growers are Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, India, Jamaica, Mexico, Peru, Puerto Rico and Dominican Republic.
The inedible fruit is harvested for its seeds, which contain annatto, also called bixin. It can be extracted by stirring the seeds in water. It is used to color food products, such as cheeses, fish, and salad oil. Sold as a paste or powder for culinary use, mainly as a color, it is known as "achiote," "annatto," "bijol," or "pimentão doce." It is a main ingredient in the Yucatecan spice mixture recado rojo, or "achiote paste." The seeds are ground and used as a subtly flavored and colorful additive in Latin American, Jamaican, Chamorro and Filipino cuisine. Annatto is growing in popularity as a natural alternative to synthetic food coloring compounds. While it has a distinct flavor of its own, it can be used to color and flavor rice instead of the much more expensive saffron. It is an important ingredient of cochinita pibil, the spicy pork dish popular in Mexico. It is also a key ingredient in the drink tascalate from Chiapas, Mexico.
In several European countries (e.g. Great Britain, Denmark, Sweden, Norway) the pigment, extracted by solvent or boiling the seeds in oil, have been and often still is used as color in margarines and several other foods. The pigment has E-number E160b. The seeds are collected from wild-growing bushes or from plantations, in Latin America, Africa (e.g. Kenya) and Asia. However, since there is no strong organization promoting the use of annatto, the color beta carotene, which is more expensive, has pushed the natural pigment out of many applications.
Culinary uses
Achiote paste, favored in Yucatán, Oaxacan, and Belizean cuisine, is made from the slightly bitter, earthy flavored, red annatto seeds, mixed with other spices and ground into a paste. Achiote is a distinctly colored and flavored mainstay of Mexican and Belizean kitchens.
A typical preparation mixes:
* 1/4 cup annatto seeds
* 1 tablespoon coriander seeds
* 1 tablespoon oregano
* 1 teaspoon cumin seeds
* 1 teaspoon black peppercorns
* 2 whole cloves
* 1 teaspoon salt
* 5 cloves of garlic, peeled
* 1/2 cup bitter orange juice (Seville) or 1/3 cup white vinegar
Grind the spices (annatto, coriander, cumin, peppercorns, oregano and cloves) in a spice mill or with a mortar and pestle. Blend the ground spices with the salt, garlic and the bitter orange juice until it is smooth. Rub the mixture onto chicken, pork or fish and let it marinate for 4–6 hours then cook as usual. Or use the achiote as an ingredient in another dish.
The paste is dissolved in either lemon juice, water, oil or vinegar to create a marinade, and marinated or rubbed directly upon meat. The meat is then grilled, baked, barbecued or broiled. Sometimes it is added to corn dough to create a zesty flavor and color in empanadas and red tamales.
Ethnomedical uses
The achiote has long been used by American Indians to make body paint, especially for the lips, which is the origin of the plant's nickname, lipstick tree. The use of the dye in the hair by men of the Tsáchila of Ecuador is the origin of their usual Spanish name, the Colorados.
In developing countries, particularly in Colombia, people with low income and less access to modern medicine resources use folk medicine and natural remedies for the treatment of common infections. Achiote is among those herbs used in Colombian folk medicine to treat infections of microbial origin.[1] Adding to the known health benefits exerted by carotenoids, a bioactive sesquiterpene from achiote exhibited moderate anti-fungal activity.[2] Extracts of the leaves of achiote possess antimicrobial activity against Gram positive microorganisms, with maximum activity against Bacillus pumilus.[3] Achiote leaves have been employed to treat malaria and Leishmaniasis.
See also
* B. orellana and annatto
* Van Wyk, Ben-Erik (2005). Food Plants of the World. Portland, Oregon: Timber Press, Inc. ISBN 0-88192-743-0
References
1. ^ "Health benefits of Achiote (Bixa orellana)". Herbcyclopedia. Retrieved 14 Dec 2012.
2. ^ Raga, DD; Espiritu, RA; Shen, CC; Ragasa, CY (30 Sept 2010). "A bioactive sesquiterpene from Bixa orellana". J Nat Med (Tokyo: Springer) 65 (1): 206–211. doi:10.1007/s11418-010-0459-9. PMID 20882359. Retrieved 14 Dec 2012.
3. ^ Fleischera, T.C.; Ameadea, E.P.K.; Mensaha, M.L.K.; Sawerb, I.K. (Feb 2003). "Antimicrobial activity of the leaves and seeds of Bixa orellana". Fitoterapia (Elsevier) 74 (1-2): 136–138. doi:10.1016/S0367-326X(02)00289-7. Retrieved 14 Dec 2012. (source - retrieved from on 3/29/2013)
In Genesis 1:11-13, "And God said, Let the earth put forth grass, herbs yielding seed, and fruit-trees bearing fruit after their kind, wherein is the seed thereof, upon the earth: and it was so. 12 And the earth brought forth grass, herbs yielding seed after their kind, and trees bearing fruit, wherein is the seed thereof, after their kind: and God saw that it was good. 13 And there was evening and there was morning, a third day. (American Standard Version, ASV)[for more details, go to www.jw.org].
View plant at,
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Your Friend in Christ Iris89
Francis David said it long ago, "Neither the sword of popes...nor the image of death will halt the march of truth."Francis David, 1579, written on the wall of his prison cell." Read the book, "What Does The Bible Really Teach" and the Bible today, and go to www.jw.org!
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Re: Almighty God’s (YHWH) Great Gift to Mankind, The Rare Fruit Trees
Hi Everyone:
Here is a Commentary on Bountiful Trees and Vegetables God (YHWH) has provided for mankind, specifically the Achachairu, (Garcinia humilis Vahl), Clusiaceae before designated Rheedia laterifolia.
The achachairu, formerly called Rheedia spp, belongs to the genus Garcinia . In 1703 , Plumier first discovered a species of this genus, with the name of Van Rheedia. This plant was described by Linnaeus en 1753 [source - retrieved from on 6/14/2013]
Appearance
The Achacha has an appealing colour and form and is very decorative. It is egg-shaped, up to 6cm long by 4cm in diameter. It takes on a reddish-orange shade when mature. There is usually one significant coffee-coloured seed, but larger fruit may have more than one seed. As an eco-friendly forest fruit which has not been through hundreds of generations of selective breeding, each one has its own personality and curves, with perhaps a few small bumps and marks on its skin which add interest to its appearance but do not affect its quality.
Eating the fruit
The fruit grows to around six centimetres in length and has a bright glossy orange surface around the edible white pulp, which in turn contains one or two brown seeds. The taste is described as both bitter and sweet.[2] The rather tough, bitter rind can be split open with a knife or with the teeth, and the edible part of the fruit sucked off the seed.
The Queensland Department of Agriculture, Fisheries and Forestry has found that the fruit keeps well for four to six weeks as long as it stays out of the fridge. It recommends storing the fruit at 15 to 20 degrees Celsius with a high relative humidity. If these conditions are not met, the fruit will shrivel.[3] Although, some people have found that placing this egg shaped fruit in the egg rack of a fridge does not harm the fruit in any way.
The glossy orange rinds of the Achacha may be put in a blender with water. Once pureed and then strained to remove all of the solids, this liquid may be diluted and sweetened to one's taste, then chilled for a refreshing summer drink.
Season
The Achacha is in season from December to mid-March.
Health
Even though there is no medical proof, traditional uses for the inedible portions of the Garcinia humilis fruit (seed, rind, etc.) include;
In Bolivia the skins are used as a hunger suppressant[4]
The honey that you make from it is used for medicinal purposes. In Bolivia it sells for 10 times the normal price of honey.
The inside of the skin is used to rub on marks (such as warts) on the skin to reduce them.
References
1. ^ FRUIT LOGISTICA update fruitlogistica.de
2. ^ About the Achacha achacha.com.au
3. ^ True Bolivia abc.net.au
4. ^ Can the skin be used? achacha.com.au] [source - retrieved from on 6/14/2013]
In Genesis 1:11-13, "And God said, Let the earth put forth grass, herbs yielding seed, and fruit-trees bearing fruit after their kind, wherein is the seed thereof, upon the earth: and it was so. 12 And the earth brought forth grass, herbs yielding seed after their kind, and trees bearing fruit, wherein is the seed thereof, after their kind: and God saw that it was good. 13 And there was evening and there was morning, a third day. (American Standard Version, ASV)[for more details, go to www.jw.org].
To view plant and fruit, go to,
Now to know the truth, go to:
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Your Friend in Christ Iris89
Francis David said it long ago, "Neither the sword of popes...nor the image of death will halt the march of truth."Francis David, 1579, written on the wall of his prison cell." Read the book, "What Does The Bible Really Teach" and the Bible today, and go to www.jw.org!
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